[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":10138},["ShallowReactive",2],{"submission-countries":3,"submission-genres":1554,"submission-instruments":9066},[4,13,21,29,38,45,54,62,69,78,86,94,101,108,115,123,131,138,146,154,161,168,175,182,189,196,203,211,218,226,234,242,249,256,263,270,277,285,292,299,306,313,320,327,335,342,349,356,363,370,377,384,391,398,406,413,420,427,434,441,448,455,462,469,476,483,490,497,504,511,518,525,532,539,546,553,560,567,574,581,588,595,602,609,616,623,630,637,645,652,659,666,673,681,688,695,702,709,716,723,730,737,742,749,756,763,770,777,784,791,798,805,812,819,826,833,840,847,854,861,868,875,882,889,896,903,910,917,924,931,938,945,952,959,966,973,980,987,994,1001,1008,1015,1022,1029,1036,1043,1050,1057,1064,1071,1078,1085,1092,1099,1106,1113,1120,1127,1134,1141,1148,1155,1162,1169,1176,1183,1190,1197,1204,1211,1218,1225,1232,1239,1246,1253,1260,1267,1274,1281,1288,1295,1302,1309,1316,1323,1330,1337,1344,1351,1358,1365,1372,1379,1386,1393,1400,1407,1414,1421,1428,1435,1442,1449,1456,1463,1470,1477,1484,1491,1498,1505,1512,1519,1526,1533,1540,1547],{"id":5,"name":6,"region":7,"continent":8,"isoCode":9,"description":10,"genres":11,"submissions":12},"5daee6c4-26b7-4df8-8965-000f3a3a503b","Germany","Western Europe","Europe","DEU","Germany has been central to Western music history, from the Lutheran chorale tradition through the Baroque, Classical, and Romantic eras, and into the 20th century avant-garde. The country pioneered electronic music through Krautrock and synthesizer innovations that influenced global popular music. Schlager is a mainstream popular form. German folk traditions vary significantly by region, from Bavarian brass bands to northern Plattdeutsch songs. Berlin became a global capital of techno and electronic dance music from the 1990s onward. Germany has one of the world's largest music markets and strongest live music cultures.",[],[],{"id":14,"name":15,"region":15,"continent":16,"isoCode":17,"description":18,"genres":19,"submissions":20},"30f8f2b6-af63-474e-94f7-019690f7d78c","Micronesia","Oceania","FSM","The Federated States of Micronesia encompass Yap, Chuuk, Pohnpei, and Kosrae, each with distinct musical traditions. Yapese music features sitting dances and standing dances with choral chanting tied to clan histories. Chuukese love songs and Pohnpeian sakau ceremony music reflect island-specific cultures. Traditional stick dancing and clapping songs are important performance forms. Christian hymn singing, introduced by missionaries, has been deeply integrated into island life. Contemporary Micronesian music blends Pacific traditions with reggae and pop. Oral musical traditions carry navigational and genealogical knowledge.",[],[],{"id":22,"name":23,"region":24,"continent":16,"isoCode":25,"description":26,"genres":27,"submissions":28},"2f7f9b70-ee6f-4539-8974-02cc0716163e","Fiji","Melanesia","FJI","Fiji's music reflects its Indigenous iTaukei and Indo-Fijian populations. iTaukei traditions include meke, a performative combination of dance, song, and storytelling that serves ceremonial and social functions. Choral singing, introduced by Methodist missionaries, has become deeply integrated into Fijian life. Indo-Fijian communities maintain Hindustani folk and devotional music traditions. The lali (slit drum) is an important traditional instrument. Contemporary Fijian music blends Pacific Island rhythms with reggae, R&B, and pop. The country's music reflects its position at the intersection of Melanesian and Polynesian cultures.",[],[],{"id":30,"name":31,"region":32,"continent":33,"isoCode":34,"description":35,"genres":36,"submissions":37},"22a10e5b-15ed-4c0d-90ce-036de7870991","Sri Lanka","Southern Asia","Asia","LKA","Sri Lanka's music reflects its Sinhalese Buddhist majority, Tamil Hindu minority, and Muslim and Burgher communities. Traditional Sinhalese music features the magul bera (ceremonial drum), horanewa (oboe), and elaborate drumming traditions tied to Buddhist temple ceremonies and Kandyan dance. Tamil classical music follows the South Indian Carnatic tradition. Baila, a dance music of Portuguese-Creole origin, is widely popular and represents a uniquely Sri Lankan fusion. Devil dance (tovil) ceremonies combine music, masked performance, and healing rituals. Contemporary Sri Lankan music spans pop, hip-hop, and electronic genres.",[],[],{"id":39,"name":40,"region":32,"continent":33,"isoCode":41,"description":42,"genres":43,"submissions":44},"9df96c07-02b3-43dd-a412-0399dde3922b","Nepal","NPL","Nepal's musical traditions reflect its extraordinary ethnic diversity, with over 100 distinct groups across lowland, hill, and mountain zones. Newari music of the Kathmandu Valley features sophisticated percussion ensembles tied to Buddhist and Hindu ceremonial life. Tamang selo, Gurung music, and Sherpa traditions provide mountain soundscapes. The sarangi (fiddle) and madal drum are widely used instruments. Dohori, a competitive duet-singing tradition, is popular. The Gandharba (Gaine) community of hereditary musicians traditionally wander and sing. Nepali pop, rock, and lok dohori represent contemporary forms.",[],[],{"id":46,"name":47,"region":48,"continent":49,"isoCode":50,"description":51,"genres":52,"submissions":53},"4e573ab5-a1cc-4050-947a-07431ad23200","Canada","Northern America","North America","CAN","Canada's musical culture reflects its Indigenous, French, British, and multicultural immigrant heritage. First Nations, Inuit, and Metis musical traditions - including powwow drumming, throat singing (katajjaq), and fiddle music - form the oldest layer. Francophone Quebecois music features chanson tradition and trad folk. Celtic traditions thrive in the Maritime provinces. Canada has produced globally significant artists across folk, rock, pop, hip-hop, electronic, and country genres. The country's music scene benefits from public broadcasting support and cultural diversity policies.",[],[],{"id":55,"name":56,"region":57,"continent":8,"isoCode":58,"description":59,"genres":60,"submissions":61},"7b37cada-b975-4267-8d81-087385384b50","Bosnia and Herzegovina","Southern Europe","BIH","Bosnia and Herzegovina's music reflects its complex Bosniak, Croat, and Serb cultural layers. Sevdalinka, a soulful love song tradition of Ottoman origin, is the country's most distinctive genre, characterized by emotional vocal delivery and intricate melodic ornamentation. The saz (sargija) is a characteristic instrument. Ganga, a traditional vocal form with sharp dissonant intervals, is practiced in rural areas. The country contributed significantly to the Yugoslav rock scene. Bosnian contemporary music includes folk-pop, hip-hop, and a vibrant turbo-folk scene.",[],[],{"id":63,"name":64,"region":57,"continent":8,"isoCode":65,"description":66,"genres":67,"submissions":68},"fe99f617-f67b-49e7-b43f-0947a9c648d2","Montenegro","MNE","Montenegro's music reflects its position between the Adriatic coast and the Dinaric interior. Gusle, a single-string bowed instrument accompanying epic poetry recitation, is central to Montenegrin musical identity and shared with neighboring South Slavic cultures. Coastal towns have Mediterranean-influenced music, while highland traditions feature strong vocal styles and ceremonial music. Ojkanje, a distinctive vocal technique, is practiced in some regions. Contemporary Montenegrin music includes pop, turbo-folk, and a growing electronic scene tied to the country's emerging tourism.",[],[],{"id":70,"name":71,"region":72,"continent":73,"isoCode":74,"description":75,"genres":76,"submissions":77},"abc7df11-7576-462a-8ee1-09480f9c2f94","Guinea","Western Africa","Africa","GIN","Guinea is celebrated as a wellspring of West African musical culture. The Mandinka and Susu peoples maintain rich griot traditions featuring the kora, balafon, and djembe - the djembe is believed to have originated among the Mandinka of Guinea. Under Sekou Toure's cultural program, state-sponsored ensembles like Les Ballets Africains brought Guinean music to international stages. The country's diverse ethnic groups, including the Fulani of the Fouta Djallon, contribute distinct vocal and instrumental traditions.",[],[],{"id":79,"name":80,"region":81,"continent":33,"isoCode":82,"description":83,"genres":84,"submissions":85},"f2723e09-80b9-4424-b591-09aed5629920","Jordan","Western Asia","JOR","Jordan's music reflects its Bedouin heritage and broader Levantine Arab traditions. Bedouin music features the rababa (single-string bowed instrument), rhythmic clapping, and poetic recitation tied to desert life. Dabke, a line dance common across the Levant, is performed at weddings and celebrations with tablah drums and mijwiz (double-pipe reed instrument). The country shares much of its musical heritage with Palestine, Syria, and Iraq. Amman has developed a contemporary music scene blending Arabic traditions with Western pop, electronic, and hip-hop elements.",[],[],{"id":87,"name":88,"region":89,"continent":16,"isoCode":90,"description":91,"genres":92,"submissions":93},"f04b9ce8-c99d-4096-accb-0b49f88b65d4","Samoa","Polynesia","WSM","Samoa's music is rooted in communal singing, with complex choral harmonies reflecting both Polynesian traditions and Christian hymn influences. The pate (slit drum) and fala (woven mat used as percussion) are traditional instruments. Siva (dance) performances combine choreography with song and are central to Samoan fa'a Samoa (cultural way of life). The fire knife dance (siva afi) is a spectacular performance tradition. Contemporary Samoan music includes hip-hop, reggae, and R&B, with the Samoan diaspora in New Zealand, Australia, and the US contributing to Pacific urban music scenes.",[],[],{"id":95,"name":96,"region":81,"continent":33,"isoCode":97,"description":98,"genres":99,"submissions":100},"a598f659-69af-426e-a2ce-0bc1d2c02a36","Armenia","ARM","Armenia has one of the world's oldest continuous musical traditions. The duduk, a double-reed woodwind instrument made from apricot wood, produces a hauntingly warm sound and is inscribed on UNESCO's list. Armenian sacred music, rooted in the Armenian Apostolic Church, features one of the earliest systems of musical notation (khaz). The ashugh bardic tradition draws on both Armenian and broader Caucasian and Middle Eastern influences. Armenian folk music varies by region, with strong vocal and dance traditions. The Armenian diaspora has spread the country's musical influence globally.",[],[],{"id":102,"name":103,"region":7,"continent":8,"isoCode":104,"description":105,"genres":106,"submissions":107},"066813af-0760-4e04-af2d-0c95ce99a2e0","France","FRA","France's musical culture encompasses one of Europe's great classical traditions, the chanson francaise (from medieval troubadours to modern singer-songwriters), and profoundly influential contributions to jazz, electronic music, and hip-hop. Musette, associated with Parisian accordion culture, and various regional folk traditions (Breton, Occitan, Basque, Corsican, Alsatian) add diversity. France has been at the forefront of electronic music through French touch\u002Fhouse and contemporary EDM. French hip-hop is the largest outside the Anglophone world. The country's colonial connections have made Paris a global hub for African and Caribbean music.",[],[],{"id":109,"name":110,"region":81,"continent":33,"isoCode":111,"description":112,"genres":113,"submissions":114},"f9ea4ece-742f-44c0-88da-0cc42f64735f","Cyprus","CYP","Cyprus' music reflects its Greek and Turkish cultural heritage. Greek Cypriot traditions include folk songs (poiitarika), lute (laouto) and violin music, and the tsiatista tradition of improvised rhyming couplets. Turkish Cypriot music shares elements with Anatolian folk traditions and features the davul and zurna. Both communities have been influenced by Byzantine and Ottoman musical heritage. The country's geographic position has made it a meeting point for Greek, Turkish, Arab, and broader Mediterranean musical influences. Contemporary Cypriot music includes pop, hip-hop, and laiko.",[],[],{"id":116,"name":117,"region":118,"continent":33,"isoCode":119,"description":120,"genres":121,"submissions":122},"ece785a8-1925-4554-99cb-0d49b4c36892","China","Eastern Asia","CHN","China has one of the world's oldest and most sophisticated musical civilizations, with documented traditions spanning over 3,000 years. The classical tradition encompasses solo instrumental music (guqin, pipa, erhu, zheng), regional opera forms including Peking opera and Kunqu, and sophisticated court music traditions. Folk music varies enormously across the country's 56 recognized ethnic groups and diverse geography. Cantopop and Mandopop are major commercial genres. China's musical influence has shaped traditions across East and Southeast Asia throughout history.",[],[],{"id":124,"name":125,"region":126,"continent":73,"isoCode":127,"description":128,"genres":129,"submissions":130},"ff91cc07-2d33-4a75-a356-0da896f1f62f","Tunisia","Northern Africa","TUN","Tunisia's musical heritage centers on the malouf tradition, an Andalusian classical form brought by Muslim and Jewish refugees from medieval Spain. Sufi religious music plays an important devotional role, particularly through the stambeli tradition rooted in sub-Saharan African spiritual practices. Mezoued, a folk genre named after its signature bagpipe instrument, is popular in urban working-class settings. The country has a strong tradition of sung poetry and contemporary pop that blends Arab, Mediterranean, and African influences.",[],[],{"id":132,"name":133,"region":57,"continent":8,"isoCode":134,"description":135,"genres":136,"submissions":137},"c8219a50-af84-4c99-b37d-0e2412938aae","Serbia","SRB","Serbia's music features a rich folk tradition characterized by complex rhythms and the distinctive sound of brass ensembles, particularly the Guca trumpet festival tradition. Gusle epic singing, accompanied by a single-string bowed instrument, preserves centuries of oral poetry. Kolo (circle dance) music features asymmetric rhythms typical of the Balkans. Sevdalinka ballads are shared with Bosnia. Turbo-folk, blending folk melodies with electronic dance production, has been hugely popular and culturally controversial. Belgrade has a vibrant underground music scene spanning punk, electronic, and alternative genres.",[],[],{"id":139,"name":140,"region":141,"continent":73,"isoCode":142,"description":143,"genres":144,"submissions":145},"04a2df03-3355-4130-b322-0e70b50b8745","Madagascar","Eastern Africa","MDG","Madagascar's music is distinctively shaped by the island's dual Southeast Asian and East African heritage. The valiha, a tubular bamboo zither of Austronesian origin, is the national instrument. The Merina highlands feature hira gasy, theatrical folk performances combining music, dance, and oratory. Coastal traditions show stronger African and Arab influences, including salegy, a high-energy rhythm from the northwest. Tsapiky from the south features rapid guitar picking. The island's musical diversity reflects its extraordinary cultural and ecological isolation.",[],[],{"id":147,"name":148,"region":149,"continent":73,"isoCode":150,"description":151,"genres":152,"submissions":153},"39588ab5-a558-4c9a-b284-109c7efc4030","Equatorial Guinea","Middle Africa","GNQ","Equatorial Guinea's music reflects the distinct cultures of its mainland (Rio Muni) and island (Bioko) territories. The Fang people of the mainland have rich traditions of mvet (harp-zither) performance tied to epic oral literature and initiation rites. Bubi traditions on Bioko island feature distinct drumming and ceremonial music. As the only Spanish-speaking country in Sub-Saharan Africa, its popular music incorporates Latin American rhythms. Contemporary genres include balele and various fusions of traditional Fang music with Afropop and Latin elements.",[],[],{"id":155,"name":156,"region":57,"continent":8,"isoCode":157,"description":158,"genres":159,"submissions":160},"d9d96538-d637-43f1-a4c1-11f2e3d14733","Holy See","VAT","The Holy See (Vatican City) is the spiritual center of Roman Catholic sacred music, one of the most influential musical traditions in Western civilization. Gregorian chant, the monophonic plainchant tradition of the Catholic liturgy, developed over centuries under papal patronage. The Sistine Chapel Choir is one of the oldest choral institutions in the world. The Vatican's patronage of sacred polyphony during the Renaissance shaped European art music profoundly. Catholic liturgical music continues to be composed and performed globally under traditions originating from this institution.",[],[],{"id":162,"name":163,"region":81,"continent":33,"isoCode":164,"description":165,"genres":166,"submissions":167},"0621adb7-e5ab-4964-9a55-126619549115","Qatar","QAT","Qatar's musical traditions are anchored in Gulf Arab culture, with pearl-diving songs and Bedouin poetry-music reflecting the country's pre-oil heritage. Ardha, a traditional sword dance with drumming and chanted poetry, is performed at national celebrations. The oud and various percussion instruments are prominent. Qatar shares the broader khaleeji popular music culture with its Gulf neighbors. The country's rapid modernization and wealth have brought investment in contemporary arts infrastructure, including concert halls and international music festivals.",[],[],{"id":169,"name":170,"region":149,"continent":73,"isoCode":171,"description":172,"genres":173,"submissions":174},"b1380a14-dda1-454f-b00d-13b34fd81def","Democratic Republic of the Congo","COD","The DRC is arguably the most influential musical nation in Sub-Saharan Africa. Congolese rumba, born in Kinshasa and Brazzaville from a fusion of Cuban son with local traditions, spawned soukous and transformed popular music across the continent. Kinshasa's music industry has produced generations of iconic artists. The country's vast territory harbors extraordinary traditional diversity, from Mongo and Luba drumming to Mangbetu harp traditions and the polyphonic singing of the Mbuti Pygmy people in the Ituri Forest. Ndombolo and other dance genres continue to shape African popular music.",[],[],{"id":176,"name":177,"region":141,"continent":73,"isoCode":178,"description":179,"genres":180,"submissions":181},"2820f01c-8b85-4952-95c8-13bfb749d2ca","Tanzania","TZA","Tanzania is one of East Africa's most musically productive nations. Taarab, originating in Zanzibar from Arab, Indian, and African synthesis, is a sophisticated vocal genre. The mainland's diverse ethnic groups - including Sukuma, Chagga, and Maasai - maintain distinct traditions. Bongo Flava, a Swahili hip-hop and R&B fusion, became the dominant popular music from the 1990s onward. Singeli, an extremely fast electronic dance music from Dar es Salaam, has gained international attention. Tanzanian music reflects over 120 ethnic musical traditions.",[],[],{"id":183,"name":184,"region":72,"continent":73,"isoCode":185,"description":186,"genres":187,"submissions":188},"592524cf-efce-4e39-90f9-13d80217c684","Liberia","LBR","Liberia's musical culture reflects its unique history as a nation founded by freed American slaves alongside diverse indigenous ethnic groups. The Kpelle, Bassa, Grebo, and other groups maintain rich traditions of vocal polyphony, slit-drum communication, and masquerade music. Americo-Liberian settlers brought hymn-singing traditions that blended with indigenous practices. Highlife and palm wine music influenced Liberian popular styles. Hipco, a genre blending hip-hop with Liberian Colloquial English, emerged as a distinctly national contemporary form.",[],[],{"id":190,"name":191,"region":141,"continent":73,"isoCode":192,"description":193,"genres":194,"submissions":195},"fd614827-89d0-4a70-9830-141054c467e9","Ethiopia","ETH","Ethiopia possesses one of the world's most distinctive musical traditions, built on a unique modal system of four primary scales (qenets) found nowhere else. The Ethiopian Orthodox Church maintains an ancient liturgical music tradition attributed to Saint Yared in the 6th century. Traditional instruments include the masinko (single-string fiddle), krar (lyre), and washint (flute). Ethio-jazz, pioneered in the 1960s and 1970s, fused these indigenous scales with jazz and funk. The country's ethnic diversity - over 80 groups - produces extraordinary regional musical variety.",[],[],{"id":197,"name":198,"region":149,"continent":73,"isoCode":199,"description":200,"genres":201,"submissions":202},"073c9512-3512-492e-a816-14a34d660e5e","Gabon","GAB","Gabon's music is anchored in the traditions of the Fang, Myene, and Punu peoples, among others. The Bwiti initiation tradition features ngombi (harp) music and all-night ceremonial performances of profound spiritual significance. Mvet performance, shared with neighboring Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea, combines music with epic storytelling. The mogongo (mouth bow) is a distinctive Gabonese instrument. Contemporary Gabonese popular music draws on Congolese soukous, makossa, and more recently on hip-hop and Afrobeats influences.",[],[],{"id":204,"name":205,"region":206,"continent":73,"isoCode":207,"description":208,"genres":209,"submissions":210},"5d188d08-5f22-4693-afde-15baaa152d6a","Botswana","Southern Africa","BWA","Botswana's music reflects its Tswana majority culture alongside San (Bushmen), Kalanga, and other traditions. Tswana traditional music features vocal harmonies, with the segaba (bowed instrument) and setinkane (thumb piano) as characteristic instruments. San music includes some of the oldest musical traditions in the world, featuring healing dance songs and the musical bow. Borankana, a form of choral singing, is popular in churches and social gatherings. Contemporary Botswana music blends traditional elements with kwaito, house, and hip-hop influences from South Africa.",[],[],{"id":212,"name":213,"region":32,"continent":33,"isoCode":214,"description":215,"genres":216,"submissions":217},"1b2404dd-8500-4ac8-8143-16914119b723","Iran","IRN","Iran's classical music (musiqi-e assil) is one of the great art music traditions of the world, built on the radif - a vast repertoire of melodic models organized into twelve dastgahs (modal systems). The tar, setar, santur, kamancheh, and ney are primary classical instruments. Regional folk traditions span Kurdish, Azerbaijani, Baluchi, Turkmen, and Luri communities, each with distinct styles. Taziye (Shia passion play) features elaborate musical performance. Persian poetry and music are inseparably linked. Iran's pop music, both domestic and in diaspora, reflects ongoing tensions between tradition and modernity.",[],[],{"id":219,"name":220,"region":221,"continent":8,"isoCode":222,"description":223,"genres":224,"submissions":225},"f9a35ff7-563b-403d-9f68-16bb2249455b","Poland","Eastern Europe","POL","Poland's musical heritage spans a rich folk tradition of regional dances (polonaise, mazurka, krakowiak, oberek, kujawiak) that influenced European classical music, particularly through Chopin. Regional folk music varies from the highland gorale traditions of the Tatra Mountains to the wedding music of lowland regions. Polish jazz has been internationally recognized since the 1960s. The country has significant rock, hip-hop, and electronic scenes. Polish sacred and choral music has a strong tradition. Discopollo, a Polish dance-pop genre, is widely popular domestically.",[],[],{"id":227,"name":228,"region":229,"continent":33,"isoCode":230,"description":231,"genres":232,"submissions":233},"92653712-3d59-4bd6-a149-16d709d113fc","Vietnam","South-eastern Asia","VNM","Vietnam has a rich and distinctive musical heritage shaped by indigenous traditions, Chinese cultural influence, and the cultures of its 54 recognized ethnic groups. Ca tru (ceremonial singing) and quan ho (love duet singing of Bac Ninh) are UNESCO-inscribed traditions. Nha nhc (court music of the Huu dynasty) represents a refined classical tradition. The n buu (monochord) and n tranh (16-string zither) are iconic instruments. Cui lDjng (reformed opera) is a major southern theatrical form. Vietnamese popular music includes V-pop and various traditional-modern fusions.",[],[],{"id":235,"name":236,"region":237,"continent":237,"isoCode":238,"description":239,"genres":240,"submissions":241},"15add994-d5fc-45b0-b702-1769abbb879a","Ecuador","South America","ECU","Ecuador's music reflects its Andean, coastal, and Amazonian regions, each with distinct traditions. Andean music features the sanjuanito rhythm, quena, rondador (multi-piped instrument), and charango. Pasillo, an elegant waltz-like genre, is considered the national music. Afro-Ecuadorian communities in Esmeraldas maintain marimba, bomba, and cununo drum traditions inscribed on UNESCO's list. Amazonian Indigenous groups (Shuar, Achuar, Waorani) have distinct ceremonial music. Tecnocumbia and chicha blending Andean and tropical elements are widely popular. Contemporary Ecuadorian music spans rock, hip-hop, and electronic genres.",[],[],{"id":243,"name":244,"region":24,"continent":16,"isoCode":245,"description":246,"genres":247,"submissions":248},"ecb34dd3-dd31-4c57-937d-17705a916b0e","Solomon Islands","SLB","The Solomon Islands maintain diverse musical traditions across their scattered island geography. Panpipe ensembles from Malaita and Guadalcanal are internationally recognized for their complex interlocking techniques. Are'are panpipe music has been particularly well-documented by ethnomusicologists. Traditional music varies significantly between Melanesian, Polynesian, and Micronesian-influenced islands. Bamboo bands, using stamped bamboo tubes of various lengths, create ensemble music. String band music is the predominant popular form. Choral singing, introduced by Christian missionaries, has been enthusiastically adopted and adapted to local aesthetics.",[],[],{"id":250,"name":251,"region":81,"continent":33,"isoCode":252,"description":253,"genres":254,"submissions":255},"472dfd63-61fe-4425-b452-1951a0ed94ad","Palestine","PSE","Palestinian music is rooted in Levantine Arab traditions and deeply connected to the experience of displacement and national identity. Dabke line dancing, accompanied by tablah, mijwiz, and yarghul instruments, is central to celebrations. Palestinian folk songs (dal'ouna, ataba, zajal) carry themes of homeland, resistance, and longing. The oud and nay are prominent melodic instruments. Since 1948, music has served as a vehicle for cultural preservation and political expression in both the occupied territories and the diaspora. Contemporary Palestinian artists blend traditional forms with hip-hop, electronic, and experimental music.",[],[],{"id":257,"name":258,"region":57,"continent":8,"isoCode":259,"description":260,"genres":261,"submissions":262},"f224d5f4-7a10-4b0e-9fae-1c5068f7d864","Andorra","AND","Andorra's musical traditions reflect its position between Catalan and French cultural spheres. Traditional music includes contrapas, a circle dance performed during local festivals, and various folk songs in the Catalan language tied to pastoral and agricultural life. The country's small population limits the scale of its music scene, but folk festivals and choral groups maintain traditional practices. Contemporary Andorran music is influenced by the broader Spanish, French, and Catalan popular music markets.",[],[],{"id":264,"name":265,"region":7,"continent":8,"isoCode":266,"description":267,"genres":268,"submissions":269},"a9ecae17-8ac8-4d10-884e-1e13ff43b513","Netherlands","NLD","The Netherlands has been a major force in electronic dance music, particularly through the Dutch DJ and producer scene that shaped trance, hardstyle, and EDM globally. Amsterdam is a major world music hub. Traditional Dutch folk music features the accordion, fiddle, and barrel organ. Indonesian, Surinamese, and Antillean diaspora communities have contributed genres like kaseko and tumba. The country has a strong jazz tradition, an influential punk and post-punk history, and significant classical music institutions. Dutch carillon music is a UNESCO-listed tradition shared with Belgium.",[],[],{"id":271,"name":272,"region":221,"continent":8,"isoCode":273,"description":274,"genres":275,"submissions":276},"a37ec489-c436-488e-9fcd-2069caf68217","Russia","RUS","Russia's musical culture spans the world's largest country, from the polyphonic village singing traditions of the European heartland to the throat singing of Tuva and the shamanic music of Siberian peoples. Russian classical music became one of the world's great art music traditions in the 19th and 20th centuries. Traditional instruments include the balalaika, domra, bayan (accordion), and gusli (plucked zither). Russian romance (art song), chastushka (humorous folk verse), and Soviet-era song traditions are important popular forms. Contemporary Russian music includes vibrant pop, rock, hip-hop, and electronic scenes.",[],[],{"id":278,"name":279,"region":280,"continent":8,"isoCode":281,"description":282,"genres":283,"submissions":284},"cfbd2fc5-64b2-47de-a0f2-20a966e3d5fc","Finland","Northern Europe","FIN","Finland's musical culture draws from the Kalevala tradition of sung epic poetry, which inspired the national classical music school led by Jean Sibelius. The Sami people of northern Finland maintain the joik tradition, a distinctive form of vocal expression (UNESCO-listed). The kantele (plucked string instrument) is the national instrument. Finland has an outsized heavy metal scene relative to its population, along with internationally recognized tango, folk, and electronic music cultures. Finnish tango, adapted from the Argentine form, has become a distinct national genre.",[],[],{"id":286,"name":287,"region":32,"continent":33,"isoCode":288,"description":289,"genres":290,"submissions":291},"743d89bc-1c67-4f10-823b-2128a2762aac","India","IND","India possesses one of the world's most elaborate and ancient musical civilizations, with theoretical frameworks dating back thousands of years. The two classical systems - Hindustani (north) and Carnatic (south) - feature intricate raga (melodic) and tala (rhythmic) frameworks of extraordinary sophistication. Folk traditions vary enormously across the subcontinent's linguistic and geographic diversity. Bollywood film music is one of the world's largest music industries. India's contributions include devotional bhajan and qawwali traditions, tribal music of Adivasi peoples, and the global spread of instruments like the sitar, tabla, and veena.",[],[],{"id":293,"name":294,"region":118,"continent":33,"isoCode":295,"description":296,"genres":297,"submissions":298},"dac23817-332a-433d-a073-213c1a2d0a5b","Taiwan","TWN","Taiwan is a major center of Mandopop (Mandarin popular music), producing artists with influence across the Chinese-speaking world. The island also preserves distinct traditions of Taiwanese opera (gezaixi), Hakka music, and the extraordinarily rich musical cultures of its 16 recognized indigenous Austronesian peoples. Amis, Paiwan, and Bunun vocal traditions, including the Bunun's pasibutbut eight-part polyphony, are internationally recognized. Southern Fujian folk music traditions, brought by early Chinese settlers, form another layer of the island's diverse musical identity.",[],[],{"id":300,"name":301,"region":15,"continent":16,"isoCode":302,"description":303,"genres":304,"submissions":305},"2ac72b3b-4aea-4daa-b55a-252d43538c4e","Guam","GUM","Guam's music reflects Chamorro Indigenous culture, Spanish colonial heritage, and American influence. Traditional Chamorro music features chanting, the belembaotuyan (mouth bow), and nose flute. Kantan Chamorrita, an improvised poetic singing tradition, is a distinctive cultural practice. Spanish-era influence is audible in folk songs and religious music. Contemporary Guam music includes Chamorro-language pop and reggae. The CHamoru cultural revival has brought renewed attention to traditional musical practices. Guam's Pacific Island and American cultural streams create a unique musical blend.",[],[],{"id":307,"name":308,"region":280,"continent":8,"isoCode":309,"description":310,"genres":311,"submissions":312},"6f557b04-4445-4cb2-a615-258d6300a951","Lithuania","LTU","Lithuania maintains rich folk traditions including sutartins, a unique form of polyphonic singing inscribed on UNESCO's list, featuring canonic vocal patterns in seconds. The country's Song Festival tradition, like its Baltic neighbors, played a role in the independence movement. Traditional instruments include the kankls (plucked zither) and birbyn (clarinet-type instrument). Lithuanian folk music preserves archaic Baltic elements. The country has a strong contemporary classical, jazz, and popular music scene. Cross-crafts (kryzdirbyst) cultural traditions also incorporate musical elements.",[],[],{"id":314,"name":315,"region":7,"continent":8,"isoCode":316,"description":317,"genres":318,"submissions":319},"cfecec18-849c-4240-bf48-277ba0efed0e","Luxembourg","LUX","Luxembourg's music reflects its position at the crossroads of French, German, and Belgian cultures. The country has a strong tradition of choral singing and brass bands, particularly in rural communities. Luxembourgish folk songs in the Letzebuergesch language represent a distinct national identity. The country hosts contemporary music festivals and maintains orchestras and conservatories. Luxembourg's multicultural population, with a high percentage of residents from other European countries, creates a cosmopolitan musical environment.",[],[],{"id":321,"name":322,"region":32,"continent":33,"isoCode":323,"description":324,"genres":325,"submissions":326},"e6943609-415c-4f1a-998b-280fee1e2021","Afghanistan","AFG","Afghanistan sits at a musical crossroads of Central, South, and West Asian traditions. Classical Afghan music features the rubab (considered the ancestor of the Indian sarod), tabla, and harmonium, with sophisticated modal systems (ragas). Pashtun attan dance music, Hazara dambura traditions, and Tajik-Uzbek shashmaqam-influenced forms reflect the country's ethnic diversity. Decades of conflict and Taliban restrictions have severely disrupted but not destroyed musical life. The rubab was inscribed on UNESCO's list, and Afghan musicians in diaspora communities continue to preserve and develop the tradition.",[],[],{"id":328,"name":329,"region":330,"continent":49,"isoCode":331,"description":332,"genres":333,"submissions":334},"068392bc-4fc0-4f9b-a4bb-2d3cbd6028c0","Mexico","Central America","MEX","Mexico possesses one of the most diverse and globally influential musical cultures in the Americas. Mariachi, originating in western Mexico, is inscribed on UNESCO's list and is an international symbol of Mexican identity. Son mexicano varies dramatically by region - son jarocho (Veracruz), son huasteco, son calentano, and chilena each have distinct characteristics. Ranchera and norteno\u002Fbanda are massively popular genres. Corridos narrate stories from the revolution to contemporary life. Indigenous traditions across dozens of groups (Zapotec, Mixtec, Maya, Purepecha, and many others) add further layers. Mexico has vibrant rock, hip-hop, electronic, and cumbia scenes.",[],[],{"id":336,"name":337,"region":15,"continent":16,"isoCode":338,"description":339,"genres":340,"submissions":341},"91491848-c514-4c1d-98c9-2dd8d18b7eab","Palau","PLW","Palau's musical traditions include omeruul (traditional chants) associated with specific clans and historical events. Women's dances (ruk) and men's war dances feature distinct vocal styles. Storyboard carvings - a unique Palauan art form - have musical narratives associated with them. Christian hymn singing is now central to community life. The belau (traditional money) exchange ceremonies have associated chants. Contemporary Palauan music includes reggae, R&B, and hip-hop performed in Palauan and English. The country's small population maintains musical traditions through community performance.",[],[],{"id":343,"name":344,"region":330,"continent":49,"isoCode":345,"description":346,"genres":347,"submissions":348},"70f67299-b5f7-45a3-b241-2de60c1366ab","Honduras","HND","Honduras' music is shaped by Mestizo, Indigenous, and Afro-Honduran traditions. Punta, the traditional music of the Garifuna people along the Caribbean coast, is inscribed on UNESCO's list and has been modernized into punta rock. The marimba is important in western Honduras, reflecting broader Central American traditions. Lenca and other Indigenous communities maintain ceremonial music practices. Musica ranchera, cumbia, and reggaeton are popular contemporary genres. Paranda, a Garifuna acoustic guitar style, represents another distinctive cultural tradition.",[],[],{"id":350,"name":351,"region":206,"continent":73,"isoCode":352,"description":353,"genres":354,"submissions":355},"a888ec10-892f-4061-8fc6-2f9c77c3eb69","Namibia","NAM","Namibia's musical landscape reflects its diverse ethnic composition. The Ovambo, the largest group, have rich traditions of drumming and choral singing. San communities maintain ancient musical bow and healing dance traditions. Damara punch, featuring distinctive hip movements and rhythmic vocal patterns, is a unique cultural expression. German colonial and South African influences are audible in some popular forms. Shambo, a blend of traditional rhythms with kwaito and house elements, has emerged as a contemporary Namibian genre. The country's music reflects its complex colonial and post-independence identity.",[],[],{"id":357,"name":358,"region":229,"continent":33,"isoCode":359,"description":360,"genres":361,"submissions":362},"2ea38e50-dace-43ac-ac9c-2fc8472c6499","Malaysia","MYS","Malaysia's musical culture reflects its Malay, Chinese, Indian, and indigenous communities. Malay traditional music includes gamelan ensembles in the east coast states, the nobat (royal court ensemble), and various folk traditions tied to fishing, farming, and spiritual practice. Dikir barat, a seated choral form from Kelantan, is a UNESCO-recognized tradition. Joget, zapin, and ghazal are popular traditional dance-music forms showing Arab and Portuguese influence. Indian and Chinese communities maintain their own musical traditions. Malaysian popular music ranges from Malay pop to hip-hop.",[],[],{"id":364,"name":365,"region":57,"continent":8,"isoCode":366,"description":367,"genres":368,"submissions":369},"bd9b3b7c-5db7-483a-8616-31aa1f3f059d","Malta","MLT","Malta's music reflects its unique position at the Mediterranean crossroads, blending Sicilian, North African, British, and broader Mediterranean influences. Gana, a traditional folk singing style featuring spontaneous improvised debate in Maltese, is the country's most distinctive musical form. Performers (gannejja) engage in musical verbal contests. Maltese village festas feature brass band music. The country's strong Catholic identity has produced a tradition of church music. Contemporary Maltese music spans pop, rock, and hip-hop in both Maltese and English.",[],[],{"id":371,"name":372,"region":48,"continent":49,"isoCode":373,"description":374,"genres":375,"submissions":376},"190ce148-8e9f-47c6-8c0d-327d5cda55f0","Bermuda","BMU","Bermuda's music is most distinctively represented by Gombey, a masked dance tradition combining African, Indigenous Caribbean, and British military elements with elaborate costumes, drumming, and rhythmic movement. Gombey troupes perform during holidays and special occasions, and the tradition is central to Bermudian cultural identity. Calypso and reggae are popular imported genres. The island has a small but active music scene spanning jazz, gospel, R&B, and pop. Bermuda's geographic isolation has helped preserve its unique cultural traditions.",[],[],{"id":378,"name":379,"region":141,"continent":73,"isoCode":380,"description":381,"genres":382,"submissions":383},"91150c9e-37a7-4639-8688-32f940737af3","Mozambique","MOZ","Mozambique's musical traditions are shaped by Bantu, Swahili, and Portuguese influences. Marrabenta, often called the national music, emerged in mid-20th century Maputo as a fusion of traditional rhythms with Portuguese guitar styles. The timbila xylophone music of the Chopi people is inscribed on UNESCO's list as a masterpiece of orchestral composition. Northern Mozambique shares taarab and Swahili musical traditions with Tanzania. Pandza is a contemporary dance music genre. The country's music reflects the cultural diversity of its Makua, Tsonga, Sena, and other ethnic communities.",[],[],{"id":385,"name":386,"region":221,"continent":8,"isoCode":387,"description":388,"genres":389,"submissions":390},"8fc700c7-35c9-474d-b009-346e61f1cf71","Ukraine","UKR","Ukraine possesses a rich musical heritage rooted in East Slavic traditions with distinct regional characteristics. The bandura (plucked string instrument) is the national instrument, associated with the kobzar tradition of blind itinerant musicians who performed epic songs (dumy). Ukrainian folk singing features elaborate polyphonic harmonies. Cossack songs, Carpathian mountain traditions (including the trembita alphorn), and the diverse music of Crimean Tatars, Roma, and other minorities add layers of diversity. Contemporary Ukrainian music includes vibrant pop, hip-hop, electronic, and rock scenes.",[],[],{"id":392,"name":393,"region":81,"continent":33,"isoCode":394,"description":395,"genres":396,"submissions":397},"ec8a6006-e0cd-4526-867e-34a4dae64024","Oman","OMN","Oman's music reflects its diverse geographic and cultural makeup - coastal, desert, and mountain communities each maintain distinct traditions. The country's historical maritime connections to East Africa, India, and Southeast Asia are audible in its music. Razha, a traditional sword dance, and liwa (of East African origin) are prominent genres. The Sur region has distinct sea-shanty traditions. Bar'a, a group dance from Dhofar, is a UNESCO-inscribed tradition. Omani music employs a wide range of drums and percussion instruments, reflecting the country's position at the crossroads of Arabian and Indian Ocean cultures.",[],[],{"id":399,"name":400,"region":401,"continent":49,"isoCode":402,"description":403,"genres":404,"submissions":405},"9d5ff3e5-ff82-4ce4-907f-35da04ea789d","Dominica","Caribbean","DMA","Dominica's musical culture features bouyon, a high-energy dance music genre that originated on the island and blends elements of zouk, soca, and indigenous Kalinago rhythms. Cadence-lypso, combining Haitian cadence with calypso, was an earlier Dominican innovation. The Creole Music Festival is a major cultural event. Jing ping, a traditional folk music featuring accordion, percussion, and boom boom (bass pipe), reflects French Creole heritage. The island's Kalinago (Carib) community maintains some traditional musical practices.",[],[],{"id":407,"name":408,"region":118,"continent":33,"isoCode":409,"description":410,"genres":411,"submissions":412},"87faa577-9261-44bd-90ab-376e87c07386","South Korea","KOR","South Korea has become one of the world's most influential music exporters through the global K-pop phenomenon. Beyond this commercial success, the country preserves rich traditional arts including pansori (epic narrative singing, UNESCO-listed), sanjo (virtuosic solo instrumental music), samulnori percussion ensembles, and various regional folk traditions. Gayageum, geomungo, and daegeum are prominent classical instruments. The country also has significant trot (popular ballad), indie rock, and hip-hop scenes. Korean music blends deep traditional roots with technological and cultural innovation.",[],[],{"id":414,"name":415,"region":280,"continent":8,"isoCode":416,"description":417,"genres":418,"submissions":419},"c4fe2389-aa3c-4573-a798-37d3c981c3cb","Faroe Islands","FRO","The Faroe Islands maintain one of the best-preserved medieval ballad traditions in Europe. The chain dance (Foroyskur dansur), where participants form a circle and sing unaccompanied ballads while dancing, dates to medieval times and remains a living practice. Kvedi (ballads) narrate heroic tales and historical events. Despite its tiny population, the Faroe Islands have a remarkably active contemporary music scene spanning folk, metal, pop, and electronic genres, often drawing on the islands' dramatic North Atlantic landscape and cultural isolation.",[],[],{"id":421,"name":422,"region":229,"continent":33,"isoCode":423,"description":424,"genres":425,"submissions":426},"7937d78b-53ea-4393-b621-38923b72c7c1","Cambodia","KHM","Cambodia's musical heritage was devastated by the Khmer Rouge regime (1975-1979), which systematically targeted artists and destroyed instruments. The classical tradition, rooted in the Angkorian court, features the pinpeat ensemble accompanying classical dance and shadow puppet theater. Chapei dong veng (long-necked lute) music is a UNESCO-listed tradition of sung storytelling. Khmer traditional music uses distinctive tuning systems. Since the 1990s, Cambodians have worked to reconstruct lost traditions. Cambodian rock and psychedelic pop from the 1960s have been rediscovered internationally.",[],[],{"id":428,"name":429,"region":57,"continent":8,"isoCode":430,"description":431,"genres":432,"submissions":433},"08697078-84fe-40fc-9078-3a406a243852","Spain","ESP","Spain's musical heritage is extraordinarily rich and regionally diverse. Flamenco, the Andalusian art form combining cante (singing), toque (guitar playing), and baile (dance), is inscribed on UNESCO's list and is one of the world's most recognized musical traditions. Beyond flamenco, Spain's regions maintain distinct traditions - Galician gaita bagpipe music, Basque trikitixa (accordion), Catalan sardana, Aragonese jota, and Canarian timple music. Classical guitar was developed in Spain. The country has vibrant pop, rock, hip-hop, and electronic scenes, and its Latin American cultural connections amplify its musical influence globally.",[],[],{"id":435,"name":436,"region":72,"continent":73,"isoCode":437,"description":438,"genres":439,"submissions":440},"f515d271-1e4b-456b-9731-3c87bb93b325","Gambia","GMB","The Gambia's musical culture is dominated by the Mandinka griot tradition, where hereditary musicians called jalis serve as historians, praise singers, and social mediators. The kora, a 21-string harp-lute, is central to Gambian music and the broader Manding cultural sphere. Xalam (a plucked lute) and balafon also feature prominently. The country has a strong tradition of drumming and dance tied to life-cycle ceremonies. Contemporary Gambian music blends Mandinka and Wolof traditions with Afropop and reggae influences.",[],[],{"id":442,"name":443,"region":280,"continent":8,"isoCode":444,"description":445,"genres":446,"submissions":447},"b65248ba-2c7a-42f2-b684-3d8bffdf0625","Denmark","DNK","Denmark's musical heritage includes a strong folk tradition of ballads and fiddle music, with roots in medieval Scandinavian culture. The country has a vibrant contemporary music scene spanning pop, electronic, rock, and jazz. Danish jazz has international recognition. The folk revival movement revitalized traditional music in the 20th century. Denmark's pop music industry has produced globally successful acts. The country also has a significant choral tradition tied to its Lutheran church heritage and the hymnody of N.F.S. Grundtvig.",[],[],{"id":449,"name":450,"region":32,"continent":33,"isoCode":451,"description":452,"genres":453,"submissions":454},"32daaa62-7ab8-4ac8-8d75-3fac6e1daad5","Pakistan","PAK","Pakistan inherits the Hindustani classical tradition of the Indian subcontinent and has developed it distinctively. The country has produced some of the greatest qawwali (Sufi devotional music) performers in history, and qawwali remains a vital living tradition. Regional folk traditions are diverse - Sindhi, Balochi, Pashtun, and Punjabi music each have distinct characteristics. Ghazal (Urdu poetic song) represents a refined semi-classical tradition. Coke Studio Pakistan has become an acclaimed platform for musical fusion. Pakistani pop, rock, and hip-hop scenes are vibrant, and film music (Lollywood) has a strong tradition.",[],[],{"id":456,"name":457,"region":206,"continent":73,"isoCode":458,"description":459,"genres":460,"submissions":461},"27a53d33-58f9-4a09-84f0-40104b5bab0c","South Africa","ZAF","South Africa possesses one of the continent's most dynamic and globally influential music scenes. Zulu isicathamiya choral singing, Xhosa vocal traditions, and Sotho-Tswana music provide deep roots. Township jive, mbaqanga, and marabi emerged from urban Black communities under apartheid. Kwaito defined the post-apartheid era, followed by amapiano, which has become a global dance music phenomenon. The country's jazz tradition produced world-renowned musicians. Gqom, Afrikaans boeremusiek, Cape Malay music, and Indian-influenced styles add further layers to an extraordinarily diverse musical landscape.",[],[],{"id":463,"name":464,"region":229,"continent":33,"isoCode":465,"description":466,"genres":467,"submissions":468},"05e4d7ba-0443-4d23-80d1-40b2e08594b6","Philippines","PHL","The Philippines' music reflects Austronesian, Islamic, Spanish, American, and broader Asian influences. Kulintang gong-chime ensembles in Mindanao and Sulu connect to the wider Southeast Asian bronze tradition. Kundiman, a traditional love song form, and rondalla string ensembles reflect Spanish colonial influence. OPM (Original Pilipino Music) encompasses a wide range of popular genres. The country has strong traditions of choral singing. Indigenous groups like the Kalinga, T'boli, and Mangyan maintain distinct musical practices. Filipino musicians have been prominent throughout Asian popular music.",[],[],{"id":470,"name":471,"region":89,"continent":16,"isoCode":472,"description":473,"genres":474,"submissions":475},"180c4944-1b3e-4806-a026-43bb3c8176bd","Tuvalu","TUV","Tuvalu's musical traditions center on the fatele, a communal song-and-dance performance that is the country's most important musical form. Fatele features call-and-response singing with increasing tempo and intensity, accompanied by rhythmic body movements. Traditional music accompanied fishing, navigation, and community events. Church hymn singing has become deeply integrated into daily life. The te ano (action song) is another traditional form. As one of the world's smallest and most climate-threatened nations, Tuvalu's musical traditions carry particular significance for cultural preservation.",[],[],{"id":477,"name":478,"region":141,"continent":73,"isoCode":479,"description":480,"genres":481,"submissions":482},"f53f98ea-e344-46f3-aec7-43c8c926efa9","Burundi","BDI","Burundi is renowned for its Royal Drummers tradition, the Karyenda, which is inscribed on UNESCO's intangible cultural heritage list. Ensembles of ingoma drums perform highly choreographed routines combining percussion, dance, and acrobatics. Drumming holds deep spiritual and political significance, historically tied to the monarchy. Beyond drumming, Burundi has traditions of ikembe (thumb piano) music, pastoral singing among herding communities, and inanga (trough zither) performance that accompanies historical narrative songs.",[],[],{"id":484,"name":485,"region":15,"continent":16,"isoCode":486,"description":487,"genres":488,"submissions":489},"97ba0b94-2510-41fa-94fb-44724eec9a43","Kiribati","KIR","Kiribati's musical traditions center on te buki (choral sitting dances) and te bino (standing dances) that combine rhythmic body movements with group singing. Music is deeply embedded in community gatherings and celebrations. Traditional music was historically accompanied by rhythmic clapping and body percussion. The ukulele and guitar were adopted from European contact and integrated into local styles. Te katake, a form of competitive song-and-dance performance, remains culturally important. Kiribati's musical traditions are facing challenges from rising sea levels threatening the nation's existence.",[],[],{"id":491,"name":492,"region":280,"continent":8,"isoCode":493,"description":494,"genres":495,"submissions":496},"04b3eb1b-4cfa-4f61-bccf-49836ab540dc","Sweden","SWE","Sweden's musical influence far exceeds what its population might suggest. Traditional folk music features the nyckelharpa (keyed fiddle) and polska dance rhythms. The country became one of the world's leading pop music exporters, with a songwriter-producer tradition that has shaped global pop. Swedish metal, particularly death metal and melodic death metal, has been highly influential. The country has strong jazz, classical, and electronic music scenes. The tradition of allsang (communal singing) reflects music's social role. Sweden's music education system has been credited for nurturing its outsized creative output.",[],[],{"id":498,"name":499,"region":81,"continent":33,"isoCode":500,"description":501,"genres":502,"submissions":503},"ab84b382-ba01-4e47-b1aa-49ac6e9337f1","Lebanon","LBN","Lebanon has historically been one of the most influential musical centers in the Arab world. Beirut served as a major recording and broadcasting hub for Arabic music throughout the 20th century. The country's music blends Levantine Arab traditions with French, Armenian, and Mediterranean influences. Dabke is the signature folk dance form. Lebanese contributions to Arabic art music, pop, and electronic music have been disproportionately influential. The country has a strong tradition of musical theater. Contemporary Beirut's music scene, though disrupted by conflict, remains culturally dynamic.",[],[],{"id":505,"name":506,"region":237,"continent":237,"isoCode":507,"description":508,"genres":509,"submissions":510},"805cc68d-1c3b-448e-95aa-4a8d52ad7950","Brazil","BRA","Brazil is one of the world's great musical civilizations, producing an extraordinary diversity of genres. Samba, originating from Afro-Brazilian communities in Rio de Janeiro, is inscribed on UNESCO's list and anchors Carnival. Bossa nova refined samba with jazz harmonies. The northeastern region produced forro, maracatu, frevo, and baiao. Bahia's African heritage gave rise to axe, Olodum drumming, and capoeira music. MPB (Musica Popular Brasileira) represents a sophisticated art-pop tradition. Sertanejo is Brazil's country music. Funk carioca and Brazilian hip-hop dominate urban popular culture. Indigenous Amazonian peoples maintain distinct musical traditions.",[],[],{"id":512,"name":513,"region":401,"continent":49,"isoCode":514,"description":515,"genres":516,"submissions":517},"4d53d8da-d39c-41e8-b14d-4afb0e4c9d8c","Curacao","CUW","Curacao's music reflects its Afro-Caribbean, Dutch colonial, and Latin American cultural layers. Tumba is the island's signature genre, a rhythmically complex dance music that is central to Carnival celebrations. Seu (harvest festival music) represents agricultural traditions. Tambu, featuring the large tambu drum, is an Afro-Curacaoan tradition with deep cultural roots that was historically suppressed but has been revived. The island's music blends Caribbean, Latin American, and European elements in ways shaped by its unique creole culture. Papiamentu-language music is central to cultural identity.",[],[],{"id":519,"name":520,"region":126,"continent":73,"isoCode":521,"description":522,"genres":523,"submissions":524},"2aacab60-9cd1-4bd4-a4eb-4b13c7950317","Western Sahara","ESH","Western Sahara's musical culture is rooted in Sahrawi Hassaniya traditions shared with Mauritania. The tidinit lute and tbal drum accompany griotic singing traditions. Sahrawi music features call-and-response vocal patterns and poetry recitation set to rhythmic accompaniment. Music plays a central role in social gatherings and the preservation of oral history among the Sahrawi people, particularly in refugee communities where musical practice serves as cultural continuity.",[],[],{"id":526,"name":527,"region":72,"continent":73,"isoCode":528,"description":529,"genres":530,"submissions":531},"2b77bb04-228c-44cb-acdc-4b9ea71554d8","Cabo Verde","CPV","Cabo Verde's island geography has produced a distinctive musical culture that blends West African, Portuguese, and Brazilian influences. Morna, a melancholic song form often compared to Portuguese fado, is the nation's signature genre and was inscribed on UNESCO's intangible cultural heritage list. Coladeira is a livelier dance rhythm. Funana, batuque, and tabanka represent other traditional styles tied to specific islands. The country's musical diaspora has spread its sounds to Portugal, the Netherlands, and the United States.",[],[],{"id":533,"name":534,"region":141,"continent":73,"isoCode":535,"description":536,"genres":537,"submissions":538},"24d76ca1-a76f-4359-b3e0-4bf353dfa933","Mauritius","MUS","Mauritius' music reflects its remarkable cultural diversity - Indian, African, Chinese, French, and Creole traditions coexist on the island. Sega, a dance music of African-Malagasy origin, is the national genre and is inscribed on UNESCO's intangible cultural heritage list. Sega tipik features the ravanne frame drum. Bhojpuri folk songs and Indian film music are widely popular among the Indo-Mauritian majority. Chutney music blends Indian and Creole elements. The island's musical culture is one of the most syncretic in the world.",[],[],{"id":540,"name":541,"region":221,"continent":8,"isoCode":542,"description":543,"genres":544,"submissions":545},"bd6b507d-e088-4159-95e3-4ce0dc1540ed","Belarus","BLR","Belarus' musical traditions draw on East Slavic folk heritage with distinctive regional characteristics. Traditional music features vocal polyphony, the duda (bagpipe), and various string instruments including the tsymbaly (hammered dulcimer). Calendar and ritual songs tied to agricultural cycles are an important folk tradition. The country has a strong choral and classical music tradition developed during the Soviet era. Contemporary Belarusian music includes rock, hip-hop, and electronic genres. Protest songs became culturally significant during political upheavals.",[],[],{"id":547,"name":548,"region":81,"continent":33,"isoCode":549,"description":550,"genres":551,"submissions":552},"830349dd-75bc-4375-b58c-4ea7486bbf7f","Azerbaijan","AZE","Azerbaijan's music centers on the mugham tradition, a sophisticated system of modal improvisation that is inscribed on UNESCO's list. Mugham features the tar (long-necked lute), kamancha (bowed fiddle), and gaval (frame drum) as primary instruments. Ashiq (bardic) traditions of sung poetry are another UNESCO-listed heritage. The country's music reflects both Turkic and Persian influences. Mugham jazz fusion has emerged as a distinctive contemporary form. Azerbaijan also has rich folk traditions tied to regional identities, including music from the Karabakh region.",[],[],{"id":554,"name":555,"region":89,"continent":16,"isoCode":556,"description":557,"genres":558,"submissions":559},"8e34074c-20d5-4913-bad0-501bbd48ae3c","Tonga","TON","Tonga's music is characterized by elaborate polyphonic choral singing, considered among the most sophisticated in the Pacific. The lakalaka, a group dance-song performed at royal occasions, is inscribed on UNESCO's list. The fangufangu (nose flute) is a traditional instrument. Me'etu'upaki, a standing paddle dance, and kailao (war dance) are important performance forms. Tongan church choirs are renowned for their harmonic complexity. Hymn singing, introduced by Methodist missionaries, has been transformed into a distinctly Tongan musical practice. Contemporary Tongan music includes hip-hop and reggae.",[],[],{"id":561,"name":562,"region":72,"continent":73,"isoCode":563,"description":564,"genres":565,"submissions":566},"bfa446e9-8afa-4a6d-a70c-51353c783da8","Guinea-Bissau","GNB","Guinea-Bissau's music blends West African traditions with Portuguese and Cabo Verdean influences from the colonial era. Gumbe, a rhythmic genre originating from Afro-Portuguese cultural interchange, is considered the national music. Tina and ku gumbe are popular dance forms. The country's Mandinka, Balanta, Papel, and Manjaco communities each maintain distinct musical practices tied to initiation ceremonies and harvest celebrations. Contemporary artists often blend traditional rhythms with Afrobeat and Lusophone African pop.",[],[],{"id":568,"name":569,"region":237,"continent":237,"isoCode":570,"description":571,"genres":572,"submissions":573},"8af75686-a95a-460a-b118-54142a6c7af3","Venezuela","VEN","Venezuela's music encompasses diverse Caribbean, Andean, and Llanos (plains) traditions. Joropo, the national music, features the harp, cuatro (four-string guitar), and maracas, with virtuosic playing styles from the plains. Gaita zuliana from Maracaibo is a Christmas-season folk genre. Afro-Venezuelan traditions on the coast include tambor drumming and the San Juan festival music. Salsa has deep roots in Venezuelan popular culture. El Sistema, the country's youth orchestra program, has been globally influential in classical music education. Venezuelan music blends Indigenous, African, and Spanish heritages across its varied geography.",[],[],{"id":575,"name":576,"region":57,"continent":8,"isoCode":577,"description":578,"genres":579,"submissions":580},"1565d2b8-72d0-4d6c-871d-55f15737b24c","San Marino","SMR","San Marino's musical culture is closely aligned with the broader Italian musical tradition, given the microstate's location within Italy. The country participates in the Eurovision Song Contest, which has raised awareness of its small but active music scene. Traditional celebrations and civic ceremonies feature music tied to the republic's medieval heritage. Choral singing and brass band traditions are maintained by local associations. Contemporary San Marinese music largely follows Italian popular trends.",[],[],{"id":582,"name":583,"region":141,"continent":73,"isoCode":584,"description":585,"genres":586,"submissions":587},"38e8676a-0ced-4b81-832a-55f83b84fb73","Kenya","KEN","Kenya's musical culture reflects over 40 ethnic communities and its position as an East African cultural hub. Benga, originating from the Luo people around Lake Victoria, became the country's most influential popular genre. Taarab traditions along the Swahili coast reflect Arab, Indian, and African interchange. Traditional music ranges from Maasai vocal polyphony to Kikuyu folk songs and Mijikenda drumming. Nairobi has emerged as a major music industry center, fostering genres like genge and gengetone. Kenyan gospel music has wide regional influence.",[],[],{"id":589,"name":590,"region":221,"continent":8,"isoCode":591,"description":592,"genres":593,"submissions":594},"15e8a404-4373-4bcf-9294-578459941d65","Hungary","HUN","Hungary's music is shaped by the Magyar folk tradition, which features distinctive pentatonic melodies and rhythmic patterns tied to the Hungarian language's stress patterns. The verbunkos style, originally a military recruitment dance music, influenced Hungarian classical composition. The tarogato (woodwind instrument) and cimbalom are characteristic. Roma musicians have been central to Hungarian musical life for centuries. Contemporary Hungarian music spans folk revival, classical, and popular genres. Csardas, the Hungarian folk dance, remains widely performed.",[],[],{"id":596,"name":597,"region":401,"continent":49,"isoCode":598,"description":599,"genres":600,"submissions":601},"a16cee17-96a6-40bf-83fa-583c5a01078c","Grenada","GRD","Grenada's music reflects its Caribbean Creole heritage with distinct local character. Soca and calypso dominate the Carnival season, which is the island's primary musical event. Jab jab, featuring rhythmic chanting and oil drum percussion, is a distinctly Grenadian Carnival tradition. The country's folk music includes work songs, storytelling songs, and music tied to traditional practices. Shortknee, a masked performance with drumming, has historical significance. Reggae, dancehall, and international pop also influence the contemporary music landscape.",[],[],{"id":603,"name":604,"region":206,"continent":73,"isoCode":605,"description":606,"genres":607,"submissions":608},"6eec5bdc-0006-4f61-8e13-59f456eb37eb","Angola","AGO","Angola's musical life is anchored in deeply rooted dance and song traditions shaped by Kimbundu, Ovimbundu, Bakongo, and other communities, then transformed through Portuguese, Brazilian, Caribbean, and Congolese exchange. Semba became a defining urban style and a major source for later genres such as kizomba and kuduro, while Carnival music, drumming, and musical bows like the hungu remain important cultural threads. Luanda has long been the center of the country's modern popular music, and Angolan styles have had influence far beyond the country's borders.",[],[],{"id":610,"name":611,"region":221,"continent":8,"isoCode":612,"description":613,"genres":614,"submissions":615},"f08a4728-13fd-4e27-93ed-5a5d5da41bc1","Bulgaria","BGR","Bulgaria possesses one of Europe's most distinctive musical traditions, characterized by complex asymmetric rhythms (7\u002F8, 11\u002F8, 15\u002F16), close-interval vocal harmonies, and the unique timbre of the gaida (bagpipe) and kaval (end-blown flute). The Bistritsa Babi tradition of archaic polyphonic singing and the nestinarstvo (fire-dancing ritual with music) are UNESCO-listed. Bulgarian women's choral singing gained global fame. Chalga, a folk-pop genre with Turkish and Roma influences, dominates popular music. The gadulka (bowed string instrument) and tambura (plucked lute) are other characteristic instruments.",[],[],{"id":617,"name":618,"region":57,"continent":8,"isoCode":619,"description":620,"genres":621,"submissions":622},"2f6fc56f-f6a6-410a-8ea9-5ac458079f89","Portugal","PRT","Portugal's most internationally recognized musical tradition is fado, a melancholic urban song genre originating in Lisbon's working-class neighborhoods, inscribed on UNESCO's list. Fado is characterized by the Portuguese guitarra (pear-shaped cittern) and themes of saudade (bittersweet longing). Coimbra fado represents an academic variant. Beyond fado, Portuguese folk music varies by region - from the rustic traditions of Tras-os-Montes to the lighter sounds of the Algarve and Minho. Portugal's colonial connections spread its musical influence to Brazil, Africa, and Asia.",[],[],{"id":624,"name":625,"region":280,"continent":8,"isoCode":626,"description":627,"genres":628,"submissions":629},"c7fd17c6-898b-493c-a82b-5b6d470e1e98","Norway","NOR","Norway's music is shaped by its dramatic fjord landscape and Nordic cultural heritage. The Hardanger fiddle (hardingfele), with its sympathetic resonating strings, produces a distinctive sound central to Norwegian folk music. Stev (short vocal improvisation) and kveding (traditional singing) are important vocal forms. The Sami joik tradition is practiced in northern Norway. Norway contributed significantly to the black metal genre, which became globally influential. The country also has strong jazz, electronic, and contemporary classical scenes. Norwegian folk music experienced a major revival in the late 20th century.",[],[],{"id":631,"name":632,"region":118,"continent":33,"isoCode":633,"description":634,"genres":635,"submissions":636},"993e9ba2-fee9-4ece-97be-5bea95f9775e","Macau","MAC","Macau's musical culture reflects its unique heritage as a former Portuguese colony in China. The enclave blends Cantonese and Portuguese musical traditions in ways found nowhere else. Patua (Macanese Creole) folk songs and theater represent the mixed-heritage Macanese community. Cantonese opera has a strong local presence. Portuguese fado and folk music traditions persist in some cultural contexts. Macau's casino-driven economy has attracted international entertainment, though traditional musical practices of the Macanese community are increasingly rare.",[],[],{"id":638,"name":639,"region":640,"continent":33,"isoCode":641,"description":642,"genres":643,"submissions":644},"9cb698d3-32d5-4a4c-a7a3-5dd41148b0ab","Uzbekistan","Central Asia","UZB","Uzbekistan is a major center of Central Asian classical music, sharing the shashmaqam tradition (UNESCO-listed) with Tajikistan. This elaborate system of six modal suites represents centuries of development in the cultural centers of Bukhara and Samarkand. The tanbur, dutar, and doira (frame drum) are signature instruments. Katta ashula, a powerful vocal genre performed by unaccompanied male singers, is distinctive to the Fergana Valley. Uzbek music reflects the country's position on the Silk Road, blending Persian, Turkic, and broader Islamic musical elements.",[],[],{"id":646,"name":647,"region":126,"continent":73,"isoCode":648,"description":649,"genres":650,"submissions":651},"1515cdf4-56f3-4e8d-9ed0-5f945fc1dac9","Algeria","DZA","Algeria's musical heritage spans Andalusian classical music (malouf and gharnati), Berber folk traditions of the Kabyle and Tuareg peoples, and the devotional gnawa tradition. The country is widely recognized as the birthplace of rai, a genre that emerged in the port city of Oran in the early 20th century, blending folk poetry with modern instrumentation. Chaabi remains a popular urban folk style, while Saharan communities maintain distinct musical practices tied to nomadic life.",[],[],{"id":653,"name":654,"region":118,"continent":33,"isoCode":655,"description":656,"genres":657,"submissions":658},"9a805ad0-6f0e-4d7f-82bb-60e8f0996bef","North Korea","PRK","North Korea's musical culture is shaped by state ideology, with the vast majority of publicly performed music serving political and propaganda purposes. Large-scale revolutionary operas and mass performances are characteristic state cultural productions. Beneath the political overlay, Korean traditional music forms including minyo (folk songs), pansori narrative singing, and instrument traditions like the gayageum and haegeum persist, though adapted to ideological requirements. Pre-division Korean musical heritage is shared with South Korea.",[],[],{"id":660,"name":661,"region":57,"continent":8,"isoCode":662,"description":663,"genres":664,"submissions":665},"01041253-6358-49a1-87e2-61e093c754ab","Kosovo","XKX","Kosovo's musical culture reflects its predominantly Albanian \n  population alongside Serbian, Roma, Turkish, and Bosniak \n  communities. Albanian iso-polyphony — a UNESCO-listed tradition of\n   multi-part vocal music — is central to cultural identity. The \n  lahuta (a one-stringed fiddle) accompanies epic poetry recitation.\n   Roma musicians have historically played a vital role as\n  professional performers at weddings and celebrations. Since\n  independence, a growing contemporary scene has emerged in\n  Pristina, spanning rock, hip-hop, and electronic music.",[],[],{"id":667,"name":668,"region":229,"continent":33,"isoCode":669,"description":670,"genres":671,"submissions":672},"5b4e0575-f9d1-45a4-9a45-62d31f50c564","Brunei","BRN","Brunei's musical traditions reflect its Malay cultural identity and Islamic heritage. Gulingtangan, an ensemble featuring kulintangan (gong chime), is central to ceremonial and court music. Adai-adai are traditional work songs, while syair is a form of sung poetry. The royal court has historically been a patron of traditional music. Islamic devotional music, including various forms of zikir (dhikr), is prominent. Contemporary Bruneian music blends Malay pop with Western influences, though the country's small population limits the scale of its music industry.",[],[],{"id":674,"name":675,"region":676,"continent":16,"isoCode":677,"description":678,"genres":679,"submissions":680},"6cf7c8eb-4768-4042-b6e9-6305a1038e6b","New Zealand","Australia and New Zealand","NZL","New Zealand's music is shaped by Maori and European cultural streams. Maori traditions include waiata, haka, poi performance, and taonga puoro instruments such as putatara, koauau, and purerehua. The haka became globally recognized through the All Blacks rugby team's pre-match performance. European settlement brought folk, country, and choral traditions. New Zealand has produced internationally successful artists across rock, pop, electronic, and hip-hop, with a distinctive Pacific-inflected identity.",[],[],{"id":682,"name":683,"region":206,"continent":73,"isoCode":684,"description":685,"genres":686,"submissions":687},"ad4f04e8-0d46-46ff-9fb8-6357fb854ba1","Eswatini","SWZ","Eswatini (formerly Swaziland) has a strong musical tradition tied to Swazi royal ceremonial life. The annual Umhlanga (Reed Dance) and Incwala ceremonies feature large-scale choral singing and traditional dance. Sibhaca, a vigorous stomping dance, is one of the country's best-known musical traditions. Traditional instruments include various drums, the makhweyane mouth bow, and the ligubhu gourd bow. Contemporary Swazi music blends traditional elements with gospel, kwaito, and South African pop influences. The monarchy's role in cultural preservation keeps traditional music practices active.",[],[],{"id":689,"name":690,"region":72,"continent":73,"isoCode":691,"description":692,"genres":693,"submissions":694},"8873ec11-af6e-4c58-bd9b-644392770624","Togo","TGO","Togo's musical traditions are shaped by its Ewe, Kabye, and Mina ethnic communities, among over 30 groups. Ewe drumming traditions, featuring complex polyrhythmic patterns played on atsimevu and other drums, are studied worldwide for their rhythmic sophistication. Agbadza and borborbor are popular traditional music-dance forms. Highlife and Afrobeat have influenced Togolese popular music, while urban genres incorporate elements of hip-hop and zouk. The country shares many musical traditions with neighboring Ghana and Benin.",[],[],{"id":696,"name":697,"region":57,"continent":8,"isoCode":698,"description":699,"genres":700,"submissions":701},"14c4c4a9-87c1-47c3-818e-69e190e46373","Croatia","HRV","Croatia's music varies significantly between its Mediterranean coast, Pannonian interior, and Dinaric mountain regions. Klapa, a multipart a cappella singing tradition from Dalmatia, is inscribed on UNESCO's list. Tamburica (plucked string) ensembles are characteristic of the Slavonian interior. Istrian music features distinctive narrow-interval vocal scales (istarska ljestvica). The country has a significant contribution to the broader South Slavic popular music tradition and a growing electronic music scene, with festivals drawing international audiences to the Adriatic coast.",[],[],{"id":703,"name":704,"region":221,"continent":8,"isoCode":705,"description":706,"genres":707,"submissions":708},"d65fb7a8-5985-496a-a602-69f40da5f366","Slovakia","SVK","Slovakia's folk music traditions are exceptionally well-preserved, with regional variations between the western lowlands, central mining towns, and eastern Carpathian villages. Fujara, a large overtone flute played by shepherds, is inscribed on UNESCO's list and is a symbol of Slovak identity. The gajdy (bagpipe) and various string instruments feature in ensemble music. Verbunk dance traditions are shared with neighboring cultures. Slovak folk music features complex rhythmic patterns and distinctive vocal ornaments. Contemporary Slovak music includes pop, rock, hip-hop, and a folk revival movement.",[],[],{"id":710,"name":711,"region":81,"continent":33,"isoCode":712,"description":713,"genres":714,"submissions":715},"fe7bc9f9-5776-4c0a-bbb9-6b9beaed6fbb","Yemen","YEM","Yemen has one of the most distinctive and ancient musical traditions in the Arabian Peninsula, relatively isolated from broader Gulf and Levantine Arab influences. The Yemeni song tradition features unique modal structures and rhythmic patterns. San'ani song (ghina san'ani) is a UNESCO-recognized tradition from the capital. The qambus (short-necked lute) and various drums are characteristic instruments. Yemeni Jewish communities maintained distinct liturgical and secular musical traditions before their emigration. The ongoing conflict has severely disrupted but not destroyed musical life.",[],[],{"id":717,"name":718,"region":237,"continent":237,"isoCode":719,"description":720,"genres":721,"submissions":722},"d6ce6de4-99f0-433a-94f7-6c215ea59849","Suriname","SUR","Suriname's music reflects what may be the most ethnically diverse society in South America - Maroon (descendants of escaped African slaves), Creole, Hindustani, Javanese, Chinese, and Indigenous communities coexist. Kaseko is the national popular genre, blending African, European, and Javanese elements. Maroon communities maintain kawina and aleke drumming traditions with deep African roots. Hindustani chutney and baithak gana represent Indian heritage. Javanese gamelan traditions persist. Winti spiritual music features complex polyrhythmic drumming. This cultural convergence produces a uniquely layered musical landscape.",[],[],{"id":724,"name":725,"region":280,"continent":8,"isoCode":726,"description":727,"genres":728,"submissions":729},"113dbdb1-c4df-4318-b565-6c22ae00963d","Estonia","EST","Estonia's musical identity is deeply connected to its tradition of choral singing, symbolized by the Song Festival (Laulupidu), which has been held since 1869 and played a central role in the independence movement ('Singing Revolution'). The runic song (regilaul) tradition, featuring ancient pentatonic melodies, is one of the oldest preserved vocal traditions in Europe. The kannel (plucked zither) is the national instrument. Estonia has a strong contemporary classical music scene and has contributed significantly to choral and minimalist composition.",[],[],{"id":731,"name":732,"region":237,"continent":237,"isoCode":733,"description":734,"genres":735,"submissions":736},"cb0d8efe-7cd6-41b8-a37e-6c405dd85884","Bolivia","BOL","Bolivia's music reflects its Indigenous Quechua, Aymara, and Guarani majority alongside Mestizo and Afro-Bolivian traditions. Andean music, featuring the charango, siku (panpipe), and quena (notched flute), is deeply embedded in communal and ceremonial life. Tinku and morenada are traditional dance-music forms tied to festivals. Saya represents Afro-Bolivian cultural heritage. The Carnival de Oruro, featuring elaborate costumed dance with musical accompaniment, is inscribed on UNESCO's list. Huayno is a widely popular folk genre. Contemporary Bolivian music blends traditional Andean sounds with cumbia, hip-hop, and electronic elements.",[],[],{"id":738,"name":661,"region":57,"continent":8,"isoCode":662,"description":739,"genres":740,"submissions":741},"a23fe2b2-d382-413f-86a1-6c81de221337","Kosovo's music reflects its Albanian majority and Serbian minority communities. Albanian folk traditions feature the cifteli (two-stringed instrument), lahuta (single-string bowed instrument), and distinctive vocal styles. Epic singing accompanied by the lahuta preserves historical narratives. Tallava, a Roma-influenced electronic folk music, is hugely popular. Serbian communities maintain their own folk and church music traditions. The country has a vibrant contemporary music scene including hip-hop, pop, and electronic genres. Music has been an important vehicle for cultural identity and expression.",[],[],{"id":743,"name":744,"region":141,"continent":73,"isoCode":745,"description":746,"genres":747,"submissions":748},"f73ac04c-9d92-42bb-8973-6ceda329c259","Rwanda","RWA","Rwanda's musical heritage centers on traditional drumming, vocal performance, and the inanga (trough zither). The intore dance, combining drumming, choreography, and song, was historically performed at the royal court and remains a national cultural symbol. The 1994 genocide profoundly disrupted musical culture, and post-genocide music has played a role in national reconciliation and healing. Contemporary Rwandan music blends Afrobeat, R&B, and traditional elements. The ingoma drum ensemble tradition continues to be central to ceremonial life.",[],[],{"id":750,"name":751,"region":401,"continent":49,"isoCode":752,"description":753,"genres":754,"submissions":755},"93a4e00a-e8db-4f56-8fb3-6f9d975c845f","Barbados","BRB","Barbados has made outsized musical contributions relative to its small size. The island is the birthplace of Rihanna, who became one of the best-selling artists in history. Crop Over festival music, centered on calypso and soca, is the island's premier musical event. Tuk band, featuring a bass drum, snare drum, and penny whistle, is a distinctly Barbadian folk tradition rooted in the British military band tradition adapted by enslaved Africans. Spouge, a genre blending calypso with ska, was developed in Barbados in the 1960s.",[],[],{"id":757,"name":758,"region":229,"continent":33,"isoCode":759,"description":760,"genres":761,"submissions":762},"5cd21c7d-624f-4b04-9e63-6fdee690218e","Timor-Leste","TLS","Timor-Leste's music reflects its Austronesian roots, Portuguese colonial history, and diverse indigenous cultures across more than 30 ethnolinguistic groups. Likurai, a traditional women's dance with drums, has ceremonial significance. The babadok drum and kakalo'an bamboo instruments are characteristic. Fado influence from the Portuguese era persists in some popular forms. The independence struggle produced a body of resistance songs that remain culturally important. Contemporary Timorese music blends traditional elements with Indonesian, Portuguese, and global pop influences.",[],[],{"id":764,"name":765,"region":89,"continent":16,"isoCode":766,"description":767,"genres":768,"submissions":769},"47032ce7-329d-4048-81ea-6ffe5f8e5359","American Samoa","ASM","American Samoa shares the broader Samoan musical culture with independent Samoa, including communal choral singing, siva dance traditions, and the fire knife dance. Christian hymn singing, particularly in the Congregational Christian Church tradition, is central to community life. The pate (slit drum) is a traditional instrument. American Samoa's connection to the United States introduces additional pop, hip-hop, and R&B influences. The Samoan diaspora's musical contributions, particularly in hip-hop and reggae, are shared across the Samoan cultural world.",[],[],{"id":771,"name":772,"region":81,"continent":33,"isoCode":773,"description":774,"genres":775,"submissions":776},"c576b4c6-07f0-468b-b1f2-7086a3697358","Saudi Arabia","SAU","Saudi Arabia's music reflects the diversity of its vast territory, from Hijazi urban traditions to Bedouin desert songs and the Afro-Arab traditions of the Tihamah coastal plain. Ardha (sword dance with drum accompaniment and chanted poetry) is the national dance. The samri and mizmar are other traditional genres. Historically, public music was restricted under conservative religious interpretations, but recent cultural reforms have dramatically opened space for concerts and musical expression. The country has a growing contemporary music scene, and khaleeji pop has deep roots in Saudi youth culture.",[],[],{"id":778,"name":779,"region":141,"continent":73,"isoCode":780,"description":781,"genres":782,"submissions":783},"2ab1fe98-affc-4498-99ff-71e93cb15319","Somalia","SOM","Somalia's musical culture is inseparable from its rich poetic tradition - Somali is often called a nation of poets. Traditional music features the oud, accompanied by vocal improvisation and poetry recitation. The heello genre, a modern song form, developed in the mid-20th century. Mogadishu's music scene flourished in the 1970s and 1980s with bands blending Somali traditions with funk, disco, and Bollywood influences. The ongoing conflict has disrupted but not extinguished musical life, with diaspora communities maintaining and evolving Somali musical traditions.",[],[],{"id":785,"name":786,"region":81,"continent":33,"isoCode":787,"description":788,"genres":789,"submissions":790},"2b4ddcbe-7f95-4720-b96c-73659b1c273c","Northern Cyprus","CYN","Northern Cyprus shares the broader Cypriot musical heritage \n  while maintaining a distinct Turkish Cypriot identity. Traditional\n   music includes the saz (long-necked lute) and davul-zurna \n  ensembles used at weddings and folk festivals. Turkish Cypriot \n  folk songs reflect Anatolian roots blended with island influences.\n   The mani tradition — improvised couplets traded between singers —\n   is a shared feature of both Greek and Turkish Cypriot culture.",[],[],{"id":792,"name":793,"region":149,"continent":73,"isoCode":794,"description":795,"genres":796,"submissions":797},"48d2649e-5688-41e7-823f-7379a4d0a333","Chad","TCD","Chad's music reflects its position between the Saharan north and the tropical south. Sara people in the south maintain rich drumming and balafon traditions, while northern Arab and Toubou communities feature oud-based music and devotional singing. The hu-hu (a bowed string instrument) is distinctive to Chadian music. Sai, a popular urban genre, blends traditional rhythms with modern influences. The country's musical diversity spans over 200 ethnic groups, though political instability has limited documentation and development of its musical heritage.",[],[],{"id":799,"name":800,"region":401,"continent":49,"isoCode":801,"description":802,"genres":803,"submissions":804},"9ff0feb1-bb0a-47fd-9061-754f6af75d75","Guadeloupe","GLP","Guadeloupe, along with Martinique, is a birthplace of zouk. The island also has a rich tradition of gwo ka, a drum-based music and dance form rooted in the slave experience that is inscribed on UNESCO's list. Seven rhythmic patterns (toumblak, kaladja, graj, lewoz, padjanbel, woule, and mende) form the gwo ka repertoire. Quadrille, blending European dance with Creole adaptations, is another traditional form. Carnival in Guadeloupe features elaborate musical performances. The island's music reflects its distinct Creole identity within the French Caribbean.",[],[],{"id":806,"name":807,"region":24,"continent":16,"isoCode":808,"description":809,"genres":810,"submissions":811},"94fe2bf5-87e2-4dab-875a-75fddc1c2a9b","Vanuatu","VUT","Vanuatu's music is extraordinarily diverse for its small population, reflecting the cultural variety of its 83 inhabited islands and over 100 languages. Traditional music includes sand-drawing songs, water music (women creating rhythmic splashing patterns in shallow water in northern islands), and tamtam (slit drum) ensembles. The Naghol (land diving) ceremony of Pentecost Island has associated chants. String band music, performed with guitars and ukuleles, is the most popular contemporary form. Vanuatu's diverse kastom (custom) practices each have distinct musical accompaniments.",[],[],{"id":813,"name":814,"region":401,"continent":49,"isoCode":815,"description":816,"genres":817,"submissions":818},"5c6a4fe3-c5c2-4817-ad52-769f0436d6dd","Puerto Rico","PRI","Puerto Rico has been a powerhouse of Latin music innovation. The island is a major center of salsa, which developed from Cuban son with New York Puerto Rican contributions. Bomba and plena are distinctly Puerto Rican Afro-Caribbean genres - bomba features call-and-response drumming rooted in the slave experience, while plena serves as a sung newspaper of community events. Reggaeton was largely developed on the island, becoming one of the 21st century's most commercially successful global genres. Puerto Rico's musica jibara (mountain folk music) represents the island's rural Spanish-African heritage.",[],[],{"id":820,"name":821,"region":401,"continent":49,"isoCode":822,"description":823,"genres":824,"submissions":825},"c627c1ff-7de4-4275-8907-7749e6671f39","Haiti","HTI","Haiti's musical culture is among the most distinctive and influential in the Caribbean. Vodou ceremonial music, featuring complex polyrhythmic drumming on the rada and petro drum batteries, preserves deep West African (particularly Fon and Yoruba) spiritual traditions. Rara, a Lenten processional music featuring bamboo trumpets (vaksin) and tin horns, is a uniquely Haitian genre. Kompa (compas), developed in the mid-20th century, is the dominant popular music. Haitian music has influenced genres across the Caribbean and in African popular music, particularly in Francophone Africa.",[],[],{"id":827,"name":828,"region":229,"continent":33,"isoCode":829,"description":830,"genres":831,"submissions":832},"42467ad3-3b00-4764-8081-77e9f5aee75c","Laos","LAO","Laos' musical culture centers on the khene, a bamboo mouth organ that is the national instrument and forms the basis of lam, the country's predominant vocal tradition. Lam encompasses numerous regional styles - lam saravane, lam tangvai, lam siphandone - each with distinct melodic and rhythmic characteristics. The mor lam tradition of improvisational singing is shared with northeastern Thailand (Isan). Court music, influenced by both Khmer and Thai traditions, features the classical piphat ensemble. Laos' diverse ethnic minorities maintain separate instrumental and vocal traditions.",[],[],{"id":834,"name":835,"region":15,"continent":16,"isoCode":836,"description":837,"genres":838,"submissions":839},"eb569715-73ef-419a-9fa7-783862d95402","Nauru","NRU","Nauru's musical traditions, among the least documented in the Pacific, include traditional chants and dances that were historically tied to fishing, warfare, and social ceremonies. The devastating environmental impact of phosphate mining disrupted many cultural practices. Christian hymn singing, introduced by missionaries in the early 20th century, has become the most prominent form of communal music. Contemporary Nauruan music is influenced by Australian, New Zealand, and broader Pacific popular music. The country's small population and environmental challenges affect cultural continuity.",[],[],{"id":841,"name":842,"region":126,"continent":73,"isoCode":843,"description":844,"genres":845,"submissions":846},"fb2574a5-c8b2-4da3-b1c7-79af2b4ad10d","Libya","LBY","Libya's music reflects Berber, Arab, and Tuareg cultural influences across its diverse geography. Traditional Libyan music features the maluf style in the coastal cities, an Andalusian-derived classical form. Tuareg communities in the south maintain distinct percussion and vocal traditions tied to Saharan nomadic life. Urban popular music blends Arabic pop forms with local folk elements. The zurna and darbuka are prominent traditional instruments.",[],[],{"id":848,"name":849,"region":81,"continent":33,"isoCode":850,"description":851,"genres":852,"submissions":853},"f1483669-5799-401c-9383-7d368420e51c","Bahrain","BHR","Bahrain's musical traditions reflect its Gulf Arab identity and its historical role as a pearl-diving center. Fidjeri, the songs of pearl divers, is a distinctive genre featuring complex rhythms and call-and-response vocal patterns that accompanied the diving seasons. The oud, mirwas drum, and various percussion instruments feature prominently. Bahrain has been a regional center for khaleeji (Gulf) pop music. The country also maintains Shia devotional music traditions and has diverse communities including Baharna, Ajam, and Huwala, each contributing musical elements.",[],[],{"id":855,"name":856,"region":126,"continent":73,"isoCode":857,"description":858,"genres":859,"submissions":860},"e0ea3a22-d0fe-4de8-b767-7de961eaa887","Morocco","MAR","Morocco hosts one of the most diverse musical landscapes in North Africa. Andalusian classical music (al-ala) thrives in northern cities, while gnawa music - rooted in sub-Saharan spiritual traditions - is centered in Essaouira and Marrakech. Berber (Amazigh) communities across the Atlas Mountains, Rif, and Souss regions maintain distinct folk traditions including ahwash and ahidous. Chaabi is the predominant urban popular music. The country's musical identity reflects centuries of Arab, Berber, sub-Saharan African, and Andalusian interchange.",[],[],{"id":862,"name":863,"region":676,"continent":16,"isoCode":864,"description":865,"genres":866,"submissions":867},"6dec4c5b-6cd1-466c-a6bd-7e053816c210","Australia","AUS","Australia's music encompasses Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander traditions - among the oldest continuous musical cultures on earth - alongside the musical heritage of European settlement and multicultural immigration. The didgeridoo (yidaki), played by Aboriginal peoples of northern Australia, produces a distinctive drone and is one of the world's oldest wind instruments. Songlines encode geographic and spiritual knowledge in musical form. European-Australian traditions include bush ballads and folk songs. The country has produced globally influential rock, pop, punk, electronic, and hip-hop music.",[],[],{"id":869,"name":870,"region":7,"continent":8,"isoCode":871,"description":872,"genres":873,"submissions":874},"ccc7dc29-dac8-4339-98b2-7e78fe101860","Switzerland","CHE","Switzerland's music reflects its four linguistic regions - German, French, Italian, and Romansh - each with distinct traditions. Alpine music, including yodeling (Jodelgesang), alphorn playing, and Landler folk music, is internationally associated with Swiss identity. The country has made significant contributions to electronic music and has a strong classical and jazz tradition. Basel's Fasnacht features distinctive fife-and-drum ensembles. Switzerland's position at the center of Europe has made it a meeting point for diverse musical influences.",[],[],{"id":876,"name":877,"region":149,"continent":73,"isoCode":878,"description":879,"genres":880,"submissions":881},"1d8f81d5-9977-472d-b6d2-7fba22394bad","Sao Tome and Principe","STP","Sao Tome and Principe's music reflects the island nation's history of Portuguese colonization and African slave labor. Sssua and socope are traditional dance-music genres with roots in plantation-era social gatherings. Dexa and puita feature distinctive rhythmic patterns played on improvised instruments. The country's music blends Central African, West African, and Portuguese elements into a unique Creole island sound. Tchiloli, a musical theatrical tradition combining Renaissance-era Portuguese drama with African performance elements, is a remarkable cultural hybrid.",[],[],{"id":883,"name":884,"region":149,"continent":73,"isoCode":885,"description":886,"genres":887,"submissions":888},"a3a70053-c494-4d61-8218-8124c68183da","Central African Republic","CAF","The Central African Republic is home to the Aka (BaAka) Pygmy people, whose vocal polyphony is recognized as one of the most complex and ancient musical traditions on earth. Aka singing features intricate interlocking vocal patterns, yodeling, and hocketing techniques that have fascinated ethnomusicologists. Beyond the Aka, the country's Banda, Gbaya, and other groups maintain their own drumming, xylophone, and vocal traditions. Sanza (thumb piano) music is widespread. Contemporary urban music blends Central African rhythms with Congolese soukous and other regional influences.",[],[],{"id":890,"name":891,"region":57,"continent":8,"isoCode":892,"description":893,"genres":894,"submissions":895},"d6dfb034-550b-47ea-9a07-81daa9a301f0","North Macedonia","MKD","North Macedonia's music features the complex asymmetric rhythms characteristic of Balkan folk traditions. Time signatures like 7\u002F8, 11\u002F8, and 15\u002F16 are common in traditional dance music. The zurla (oboe) and tapan (large drum) ensemble is a distinctive sound. Calgija, an urban Ottoman-influenced ensemble music, features the oud, violin, and kanun. Roma communities have been influential in Macedonian music. The country's folk music is closely tied to dance traditions (oro). Contemporary music includes pop-folk, rock, and hip-hop, blending Balkan, Turkish, and Western elements.",[],[],{"id":897,"name":898,"region":640,"continent":33,"isoCode":899,"description":900,"genres":901,"submissions":902},"3e4419af-f308-477f-8153-84455b8ae132","Tajikistan","TJK","Tajikistan shares the Persian musical heritage of shashmaqam, a refined classical tradition of six modal suites (maqams) that developed in the cities of Bukhara and Samarkand. Shashmaqam is inscribed on UNESCO's list as a shared heritage with Uzbekistan. The dutar, tanbur, and ghijak are primary instruments. Falak, a genre of mountain folk songs characterized by melancholic vocal lines, reflects the experience of life in the Pamir highlands. Tajik music bridges Persian, Turkic, and broader Central Asian traditions.",[],[],{"id":904,"name":905,"region":81,"continent":33,"isoCode":906,"description":907,"genres":908,"submissions":909},"c1f62c49-a3ed-4767-bd25-85ac3221927b","Syria","SYR","Syria has been one of the most important centers of Arabic musical civilization. Aleppo was historically a major hub of the wasla (classical suite) tradition, and the Aleppo muwashshah (sung poetry) tradition is renowned. The country shares dabke folk dance traditions with the broader Levant. Kurdish, Assyrian, Armenian, and Circassian communities contribute additional musical layers. The oud, qanun, and nay are central instruments. The devastating civil war since 2011 has displaced millions and disrupted cultural life, though Syrian musicians in diaspora continue to innovate.",[],[],{"id":911,"name":912,"region":280,"continent":8,"isoCode":913,"description":914,"genres":915,"submissions":916},"fa10a39f-7abb-4fa1-bfd2-894d8df4af59","Ireland","IRL","Ireland possesses one of Europe's richest and most internationally influential folk music traditions. Irish traditional music (sean-nos singing, jigs, reels, and airs) is a living practice maintained through sessions and festivals. The uilleann pipes, fiddle, tin whistle, bodhran, and concertina are signature instruments. Irish music profoundly influenced American country, bluegrass, and Appalachian folk traditions through emigration. The country has also been influential in rock, punk, and contemporary popular music. Irish step dance, with its percussive rhythmic element, represents another facet of musical culture.",[],[],{"id":918,"name":919,"region":221,"continent":8,"isoCode":920,"description":921,"genres":922,"submissions":923},"f7603a20-a0c7-4f27-b2ad-896dd520472a","Czechia","CZE","Czechia's musical culture includes a strong classical tradition - the country produced major Romantic and modern composers. Bohemian and Moravian folk music feature distinct regional characteristics, with Moravia preserving richer vocal folk traditions including verbukk (men's recruitment dance, UNESCO-listed). The cimbal (hammered dulcimer) ensemble is characteristic of Moravian folk music. Polka originated partly from Bohemian folk dance traditions. Czechia has a vibrant rock, jazz, and electronic music scene. The country's brass band tradition and beer-garden music are culturally significant.",[],[],{"id":925,"name":926,"region":81,"continent":33,"isoCode":927,"description":928,"genres":929,"submissions":930},"f01ce580-a1a2-44db-b9e3-89ce7dfb6243","Kuwait","KWT","Kuwait's music reflects its Gulf Arab maritime heritage and the pearl-diving industry that historically sustained the economy. Fann al-bahri (sea music), including fidjeri diving songs, is a distinctive tradition. The sawt genre, featuring oud and mirwas drum, developed as a sophisticated urban art music form influenced by East African, Indian, and broader Arab traditions. Kuwait has been an important center for khaleeji (Gulf) popular music. The country's oil wealth has supported arts patronage and a vibrant modern music scene.",[],[],{"id":932,"name":933,"region":141,"continent":73,"isoCode":934,"description":935,"genres":936,"submissions":937},"bf0593e6-d492-40c8-b964-8a4865e5bc9b","Seychelles","SYC","Seychelles' music reflects the island nation's Creole identity blending African, French, and British influences. Moutya, a drum-and-dance tradition rooted in the slave experience, was historically suppressed but has been revived as a symbol of Creole heritage and is inscribed on UNESCO's list. Sega is widely popular and shares roots with the Mauritian and Reunionnais traditions. Kontredans (contradance) shows European colonial influence. Creole-language popular music incorporates reggae, zouk, and samba alongside local forms.",[],[],{"id":939,"name":940,"region":401,"continent":49,"isoCode":941,"description":942,"genres":943,"submissions":944},"69cb4ff8-4a68-4fc4-8cb1-8a876147c79d","Trinidad and Tobago","TTO","Trinidad and Tobago has made extraordinary contributions to world music. The steelpan (steel drum), invented in Trinidad in the 1930s-40s from oil drums, is the only major acoustic instrument invented in the 20th century. Calypso, with its tradition of social commentary and verbal wit, originated here. Soca (soul of calypso) is the dominant Carnival music. Chutney music, blending Indian and Caribbean elements, reflects the large Indo-Trinidadian population. Parang (Venezuelan-influenced Christmas music), rapso, and Orisha (Afro-Trinidadian spiritual music) add further layers to an astonishingly rich musical landscape.",[],[],{"id":946,"name":947,"region":72,"continent":73,"isoCode":948,"description":949,"genres":950,"submissions":951},"5bedbf3c-a10c-4591-a18b-8bbf7d50dfd1","Burkina Faso","BFA","Burkina Faso's musical landscape is shaped by its Mossi, Mande, and Fulani ethnic communities. The balafon (wooden xylophone) is a central instrument in Mande traditions, while the djembe and talking drum are prominent across the country. Griot traditions of oral history through music remain vital. The country hosts SIAO and other cultural festivals that celebrate regional musical diversity. Contemporary artists have developed a distinctive Burkinabe popular music blending traditional rhythms with modern production.",[],[],{"id":953,"name":954,"region":141,"continent":73,"isoCode":955,"description":956,"genres":957,"submissions":958},"364f12a3-0513-40e0-ac44-8bec485b4041","Eritrea","ERI","Eritrea's nine ethnic groups each maintain distinct musical traditions, creating a diverse sonic landscape for a small nation. Tigrinya music features the krar (lyre) and kebero (drum), while Kunama traditions include complex polyphonic singing and the distinctive shellela dance-song form. Tigre, Saho, and Bilen communities contribute additional vocal and instrumental practices. The country's music was profoundly shaped by the thirty-year independence struggle, which produced a body of revolutionary songs that remain culturally significant.",[],[],{"id":960,"name":961,"region":118,"continent":33,"isoCode":962,"description":963,"genres":964,"submissions":965},"c7044645-539b-43c9-9deb-8de01fb8d7de","Hong Kong","HKG","Hong Kong developed a distinctive musical identity through its position as a cultural crossroads between Chinese tradition and Western modernity. Cantopop, emerging in the 1970s, became one of Asia's most commercially successful popular music genres, with influence extending throughout the Chinese-speaking world and Southeast Asia. The city also maintains Cantonese opera traditions and a vibrant jazz and classical music scene. Western pop, rock, and electronic music coexist with Chinese musical forms in a densely layered urban soundscape.",[],[],{"id":967,"name":968,"region":141,"continent":73,"isoCode":969,"description":970,"genres":971,"submissions":972},"11bf68ae-7bdf-474f-93c0-90a4eccc66bf","South Sudan","SSD","South Sudan's music reflects the traditions of its Dinka, Nuer, Shilluk, and other Nilotic peoples. Cattle-herding songs, age-set chants, and ceremonial dance music are central to traditional life. The Dinka have elaborate vocal traditions tied to cattle culture, while the Azande of the southwest maintain distinct xylophone and harp traditions. Music played a significant role in the independence movement. Contemporary South Sudanese music blends local traditions with East African and Congolese popular influences, though ongoing instability has constrained cultural development.",[],[],{"id":974,"name":975,"region":141,"continent":73,"isoCode":976,"description":977,"genres":978,"submissions":979},"1d126437-a212-4dcc-8a8a-91963e154971","Uganda","UGA","Uganda's musical culture is among the most diverse in East Africa, with the Baganda, Acholi, Iteso, and other groups maintaining distinct traditions. The Buganda kingdom's court music features the amadinda and akadinda log xylophones, which employ complex interlocking patterns studied by ethnomusicologists worldwide. The endongo (bow lyre) and engalabi (long drum) are key instruments. Kadongo Kamu (one guitar) emerged as a popular music form. Contemporary Ugandan music includes Afrobeats, dancehall, and kidandali, a fusion of traditional rhythms and modern production.",[],[],{"id":981,"name":982,"region":330,"continent":49,"isoCode":983,"description":984,"genres":985,"submissions":986},"ff600a4e-e868-435d-835e-921feb4da320","Nicaragua","NIC","Nicaragua's music blends Indigenous, Spanish, and Afro-Caribbean elements. Son nica, the national folk genre, features the marimba de arco (gourd marimba) and guitar. The Palo de Mayo (Maypole) festival on the Caribbean coast features Afro-Nicaraguan dance music with strong rhythmic drive. The Gueguense, a satirical musical drama of Indigenous-colonial origin, is inscribed on UNESCO's list. Mazurca and polka influences from European immigration are heard in some regions. Contemporary Nicaraguan music includes cumbia, reggaeton, and various Latin pop styles.",[],[],{"id":988,"name":989,"region":401,"continent":49,"isoCode":990,"description":991,"genres":992,"submissions":993},"0c1ee1fb-a01e-4b17-9a0d-927cfe242993","Antigua and Barbuda","ATG","Antigua and Barbuda's music reflects the Caribbean blend of African, European, and indigenous influences. Calypso and soca are popular genres tied to Carnival celebrations. Benna, a call-and-response folk song tradition, has historically served as a vehicle for social commentary and news dissemination. Steelpan music, shared with the wider Caribbean, is prominent. Reggae, dancehall, and bouyon influences from neighboring islands also shape the musical landscape. The country's annual Carnival is the primary showcase for musical performance.",[],[],{"id":995,"name":996,"region":81,"continent":33,"isoCode":997,"description":998,"genres":999,"submissions":1000},"492d7534-a281-45ad-9f53-938d8a3fe05a","Turkey","TUR","Turkey's musical heritage spans Ottoman classical music, with its sophisticated makam modal system and usul rhythmic cycles; Anatolian folk traditions of extraordinary regional diversity; and the mystical music of Sufi orders, particularly the Mevlevi sema ceremony. The saz (baylama) is the signature folk instrument. Arabesk, a genre blending Turkish and Arabic styles, has been hugely popular since the 1970s. Turkey's music reflects its position bridging European and Middle Eastern traditions. Contemporary Turkish music includes pop, rock, hip-hop, and electronic genres alongside thriving traditional and classical scenes.",[],[],{"id":1002,"name":1003,"region":280,"continent":8,"isoCode":1004,"description":1005,"genres":1006,"submissions":1007},"ad0d53d8-1c8d-4d60-880a-94904f3f5266","United Kingdom","GBR","The United Kingdom has been one of the most influential forces in global popular music. England's contribution includes the British Invasion, punk, new wave, Britpop, grime, and electronic dance music. Scotland maintains distinct traditions of bagpipe music, Gaelic song, and fiddle playing. Wales has a strong choral and eisteddfod tradition, and the triple harp is its national instrument. Northern Ireland shares Irish traditional music heritage. The UK's folk revival, club culture, and recording industry have repeatedly reshaped international popular music. London remains one of the world's primary music capitals.",[],[],{"id":1009,"name":1010,"region":401,"continent":49,"isoCode":1011,"description":1012,"genres":1013,"submissions":1014},"799bca1f-6f75-479f-9121-96c1d4c18330","Dominican Republic","DOM","The Dominican Republic is the birthplace of merengue and bachata, two of the most globally popular Latin music genres. Merengue, featuring the tambora drum, guira (metal scraper), and accordion, is the national music and is inscribed on UNESCO's list. Bachata originated as guitar-based romantic music in rural communities before becoming an international dance music phenomenon. Palo (Afro-Dominican sacred drumming), gaga (processional music), and salve (devotional singing) represent deeper African-rooted traditions. Dembow, the Dominican variant of reggaeton, has gained significant international traction.",[],[],{"id":1016,"name":1017,"region":32,"continent":33,"isoCode":1018,"description":1019,"genres":1020,"submissions":1021},"a1604075-f547-463f-8422-970bf9f64ad5","Bangladesh","BGD","Bangladesh's music is deeply rooted in the Bengali literary and poetic tradition. Rabindra Sangeet (songs of Rabindranath Tagore) and Nazrul Geeti form a foundational art music canon. Baul mystical folk music, performed by wandering singer-philosophers, is a UNESCO-inscribed tradition. The country has rich traditions of Lalon's spiritual songs, bhatiali (boatmen's songs), and jari\u002Fsari folk forms. Classical music follows the North Indian Hindustani tradition. Bangladeshi popular music includes Bangla rock, pop, and hip-hop, with the Dhallywood film industry producing its own soundtrack tradition.",[],[],{"id":1023,"name":1024,"region":81,"continent":33,"isoCode":1025,"description":1026,"genres":1027,"submissions":1028},"95ab069a-29b8-490f-bb0f-974a5cd6dd1c","Georgia","GEO","Georgia possesses one of the world's most remarkable polyphonic singing traditions, inscribed on UNESCO's list as a Masterpiece of Intangible Heritage. Georgian three-part vocal polyphony, with its complex dissonant harmonies, is distinct from any other vocal tradition globally. Regional singing styles - Svaneti, Kakheti, Guria - each have unique characteristics. Traditional instruments include the panduri and chonguri (lutes), salamuri (flute), and doli (drum). Georgian liturgical polyphony is among the oldest Christian musical traditions. The country's music is a source of deep national identity.",[],[],{"id":1030,"name":1031,"region":401,"continent":49,"isoCode":1032,"description":1033,"genres":1034,"submissions":1035},"51bba787-4a66-41f9-bffd-9aa4219651e4","Saint Lucia","LCA","Saint Lucia's music reflects its French Creole and British colonial heritage. Kweyol (Creole) folk music features drums (ka), the banjo, and the tibwa (sticks). Sewinal is a traditional Christmas folk genre. The country has a strong calypso and soca tradition tied to Carnival. Zouk and bouyon from the Francophone Caribbean are also influential. Dennery Segment, a fast-paced soca subgenre originating from the town of Dennery, has gained popularity across the Eastern Caribbean. Saint Lucia's annual Jazz Festival is a major cultural event.",[],[],{"id":1037,"name":1038,"region":81,"continent":33,"isoCode":1039,"description":1040,"genres":1041,"submissions":1042},"8a723334-0716-4d7f-9c75-9e5d36dfb0b9","United Arab Emirates","ARE","The UAE's musical traditions reflect Bedouin, maritime, and oasis cultures of the Arabian Peninsula. Al-ayyala, a traditional performance combining poetry, music, and dance, is inscribed on UNESCO's list. Pearl-diving songs (nahma) recall the pre-oil economy. Liwa and fann al-leiwah traditions show East African cultural connections, particularly in the coastal emirates. The oud, rababa, and various drums are traditional instruments. The UAE's wealth has funded major music venues and festivals, and Dubai and Abu Dhabi serve as regional hubs for Arabic and international pop music.",[],[],{"id":1044,"name":1045,"region":72,"continent":73,"isoCode":1046,"description":1047,"genres":1048,"submissions":1049},"2c55f4bd-7b58-4258-828a-9e7d20305f30","Cote d'Ivoire","CIV","Cote d'Ivoire has long been a major hub of West African popular music. Abidjan became a recording center for the region, fostering genres like zouglou, which emerged from university student culture in the 1990s. Coupe-decale later became a continental dance phenomenon. Musical life also varies by ethnic community, including Baoule, Senufo, Dan, and Bete traditions, with balafon and drum ensembles prominent in many regions.",[],[],{"id":1051,"name":1052,"region":118,"continent":33,"isoCode":1053,"description":1054,"genres":1055,"submissions":1056},"40629805-1ab9-442f-a74e-a013d41ffd12","Mongolia","MNG","Mongolia's music is defined by the vast steppe landscape and nomadic pastoral life. Khoomei (throat singing), in which a single vocalist produces multiple simultaneous pitches, is one of the world's most distinctive vocal techniques and is inscribed on UNESCO's list. The morin khuur (horse-head fiddle) is the national instrument, central to Mongolian identity. Long song (urtyn duu), with its extended melodic phrases, is another UNESCO-recognized tradition. Traditional music accompanies every aspect of nomadic life, from herding to Naadam festival celebrations.",[],[],{"id":1058,"name":1059,"region":237,"continent":237,"isoCode":1060,"description":1061,"genres":1062,"submissions":1063},"7dba72d2-fc50-4a88-a03e-a20e1d784ebe","Uruguay","URY","Uruguay shares the tango tradition with Argentina - Montevideo claims a role in tango's origins. Candombe, an Afro-Uruguayan drum tradition performed by comparsas (drumming ensembles) during Carnival, is inscribed on UNESCO's list and is central to national identity. Three drums (piano, chico, and repique) create complex interlocking rhythms with deep African roots. Murga, a form of musical theater performed during Carnival, features satirical songs and elaborate harmonies. Milonga, payada (improvised sung poetry), and folk traditions from the rural interior complement the urban musical landscape.",[],[],{"id":1065,"name":1066,"region":330,"continent":49,"isoCode":1067,"description":1068,"genres":1069,"submissions":1070},"da9e95c5-3a26-4a50-bfb0-a3708649da87","El Salvador","SLV","El Salvador's music is rooted in the fusion of Indigenous Pipil, Spanish, and African traditions. Cumbia salvadorena is the most popular dance music form. The country shares the broader Central American marimba tradition, though its use has declined in recent decades. Xuc, named after the native bird, is a traditional dance rhythm. The civil war (1979-1992) produced a significant body of protest music (nueva cancion). Contemporary Salvadoran music includes cumbia, reggaeton, hip-hop, and a growing independent scene. Pupusa culture and festive traditions are accompanied by distinctive musical practices.",[],[],{"id":1072,"name":1073,"region":72,"continent":73,"isoCode":1074,"description":1075,"genres":1076,"submissions":1077},"77b9eac7-aa65-4749-8ead-a393336a3399","Senegal","SEN","Senegal has been one of West Africa's leading musical nations since independence. Mbalax, developed from Wolof sabar drumming traditions fused with Cuban and pop influences, is the country's dominant popular genre. The griot tradition remains vital, with the tama (talking drum) and xalam lute as key instruments. Dakar emerged as a major African music industry center. Senegal's Mouride Sufi brotherhood has a rich tradition of devotional singing. The country's musical innovations include contributions to Afro-Cuban jazz and hip-hop.",[],[],{"id":1079,"name":1080,"region":401,"continent":49,"isoCode":1081,"description":1082,"genres":1083,"submissions":1084},"4a36a435-4080-4261-bde3-a642722bc4e0","Bahamas","BHS","The Bahamas has distinctive musical traditions shaped by its island geography and African, British, and Caribbean heritage. Junkanoo, the country's most important cultural festival, features goat-skin drums, cowbells, brass instruments, and elaborate costumed parades - the music is rhythmically complex and communally created. Rake-and-scrape, featuring the saw, accordion, and goat-skin drum, is the national folk music. The Bahamas has also contributed to the development of calypso and goombay, a drum-based rhythm that influenced Caribbean popular music.",[],[],{"id":1086,"name":1087,"region":7,"continent":8,"isoCode":1088,"description":1089,"genres":1090,"submissions":1091},"e98f0f1c-5c8c-4717-9ddc-a7651ea520a4","Belgium","BEL","Belgium's music reflects its linguistic and cultural division between Dutch-speaking Flanders, French-speaking Wallonia, and the German-speaking east. The country has been a major center of electronic dance music, producing influential techno and new beat scenes from the 1980s onward. Jazz has a strong tradition, particularly in Brussels. Belgian chanson (French-language song) and Flemish folk music represent distinct regional identities. The country's brass band tradition is strong. Contemporary Belgian hip-hop scenes exist in both French and Dutch. Carillon (bell tower) music is a UNESCO-listed Belgian tradition.",[],[],{"id":1093,"name":1094,"region":206,"continent":73,"isoCode":1095,"description":1096,"genres":1097,"submissions":1098},"7aaa35cf-193e-4735-a747-a8e5b671f219","Lesotho","LSO","Lesotho's music is predominantly shaped by Basotho cultural traditions. Famo, a genre featuring the accordion, bass, and drum set alongside Sesotho vocal styles, is the country's most distinctive popular music. The lekolulo (end-blown flute) and setolo-tolo (mouth bow) are signature Basotho instruments, traditionally played by herders in the mountainous terrain. Mohobelo (men's dance) and mokhibo (women's dance) are prominent traditional performance forms. Choral singing, influenced by both indigenous traditions and Christian missionary music, is widely practiced.",[],[],{"id":1100,"name":1101,"region":24,"continent":16,"isoCode":1102,"description":1103,"genres":1104,"submissions":1105},"9bc7469c-7d13-414b-bfee-a9821f3ad775","Papua New Guinea","PNG","Papua New Guinea hosts the world's greatest concentration of linguistic and cultural diversity, with over 800 languages and correspondingly diverse musical traditions. Kundu (hourglass drum) ensembles, garamut (slit drum) communication systems, bamboo orchestras, and elaborate sing-sing ceremonial performances are prominent. The Sepik region, Highlands, and coastal areas each have distinct musical cultures. Music is deeply embedded in ceremonial life, initiation rites, and spirit communication. Contemporary PNG music includes string band music (guitar-based popular music with local rhythmic patterns) and hip-hop in Tok Pisin.",[],[],{"id":1107,"name":1108,"region":330,"continent":49,"isoCode":1109,"description":1110,"genres":1111,"submissions":1112},"dfa536d4-1780-42a1-8704-af3cf0e40c1d","Panama","PAN","Panama's music reflects its position as a crossroads of Caribbean, South American, and Central American cultures. Tipico (also called pindin) is the national folk music, featuring the accordion and mejorana (small guitar). The tamborito is the national dance, accompanied by drums and vocal call-and-response. Panama has strong African-rooted traditions in Darien and the Caribbean coast, including Congo music tied to the descendants of escaped slaves. The country played a significant role in the development of reggaeton, which evolved from Jamaican dancehall via Panamanian reggae en espanol.",[],[],{"id":1114,"name":1115,"region":401,"continent":49,"isoCode":1116,"description":1117,"genres":1118,"submissions":1119},"9c0af5ac-0763-4705-bf19-b04ada44fcb8","Jamaica","JAM","Jamaica has produced perhaps the most globally influential music of any small nation. Reggae, developed from ska and rocksteady in the late 1960s, became a worldwide phenomenon and a vehicle for Rastafarian spirituality and social justice themes. Dancehall emerged in the 1980s as a harder-edged successor. Jamaican sound system culture pioneered DJ culture and laid foundations for hip-hop. Mento, the island's indigenous folk music, combines African and European elements. Nyabinghi drumming carries deep spiritual significance. Jamaica's musical influence on global popular culture is immeasurable.",[],[],{"id":1121,"name":1122,"region":72,"continent":73,"isoCode":1123,"description":1124,"genres":1125,"submissions":1126},"cae5744f-d632-4d20-817d-b186ba2474a7","Niger","NER","Niger's music reflects its position at the Saharan-Sahelian crossroads, with Tuareg, Hausa, Zarma-Songhai, and Fulani communities each contributing distinct traditions. Tuareg guitar music (also known as desert blues or tishoumaren) emerged from northern Niger and gained global recognition. Hausa praise singing and the tradition of maroka (hereditary musicians) are central to social life. The molo lute and the alghaita oboe are characteristic instruments. Spirit possession ceremonies among the Zarma and Hausa feature distinct musical repertoires.",[],[],{"id":1128,"name":1129,"region":401,"continent":49,"isoCode":1130,"description":1131,"genres":1132,"submissions":1133},"75b7ba12-af8f-4d6f-8e61-b3e0133f5acb","Aruba","ABW","Aruba's musical culture features a blend of Caribbean, Latin American, and Dutch influences. Tumba is popular during Carnival, while dande is a New Year's tradition of door-to-door singing. The wiri is a distinctive local instrument (a metal scraper). Calypso, soca, and merengue are widely popular. The island's Papiamento-language music contributes to a distinct cultural identity shared with Curacao and Bonaire. Contemporary Aruban music includes Latin pop, reggaeton, and dancehall alongside traditional forms.",[],[],{"id":1135,"name":1136,"region":401,"continent":49,"isoCode":1137,"description":1138,"genres":1139,"submissions":1140},"6f971eff-779f-4056-bb20-b4919066a439","Martinique","MTQ","Martinique is one of the birthplaces of zouk, the Creole dance music that became popular across the French-speaking world. Biguine, an earlier Martinican genre blending African rhythms with European dance forms, was influential in early 20th century Parisian music. Chouval bwa (merry-go-round music) features the ti-bwa (bamboo stick percussion) and is tied to traditional celebrations. Bele, featuring the drum and the ti-bwa, represents Afro-Martinican heritage. The island's music reflects the creative synthesis of French, African, and Caribbean cultural streams.",[],[],{"id":1142,"name":1143,"region":72,"continent":73,"isoCode":1144,"description":1145,"genres":1146,"submissions":1147},"6ed19e15-8ab6-4601-a6d9-b555c2b4e43f","Nigeria","NGA","Nigeria is Africa's most prolific music producer and one of the most influential musical nations globally. The country gave rise to Afrobeat, pioneered by Fela Kuti through a fusion of Yoruba music, highlife, jazz, and funk. Juju, fuji, and apala are major Yoruba popular genres, while Igbo highlife developed distinctly in the east. Afrobeats (distinct from Afrobeat) emerged in the 2000s as a global pop phenomenon. Traditional music is extraordinarily diverse across over 250 ethnic groups, including Hausa court music, Tiv dance traditions, and Ijaw water-spirit ceremonies.",[],[],{"id":1149,"name":1150,"region":7,"continent":8,"isoCode":1151,"description":1152,"genres":1153,"submissions":1154},"d70fb3dc-a62b-47e1-969c-b70686b6ad72","Austria","AUT","Austria's place in Western classical music history is unparalleled relative to its size. Vienna served as the center of the Classical and Romantic eras, nurturing generations of composers. The Viennese waltz tradition transformed European social dance. Austrian folk music features yodeling, Schuhplattler dance, and the zither, particularly associated with Alpine regions. Wienerlied (Viennese song) is a distinct urban folk tradition. The country maintains prestigious orchestras and opera houses. Contemporary Austrian music includes significant contributions to electronic music, particularly the Vienna Aktionism-influenced experimental scene.",[],[],{"id":1156,"name":1157,"region":141,"continent":73,"isoCode":1158,"description":1159,"genres":1160,"submissions":1161},"e15ddf0e-b6c6-4ccf-ae4e-b7d481f388a7","Zambia","ZMB","Zambia's musical traditions draw from its 73 ethnic groups, with the Bemba, Tonga, Lozi, and Ngoni communities maintaining distinct practices. Kalindula, a bass-heavy popular genre developed in the 1970s, is considered the national music. Traditional music features drums, the silimba xylophone, kalumbu mouth bow, and budima dance traditions of the Tonga. Zamrock, a unique fusion of psychedelic rock with traditional Zambian music, flourished in the 1970s and has been rediscovered internationally. Contemporary Zambian music blends Afrobeats, dancehall, and hip-hop influences.",[],[],{"id":1163,"name":1164,"region":237,"continent":237,"isoCode":1165,"description":1166,"genres":1167,"submissions":1168},"533dba62-f48d-4914-9fdd-b8c927dd1ecd","Colombia","COL","Colombia's musical diversity is among the richest in the Americas. Cumbia, originating from the Caribbean coast, is one of Latin America's most widespread rhythms. Vallenato, featuring the accordion and caja drum, is inscribed on UNESCO's list. Currulao and marimba music from the Pacific coast preserve deep African roots. Bambuco and pasillo are Andean zone traditions. Champeta blends African and Caribbean elements in Cartagena. Colombian salsa, centered in Cali, is legendary. Reggaeton and urbano have massive followings. The country's music reflects Indigenous, African, and Spanish heritage across dramatically varied regions.",[],[],{"id":1170,"name":1171,"region":57,"continent":8,"isoCode":1172,"description":1173,"genres":1174,"submissions":1175},"0e5844ca-a4b7-4e41-8563-bc04233f8443","Slovenia","SVN","Slovenia's music reflects its position at the intersection of Germanic, Romance, Slavic, and Hungarian cultural spheres. Alpine folk traditions including polka and waltz forms are strong, particularly in the north. The country's folk music varies significantly by region, from Carniolan vocal traditions to the Mediterranean-influenced coast and Pannonian east. Oberkrainer music, featuring accordion and clarinet, gained international popularity. Slovenia has active contemporary rock, electronic, and avant-garde scenes. The country's industrial music movement (Laibach) achieved international recognition.",[],[],{"id":1177,"name":1178,"region":72,"continent":73,"isoCode":1179,"description":1180,"genres":1181,"submissions":1182},"68d204d2-18ad-4876-86cc-bcbe31fbf5c0","Benin","BEN","Benin is the historical cradle of Vodun (Voodoo) spiritual practice, and its music is deeply intertwined with these religious traditions. Ritual drumming and ceremonial music remain central to cultural life, particularly among the Fon and Yoruba peoples. The country has contributed to the development of Afrobeat and Afropop. Zinli, tchink, and agbadja are traditional music-dance forms associated with specific ethnic groups and occasions. Beninese music strongly influenced the musical traditions of the African diaspora in Haiti, Brazil, and Cuba.",[],[],{"id":1184,"name":1185,"region":640,"continent":33,"isoCode":1186,"description":1187,"genres":1188,"submissions":1189},"e52e5a13-1419-4ca3-a46e-bf12fca59365","Kazakhstan","KAZ","Kazakhstan's music is rooted in the nomadic Kazakh steppe tradition. The dombra, a long-necked two-stringed lute, is the national instrument and central to solo performance traditions (kuy) that narrate legends and depict natural scenes. Kazakh music features a rich tradition of improvised poetry contests (aitys). Throat singing (komey) exists alongside the dombra tradition. The qobyz (bowed lute) has shamanic associations. Soviet influence introduced Western classical forms and conservatory training. Contemporary Kazakh music ranges from folk-influenced pop to hip-hop and electronic music.",[],[],{"id":1191,"name":1192,"region":72,"continent":73,"isoCode":1193,"description":1194,"genres":1195,"submissions":1196},"d9227504-0368-4b82-8ea1-c35ec74618a6","Mali","MLI","Mali is one of the world's great musical civilizations, heir to the medieval empires of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai. The Mande griot tradition, centered on the kora, ngoni, and balafon, represents one of the oldest continuous musical heritages in West Africa. Bamako became a hub of modern African music, producing desert blues from Tuareg musicians in the north and Wassoulou music in the south. The ngoni is considered a precursor to the American banjo. Mali's musical influence extends deep into the origins of blues and jazz.",[],[],{"id":1198,"name":1199,"region":229,"continent":33,"isoCode":1200,"description":1201,"genres":1202,"submissions":1203},"6bbe8eb9-ce4d-46a4-90ec-c3850b68ac9f","Singapore","SGP","Singapore's musical landscape reflects its multicultural composition of Chinese, Malay, Indian, and Eurasian communities, each maintaining distinct traditions. Malay bangsawan theater, Chinese opera, and Indian classical music coexist in the city-state. Xinyao, a Mandarin folk-pop movement, emerged in the 1980s from local schools. The country has developed a robust contemporary music scene spanning indie rock, electronic music, and hip-hop. As a wealthy city-state, Singapore invests heavily in arts infrastructure, hosting major orchestras and international music events.",[],[],{"id":1205,"name":1206,"region":72,"continent":73,"isoCode":1207,"description":1208,"genres":1209,"submissions":1210},"43e2f633-a098-4301-989c-c40ec42c2e89","Ghana","GHA","Ghana stands as one of Africa's most influential musical nations. The country gave rise to highlife in the early 20th century, a genre that spread across West Africa and influenced generations of African popular music. Hiplife later fused highlife with hip-hop. Traditional music is extraordinarily diverse, from Akan fontomfrom drumming to Ewe agbadza, Ga kpanlogo, and Dagomba lunsi talking drum traditions. Azonto emerged as a global dance phenomenon. Ghana's music reflects deep connections between rhythm, social structure, and spiritual practice.",[],[],{"id":1212,"name":1213,"region":640,"continent":33,"isoCode":1214,"description":1215,"genres":1216,"submissions":1217},"60388561-228b-4aa7-86dc-c4e9843a9b18","Kyrgyzstan","KGZ","Kyrgyzstan's musical identity is intertwined with the oral epic tradition, particularly the Manas epic - one of the world's longest poems, traditionally performed as chanted recitation. The komuz (three-stringed fretless lute) is the national instrument, played with virtuosic technique in solo k performances. Kyl kyyak (bowed instrument) and various flutes also feature prominently. Ak-kalpak singing traditions and improvised poetry are important cultural practices. The nomadic heritage is audible in music that evokes mountain landscapes and horseback movement.",[],[],{"id":1219,"name":1220,"region":32,"continent":33,"isoCode":1221,"description":1222,"genres":1223,"submissions":1224},"bf31f5cf-85af-4ada-a11b-c5d7226a7504","Bhutan","BTN","Bhutan's music is intimately connected to Tibetan Buddhist culture and the kingdom's deliberate preservation of traditional ways. Mask dances (cham) performed at annual tshechu festivals feature elaborate musical accompaniment using long horns (dungchen), oboes (gyaling), drums, and cymbals. Zhungdra (classical songs) and boedra (songs of Tibetan origin) are traditional secular forms. The dramyin (lute) is a signature instrument. Rigsar, a modern popular genre, blends traditional Bhutanese melodies with Indian and Western pop influences. Bhutan's relative isolation has helped preserve ancient musical practices.",[],[],{"id":1226,"name":1227,"region":57,"continent":8,"isoCode":1228,"description":1229,"genres":1230,"submissions":1231},"21b1a594-8f62-4d82-8ff7-c739368bb8e6","Italy","ITA","Italy has been foundational to Western music history. Opera was invented here in the late 16th century, and Italian became the language of musical terminology worldwide. The country produced major developments in instrumental music, vocal art, and musical notation. Regional folk traditions are extraordinarily diverse - from Neapolitan song and Sicilian folk music to Sardinian canto a tenore (UNESCO-listed polyphonic singing) and northern alpine traditions. Canzone italiana remains a vibrant popular tradition. Italy has significant contributions to jazz, electronic, hip-hop, and progressive rock.",[],[],{"id":1233,"name":1234,"region":118,"continent":33,"isoCode":1235,"description":1236,"genres":1237,"submissions":1238},"15e4c1f3-1d1e-48bb-9e60-cc3ef912165d","Japan","JPN","Japan's musical heritage encompasses ancient court music (gagaku), one of the oldest continuous orchestral traditions in the world, as well as the dramatic traditions of noh, kabuki, and bunraku theater music. Traditional instruments include the shamisen, koto, shakuhachi, and taiko drums. Japan's modern music industry is the world's second largest, producing J-pop, city pop, visual kei, and noise music alongside a thriving underground scene. Enka serves as a modern form of traditional popular song. Japan has been remarkably influential in electronic and experimental music.",[],[],{"id":1240,"name":1241,"region":141,"continent":73,"isoCode":1242,"description":1243,"genres":1244,"submissions":1245},"fd90fa29-dfd1-4aab-95a0-ccade5f2e53e","Zimbabwe","ZWE","Zimbabwe's music is anchored in the mbira (thumb piano) tradition of the Shona people, which carries deep spiritual significance in ancestral communication ceremonies. Mbira dzavadzimu music has been performed for centuries and is inscribed on UNESCO's list. Chimurenga music, blending mbira with modern instruments, became a vehicle for the independence struggle and remains culturally significant. Sungura, a guitar-based popular genre influenced by Congolese rumba, dominates contemporary music. Jit and other dance genres reflect the country's creative energy. Ndebele traditions in the south add further diversity.",[],[],{"id":1247,"name":1248,"region":72,"continent":73,"isoCode":1249,"description":1250,"genres":1251,"submissions":1252},"f3322655-6c0f-4736-a289-ce0894f854e9","Sierra Leone","SLE","Sierra Leone's music reflects the interplay between its indigenous ethnic groups and the Krio (Creole) population descended from freed slaves. Maringa and palm wine music emerged in Freetown as early popular styles blending West African and Caribbean elements. The Mende, Temne, and Limba peoples maintain distinct drumming and vocal traditions tied to the Poro and Sande secret societies. Bubu music, featuring large gourd rattles, is a Temne tradition. Contemporary Sierra Leonean music blends highlife, reggae, and hip-hop influences.",[],[],{"id":1254,"name":1255,"region":89,"continent":16,"isoCode":1256,"description":1257,"genres":1258,"submissions":1259},"676eca0f-2597-40cc-8e69-cefd57fdbf24","Cook Islands","COK","The Cook Islands maintain strong Polynesian musical traditions despite their small population. Imene tuki (choral singing with rhythmic grunting bass), imene metua, and ute (humorous action songs) are distinctive local forms. The pate (log drum) and ukulele are prominent instruments. Cook Islands dance, closely related to Tahitian dance, features rapid hip movements. Church singing, influenced by London Missionary Society traditions, has become a defining cultural practice. Te Maeva Nui, the annual constitution celebration, is the main showcase for traditional music and dance. Contemporary Cook Islands music includes island reggae and pop.",[],[],{"id":1261,"name":1262,"region":229,"continent":33,"isoCode":1263,"description":1264,"genres":1265,"submissions":1266},"218ab23b-b70b-4ef9-9f23-d02b528b51db","Thailand","THA","Thailand's classical music tradition features the piphat, mahori, and khrueang sai ensembles, employing distinctive tuning systems and elaborate compositional forms tied to the royal court and Buddhist ceremonial life. The ranat ek (xylophone) and khong wong (gong circle) are signature instruments. Luk thung (country music) and mor lam (northeastern folk) are massively popular genres with distinct regional identities. The country's southern Muslim provinces maintain Malay-influenced musical traditions. Thai popular music ranges from string-pop to hip-hop, T-pop, and electronic dance music.",[],[],{"id":1268,"name":1269,"region":126,"continent":73,"isoCode":1270,"description":1271,"genres":1272,"submissions":1273},"a295face-05b9-418f-8592-d045d2750412","Egypt","EGY","Egypt's musical culture is one of the most influential in the Arab world. Classical Arabic music flourished in Cairo through the 20th century, with a sophisticated tradition of orchestral tarab (ecstatic listening) and vocal artistry. The country has a deep tradition of Sufi devotional music and Coptic liturgical chant. Shaabi and mahraganat represent contemporary urban popular styles. Traditional instruments include the oud, qanun, nay, and tabla baladi. Upper Egypt (Sa'id) preserves distinct folk traditions tied to agricultural life and Nubian culture.",[],[],{"id":1275,"name":1276,"region":48,"continent":49,"isoCode":1277,"description":1278,"genres":1279,"submissions":1280},"e93f8e48-50b1-40b8-b464-d40dff167c39","United States","USA","The United States has been among the most influential musical nations in modern history, producing genres that transformed global culture. African American musical creativity gave rise to blues, jazz, gospel, R&B, soul, funk, hip-hop, and rock and roll. Country, bluegrass, and Appalachian folk music drew on British, Irish, and African traditions. Indigenous peoples maintain diverse musical traditions including powwow, stomp dance, and numerous tribal-specific practices. Cajun, zydeco, Tejano, Hawaiian, and other regional genres add further depth. American popular music continues to shape global musical trends.",[],[],{"id":1282,"name":1283,"region":149,"continent":73,"isoCode":1284,"description":1285,"genres":1286,"submissions":1287},"2cbb8ce4-2f5e-4082-b311-d4ecd67d5f72","Congo","COG","The Republic of Congo (Congo-Brazzaville) has been a major force in Central African popular music. Brazzaville, alongside Kinshasa across the river, was a birthplace of Congolese rumba and soukous in the mid-20th century. The country's popular music traditions are intertwined with those of the DRC. Traditional music includes Teke, Kongo, and Mbochi ethnic traditions featuring drums, sanza (thumb piano), and vocal harmonies. The likembe (thumb piano) has deep cultural significance across the country's forest and savanna communities.",[],[],{"id":1289,"name":1290,"region":126,"continent":73,"isoCode":1291,"description":1292,"genres":1293,"submissions":1294},"0e720a1b-d2a2-4bb5-b2e3-d6006827f313","Sudan","SDN","Sudan's music draws on Arab, Nubian, and diverse African traditions, reflecting the country's position as a cultural crossroads. Haqiba is a traditional vocal genre from the north, while the tom-tom drum traditions of western Sudan carry distinct African rhythmic patterns. Nubian music in the north features pentatonic scales and the tambour lyre. Urban popular music blends Arabic melodic structures with African rhythms. The country's regional diversity produces varied folk traditions across Darfur, Kordofan, and the eastern regions.",[],[],{"id":1296,"name":1297,"region":221,"continent":8,"isoCode":1298,"description":1299,"genres":1300,"submissions":1301},"ae79f745-ff1b-482a-bc71-d6babae740c7","Moldova","MDA","Moldova's music reflects its Romanian linguistic roots and the influence of neighboring Slavic, Turkish, and Roma cultural traditions. The country shares much of its folk heritage with Romanian Bessarabia, including doina (lyrical improvisation), hora dance music, and lutari (Roma musician) traditions. The fluier (shepherd's flute) and cobza (lute) are traditional instruments. Moldovan popular music includes manele-influenced styles and a contemporary pop scene. Traditional wedding music remains an important cultural practice.",[],[],{"id":1303,"name":1304,"region":32,"continent":33,"isoCode":1305,"description":1306,"genres":1307,"submissions":1308},"425e0c88-3be6-4a1e-90e7-d6cf47bb9465","Maldives","MDV","The Maldives' musical traditions reflect the island nation's Indian Ocean location and historical connections to South Asia, the Arab world, and East Africa. Boduberu, a call-and-response drum-and-dance tradition performed by ensembles of six or more musicians, is the national music form. Its driving rhythms and ecstatic climaxes suggest East African influence. Thaara, featuring rhythmic body percussion and devotional singing, shows Arab cultural connections. Bandiyaa jehun (pot dance) and langiri are other traditional performance forms. Contemporary Maldivian music blends local traditions with Indian and Western pop.",[],[],{"id":1310,"name":1311,"region":640,"continent":33,"isoCode":1312,"description":1313,"genres":1314,"submissions":1315},"fd8b94e8-3d90-4577-a649-d7b89353149d","Turkmenistan","TKM","Turkmenistan's music is rooted in the traditions of Turkmen bards (bakshi) who perform epic narratives accompanied by the dutar (two-stringed lute), the country's most important instrument. The mukam tradition represents a classical system of modal suites. Gyjak (bowed fiddle) and tduk (end-blown flute) are also prominent. Turkmen music historically accompanied the rituals and social life of semi-nomadic communities. Traditional singing styles feature distinctive ornamental techniques. The country's relative isolation has preserved ancient musical practices, though state control shapes public musical life.",[],[],{"id":1317,"name":1318,"region":237,"continent":237,"isoCode":1319,"description":1320,"genres":1321,"submissions":1322},"6c25d649-4ebc-4212-a455-d87c2988c612","French Guiana","GUF","French Guiana's music reflects its Creole, Maroon, Indigenous, and metropolitan French populations. Aleke and awasa drumming traditions among the Maroon (Bushinengue) communities - descended from escaped slaves who maintained West African cultural practices - are among the most African-rooted in the Americas. Creole traditions include kaseko, a dance music genre. Indigenous Wayapi, Wayana, and other Amazonian groups maintain distinct ceremonial music. As an overseas department of France, zouk, hip-hop, and metropolitan French pop also circulate widely.",[],[],{"id":1324,"name":1325,"region":141,"continent":73,"isoCode":1326,"description":1327,"genres":1328,"submissions":1329},"274351f2-0321-4829-9772-d901fa7d4aff","Malawi","MWI","Malawi's musical traditions center on the distinctive sounds of the malimba (xylophone), babatone (hand-made bass), and various drums. Mganda and malipenga are popular dance-music traditions with military band influences from the colonial era. The Chewa people's gule wamkulu (great dance) tradition, involving masked performances with musical accompaniment, is inscribed on UNESCO's list. Kwela and jazz influences shaped mid-20th century popular music. Gospel music has a strong presence, and contemporary Malawian artists blend traditional rhythms with Afropop and dancehall.",[],[],{"id":1331,"name":1332,"region":237,"continent":237,"isoCode":1333,"description":1334,"genres":1335,"submissions":1336},"410008cb-23ef-4b65-8110-dadddffddc7d","Chile","CHL","Chile's music is shaped by its extraordinary geographic diversity, from the Atacama Desert to Patagonia. Cueca is the national dance-music, featuring guitar, harp, and handkerchief choreography. The nueva cancion movement, which used Andean folk instruments and lyrics of social justice, was profoundly influential across Latin America before being suppressed by the Pinochet dictatorship. Mapuche indigenous traditions include the kultrun drum and trutruka horn. Rapa Nui (Easter Island) maintains Polynesian musical traditions. Contemporary Chilean music includes vibrant rock, electronic, hip-hop, and cumbia scenes.",[],[],{"id":1338,"name":1339,"region":401,"continent":49,"isoCode":1340,"description":1341,"genres":1342,"submissions":1343},"2900a284-04a7-4291-a6fa-db4d04de59d0","Saint Vincent and the Grenadines","VCT","Saint Vincent and the Grenadines' musical culture blends African, European, and Indigenous Garifuna heritage. Calypso and soca are prominent, particularly during Vincy Mas (Carnival). Big drum music, featuring the large goat-skin drum, is a traditional folk form. String band music with guitars, banjos, and cuatro represents Creole folk traditions. Soca parang, blending soca with Venezuelan-influenced Christmas music, is popular seasonally. The country shares musical connections with neighboring islands while maintaining distinct local character.",[],[],{"id":1345,"name":1346,"region":221,"continent":8,"isoCode":1347,"description":1348,"genres":1349,"submissions":1350},"f09b80fe-6d0b-439b-9607-dc7b0224d132","Romania","ROU","Romania possesses one of Europe's richest folk music traditions, shaped by its Carpathian geography and diverse ethnic communities. The doina, an improvised, melancholic vocal or instrumental form, is a defining musical element. The cimbalom (hammered dulcimer), nai (panpipe), and violin are characteristic instruments. Transylvanian string band music, MaramureT fiddle traditions, and Banat brass bands represent regional diversity. Manele (Turkish\u002FRoma-influenced popular music) is widely popular. Roma musicians (lutari) have been central to Romanian musical life for centuries, contributing virtuosic instrumental traditions.",[],[],{"id":1352,"name":1353,"region":149,"continent":73,"isoCode":1354,"description":1355,"genres":1356,"submissions":1357},"8f93c332-225f-44f4-a586-dd55c951d18a","Cameroon","CMR","Cameroon is often called 'Africa in miniature' for its cultural diversity, with over 250 ethnic groups and distinct musical traditions. Makossa from Douala became an internationally recognized dance genre, while bikutsi from the Beti people of the center-south features driving rhythms played on the balafon. The Bamileke and Bamoun kingdoms of the west have elaborate court music traditions. Northern Cameroon shares Sahelian musical forms including Fulani flute traditions. The country's geographic and cultural diversity makes it one of Africa's richest musical territories.",[],[],{"id":1359,"name":1360,"region":280,"continent":8,"isoCode":1361,"description":1362,"genres":1363,"submissions":1364},"4a39be7c-c917-452c-8f9d-dd841d340e8e","Latvia","LVA","Latvia's musical identity is closely tied to its tradition of dainas - short folk songs numbering over 1.2 million recorded texts, one of the largest collections of folk poetry in the world. The Song and Dance Festival tradition, shared with the other Baltic states, is a massive choral event of profound national significance. The kokle (plucked zither) is the traditional national instrument. Latvia has a strong choral tradition and has made significant contributions to contemporary classical music. Latvian folk music revival movements continue to draw on the vast dainas repertoire.",[],[],{"id":1366,"name":1367,"region":7,"continent":8,"isoCode":1368,"description":1369,"genres":1370,"submissions":1371},"d731b7b2-89be-42e8-b3ad-de2e8758e2fe","Monaco","MCO","Monaco's musical culture reflects its French Riviera setting and cosmopolitan character. The principality hosts world-class cultural events and maintains a symphony orchestra. Traditional Monegasque folk music, sung in the Monegasque language, includes songs tied to maritime life and local celebrations, though this tradition is limited by the tiny size of the native population. Opera, classical music, and international jazz have a strong presence. The Monte-Carlo Philharmonic Orchestra is internationally recognized.",[],[],{"id":1373,"name":1374,"region":237,"continent":237,"isoCode":1375,"description":1376,"genres":1377,"submissions":1378},"3cb4a20e-67cb-425b-ac7b-de7c419ad7ea","Paraguay","PRY","Paraguay's music is uniquely defined by the Guarani language and the Paraguayan harp (arpa paraguaya), a diatonic instrument with a bright, cascading sound that is central to the national musical identity. Polka paraguaya and guarania are the two signature genres - the polka is lively and the guarania is slower and melancholic. These developed from European dance forms blended with Guarani cultural elements. Paraguayan bottle dance (danza de la botella) combines music with acrobatic skill. Contemporary Paraguayan music blends these traditional forms with cumbia, rock, and other Latin American styles.",[],[],{"id":1380,"name":1381,"region":237,"continent":237,"isoCode":1382,"description":1383,"genres":1384,"submissions":1385},"3498d58f-f00e-4dc3-a6a9-decbdd86b565","Guyana","GUY","Guyana's music reflects its remarkable ethnic diversity - Indo-Guyanese, Afro-Guyanese, Indigenous, and Chinese communities each contribute distinct traditions. Chutney music, blending Indian folk traditions with Caribbean rhythms, is hugely popular and shared with Trinidad. Calypso, soca, and reggae have strong followings. Indigenous Amerindian communities maintain traditional music practices. Afro-Guyanese traditions include masquerade band music and folk forms. The country's mashramani (republic anniversary) celebrations feature steelband and soca. Guyana's musical culture bridges Caribbean, South American, and South Asian traditions.",[],[],{"id":1387,"name":1388,"region":141,"continent":73,"isoCode":1389,"description":1390,"genres":1391,"submissions":1392},"52586a39-40ef-4018-b100-dfe5e84fb248","Somaliland","SOL","Somaliland, a self-declared republic in the Horn of Africa, \n  shares the rich Somali musical heritage centred on poetry and \n  song. The heello tradition — lyric poetry set to music — is \n  central to cultural life, performed at weddings, celebrations, and\n   community gatherings. Traditional instruments include the kaban \n  and percussion. The music carries the distinct character of the\n  Isaaq and Dir communities, blending pastoral vocal traditions with\n   influences from the Gulf states and the broader Somali diaspora.\n  Urban Hargeisa has developed a contemporary music scene that keeps\n   these traditions alive.",[],[],{"id":1394,"name":1395,"region":72,"continent":73,"isoCode":1396,"description":1397,"genres":1398,"submissions":1399},"2164407e-ea17-4b1b-a217-e0f0a2dda2f6","Mauritania","MRT","Mauritania sits at the cultural crossroads of Arab North Africa and sub-Saharan West Africa, and its music reflects this duality. The iggawen (griots) of the Moorish Hassaniya tradition perform on the tidinit lute and ardin harp, following a sophisticated modal system. Southern Mauritania shares musical traditions with Senegal and Mali, including Wolof and Pulaar styles. Women traditionally play the ardin and lead vocal performances. Desert blues has emerged as a modern genre drawing on both Moorish and Sahelian traditions.",[],[],{"id":1401,"name":1402,"region":330,"continent":49,"isoCode":1403,"description":1404,"genres":1405,"submissions":1406},"cc41f275-ccfe-438c-b528-e11f4d5cdf0d","Belize","BLZ","Belize's music reflects its uniquely diverse population of Creole, Mestizo, Maya, Garifuna, and Mennonite communities. Garifuna music, featuring the sacred and secular drumming traditions of this Afro-Indigenous people, is inscribed on UNESCO's list. Punta rock, a modern adaptation of traditional Garifuna punta rhythms, is Belize's most recognized genre. Brukdown, a Creole folk music featuring banjo, accordion, and percussion, has roots in logging camp culture. The country's Caribbean coast shares reggae and dancehall influences, while Maya and Mestizo communities maintain distinct musical traditions.",[],[],{"id":1408,"name":1409,"region":48,"continent":49,"isoCode":1410,"description":1411,"genres":1412,"submissions":1413},"de229618-266d-4138-b896-e312de14dbb5","Greenland","GRL","Greenland's musical traditions are rooted in Inuit culture, with drum dancing and throat singing (katajjaq) representing ancient performance practices. The drum dance historically served spiritual and social functions. European contact introduced hymn singing and accordion music, which blended with local traditions. Contemporary Greenlandic music includes rock, pop, and hip-hop performed in Kalaallisut (Greenlandic) and Danish. The country's geographic isolation and small population create a tight-knit music community that draws on both Arctic indigenous heritage and Scandinavian influences.",[],[],{"id":1415,"name":1416,"region":237,"continent":237,"isoCode":1417,"description":1418,"genres":1419,"submissions":1420},"fbc4434d-3736-446d-9afb-e373aa28e740","Peru","PER","Peru's musical heritage spans Andean, coastal, and Amazonian traditions of extraordinary diversity. Andean music features the quena, zampona (panpipes), charango, and cajon, with huayno as the predominant folk genre. Afro-Peruvian music, including festejo, lando, and zamacueca, was revived in the mid-20th century, and the cajon (box drum) has become globally adopted. Criolla music (vals criollo and polka) represents Lima's coastal mestizo culture. Chicha blends Andean huayno with cumbia. Amazonian Indigenous traditions are varied and relatively underdocumented. Peru's musical diversity reflects its status as one of the Americas' most culturally layered nations.",[],[],{"id":1422,"name":1423,"region":57,"continent":8,"isoCode":1424,"description":1425,"genres":1426,"submissions":1427},"0a19de5e-78ab-481b-b1c6-e502297c0fad","Albania","ALB","Albania's music divides broadly between the Gheg traditions of the north and Tosk traditions of the south. Albanian iso-polyphony from the south, featuring a sustained drone beneath melodic voices, is inscribed on UNESCO's list. Northern Albanian music features the cifteli (two-stringed plucked instrument) and epic ballad singing. The lahuta (one-string fiddle) accompanies heroic epics. Albanian folk music has complex rhythmic structures including unusual time signatures. Contemporary Albanian music includes a vibrant pop and hip-hop scene, with tallava (a Roma-influenced dance music) widely popular.",[],[],{"id":1429,"name":1430,"region":229,"continent":33,"isoCode":1431,"description":1432,"genres":1433,"submissions":1434},"0ff900b7-cdb3-481d-8480-e811366f38c7","Indonesia","IDN","Indonesia possesses one of the world's richest and most diverse musical landscapes, spread across over 17,000 islands. Javanese and Balinese gamelan - large ensembles of bronze metallophones, gongs, and drums - are among the most sophisticated orchestral traditions globally and have deeply influenced Western classical composers. Wayang (puppet theater) music, kroncong (Portuguese-influenced popular music), and dangdut (a hugely popular genre blending Indian, Malay, and Western elements) represent different layers of the national soundscape. Hundreds of distinct regional traditions exist across the archipelago.",[],[],{"id":1436,"name":1437,"region":141,"continent":73,"isoCode":1438,"description":1439,"genres":1440,"submissions":1441},"d320cf01-27c1-4329-88e7-e934ec72937f","Reunion","REU","Reunion's music is defined by maloya and sega, two Creole genres rooted in the island's history of slavery and indentured labor. Maloya, carried by rouler drum, kayamb rattle, and call-and-response singing, was long suppressed before its revival. Indian-origin communities maintain Tamil and Gujarati traditions. The island blends African, Malagasy, Indian, and French elements in ways distinct from anywhere else.",[],[],{"id":1443,"name":1444,"region":330,"continent":49,"isoCode":1445,"description":1446,"genres":1447,"submissions":1448},"49d17829-9c4a-4797-b236-ee7f9cfd7694","Costa Rica","CRI","Costa Rica's music blends Spanish colonial, Indigenous, and Afro-Caribbean traditions. The punto guanacasteco, a folk dance-music form from the Guanacaste region featuring marimba and guitar, is considered the national dance. Afro-Costa Rican communities on the Caribbean coast maintain calypso traditions in Limonense English Creole. The marimba is an important traditional instrument across Central American musical cultures. Contemporary Costa Rican music includes Latin pop, rock, cumbia, and reggaeton alongside traditional forms.",[],[],{"id":1450,"name":1451,"region":401,"continent":49,"isoCode":1452,"description":1453,"genres":1454,"submissions":1455},"5d966f71-9131-4936-a2d5-ee95481937fe","Saint Kitts and Nevis","KNA","Saint Kitts and Nevis' musical culture is shaped by its African, British, and broader Caribbean heritage. Calypso and soca dominate the Carnival season. String band music, featuring banjo, guitar, and cuatro, represents a folk tradition. The country has a masquerade tradition with associated music and dance. Bull, a traditional art form involving costumed performance with music, is culturally significant. Steel pan has been adopted from the broader Caribbean tradition. The islands' small population creates a tight-knit musical community.",[],[],{"id":1457,"name":1458,"region":141,"continent":73,"isoCode":1459,"description":1460,"genres":1461,"submissions":1462},"cf422665-1651-4267-a4b6-ef5aaf1b3cfb","Comoros","COM","Comoros' music reflects the island nation's Swahili, Arab, Malagasy, and French cultural layers. The grand marriage ceremony (anda) features elaborate musical performances central to social life. Twarab, derived from the Swahili taarab tradition, blends Arab melodic forms with African rhythmic patterns. Mgodro and deba are distinctive local genres, with deba being a women's devotional dance music. The gabusi lute and the ndzendze (a local zither) are characteristic instruments of Comorian music.",[],[],{"id":1464,"name":1465,"region":237,"continent":237,"isoCode":1466,"description":1467,"genres":1468,"submissions":1469},"76b6d490-e1e7-4053-adf1-f17256a9508a","Argentina","ARG","Argentina's musical identity is inseparable from tango, which originated in Buenos Aires' working-class neighborhoods in the late 19th century and is inscribed on UNESCO's list. The bandoneon, an accordion-like instrument, is tango's signature sound. Beyond tango, Argentina has rich folklore traditions - chacarera, zamba, cueca, and carnavalito - that vary by region. Argentine rock (rock nacional) has been the most influential in the Spanish-speaking world. Cumbia villera and cuarteto are popular dance genres. The country also has significant jazz, electronic, and classical music scenes.",[],[],{"id":1471,"name":1472,"region":24,"continent":16,"isoCode":1473,"description":1474,"genres":1475,"submissions":1476},"0a883bbd-160f-4e84-8614-f2306d624c1b","New Caledonia","NCL","New Caledonia's music reflects its Indigenous Kanak population and French colonial history. Kanak music features distinctive pilou ceremonial dances with rhythmic chanting and stamped bamboo tubes. The ae-ae rhythm from the Loyalty Islands is one of the most recognized traditional forms. Kaneka, a modern genre blending Kanak rhythms with reggae and rock, emerged as a cultural and political expression during the independence movement. French chanson and metropolitan pop also circulate. The territory's music reflects the ongoing negotiation between Kanak cultural identity and French institutional influence.",[],[],{"id":1478,"name":1479,"region":81,"continent":33,"isoCode":1480,"description":1481,"genres":1482,"submissions":1483},"5d7bc750-ca2b-4af5-9598-f25455963181","Israel","ISR","Israel's musical culture reflects the diversity of its immigrant populations drawn from across the Jewish diaspora, alongside Arab Palestinian, Druze, and Bedouin traditions. Mizrahi music blends Middle Eastern, North African, and Mediterranean sounds. Yemenite, Ethiopian, and Sephardic Jewish communities each brought distinct musical traditions. The country has a strong Western classical music scene and conservatory tradition. Israeli popular music ranges from Mediterranean pop to hip-hop and electronic music. Klezmer, though Ashkenazi in origin, has been revived and reimagined by Israeli musicians.",[],[],{"id":1485,"name":1486,"region":401,"continent":49,"isoCode":1487,"description":1488,"genres":1489,"submissions":1490},"169c1590-361d-4daf-84dc-f27f80f739f7","Cuba","CUB","Cuba has been one of the most influential musical nations on earth, with its rhythms shaping music across Africa, Latin America, and the world. Son cubano, the genre that fused Spanish and African elements, gave rise to salsa. Rumba, mambo, cha-cha-cha, and danzon are other Cuban innovations. Afro-Cuban religious music (Santeria, Abakua, Palo) preserves deep West African roots. Trova and nueva trova represent sophisticated singer-songwriter traditions. Cuban jazz (Latin jazz) is a major genre. The country's musical influence - from timba to reggaeton's roots - remains immense.",[],[],{"id":1492,"name":1493,"region":81,"continent":33,"isoCode":1494,"description":1495,"genres":1496,"submissions":1497},"18ebb934-f92b-4940-b566-f3e42fd5dcd4","Iraq","IRQ","Iraq's music reflects its ancient Mesopotamian heritage and its central role in Arab and Islamic musical civilization. The maqam tradition, particularly the Iraqi maqam (UNESCO-listed), represents one of the most sophisticated modal systems in the Middle East, traditionally performed with oud, santur, and joza. Kurdish music in the north features distinct modal systems and instruments including the tanbur. Turkmen and Assyrian communities maintain separate traditions. Despite decades of conflict, Iraqi musical culture remains rich. Chobi (folk dance music) and popular music scenes persist.",[],[],{"id":1499,"name":1500,"region":141,"continent":73,"isoCode":1501,"description":1502,"genres":1503,"submissions":1504},"de65d987-f457-42c4-8db2-f4ee67d52cd9","Djibouti","DJI","Djibouti's musical culture reflects its Afar and Issa Somali communities along with broader Arab and East African influences. Traditional music features call-and-response vocal patterns accompanied by hand clapping and the dankara drum. Oud-based music reflects Arab cultural connections. The country's position at the mouth of the Red Sea has made it a meeting point for musical traditions from the Horn of Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. Poetry set to music is central to both Afar and Somali artistic expression.",[],[],{"id":1506,"name":1507,"region":89,"continent":16,"isoCode":1508,"description":1509,"genres":1510,"submissions":1511},"12589d88-f331-4bd3-bbd6-f5f25f36fafc","French Polynesia","PYF","French Polynesia's music features the himene (hymn) tradition, a unique form of choral singing that blends Polynesian vocal techniques with Christian missionary influences to produce dense, complex harmonic textures found nowhere else. The himene tarava, featuring spectacular overtone-rich group singing, is the most distinctive form. The toere (slit drum) and pahu (skin drum) accompany traditional dance. Tahitian dance ('ori tahiti) is internationally renowned. The ukulele plays a central role in contemporary popular music. The country's musical identity is strongly tied to its Maohi (Indigenous Polynesian) cultural revival.",[],[],{"id":1513,"name":1514,"region":280,"continent":8,"isoCode":1515,"description":1516,"genres":1517,"submissions":1518},"cbeb3432-3970-4620-98fc-f6c93d9bdd66","Iceland","ISL","Iceland's music is rooted in the medieval tradition of rimur - epic sung poetry that has been performed for centuries. The country's geographic isolation preserved musical practices lost elsewhere in Scandinavia. Tvisongur (two-part singing with parallel fifths) is a distinctive vocal tradition. Despite a population of roughly 380,000, Iceland has an extraordinarily vibrant contemporary music scene spanning post-rock, electronic, indie, and experimental genres. The country's dramatic volcanic landscape is frequently cited as an influence on the atmospheric quality of Icelandic music.",[],[],{"id":1520,"name":1521,"region":57,"continent":8,"isoCode":1522,"description":1523,"genres":1524,"submissions":1525},"3328f076-020f-444a-af8d-f7a907674544","Greece","GRC","Greece's music encompasses one of Europe's richest folk traditions, ancient roots in the Byzantine chant tradition, and globally influential popular genres. Rebetiko, the urban blues of Greece, emerged from the Asia Minor refugee experience and is inscribed on UNESCO's list. Dimotiko (folk music) varies by region, from island nisiotika to mainland kleftiko and Cretan traditions. The bouzouki is the signature popular instrument. Laiko (popular song) and entechno (art song) represent major modern genres. Greek music's modal structures and rhythmic asymmetries reflect centuries of interchange between European and Middle Eastern traditions.",[],[],{"id":1527,"name":1528,"region":330,"continent":49,"isoCode":1529,"description":1530,"genres":1531,"submissions":1532},"61fef99e-9139-4806-810f-f80737d5faa9","Guatemala","GTM","Guatemala's music reflects the country's deep Maya heritage alongside Spanish colonial influence. The marimba is the national instrument, with a marimba tradition inscribed on UNESCO's list. Maya communities, particularly the K'iche', Kaqchikel, and Tz'utujil peoples, maintain ceremonial music tied to spiritual practices and the Maya calendar. The tun (slit drum) and chirimia (oboe) are pre-Columbian instruments still in use. Son guatemalteco blends Indigenous and Spanish elements. Contemporary Guatemalan music includes cumbia, reggaeton, rock, and hip-hop alongside traditional genres.",[],[],{"id":1534,"name":1535,"region":15,"continent":16,"isoCode":1536,"description":1537,"genres":1538,"submissions":1539},"87a8a034-9c4d-40c9-bd08-f8268a5718bc","Marshall Islands","MHL","The Marshall Islands' musical traditions include jebwa (choral chanting) used in navigation ceremonies, community celebrations, and storytelling. Traditional music accompanied outrigger canoe voyaging and fishing. Roro are traditional dances with choral singing. European and American influences introduced hymn singing and popular music forms. The ukulele and guitar are widely played. Contemporary Marshallese music blends Pacific Island sounds with reggae, R&B, and hip-hop. The nuclear testing legacy (Bikini Atoll) has produced songs of displacement and cultural resilience.",[],[],{"id":1541,"name":1542,"region":7,"continent":8,"isoCode":1543,"description":1544,"genres":1545,"submissions":1546},"9af82bdc-c7a0-4510-805d-f96fa5dcf52c","Liechtenstein","LIE","Liechtenstein's musical culture is closely tied to its Alpine German-speaking neighbors. Traditional music features yodeling, brass band music, and folk songs associated with mountain village life. The country celebrates its musical heritage through festivals and choral societies. Despite its small size, Liechtenstein maintains orchestras and cultural institutions. Popular music consumption and production are heavily influenced by the broader German-speaking music market, particularly Austria and Switzerland.",[],[],{"id":1548,"name":1549,"region":229,"continent":33,"isoCode":1550,"description":1551,"genres":1552,"submissions":1553},"9d4e114a-6cca-4cb6-8d46-fd513b9156cf","Myanmar","MMR","Myanmar's classical music tradition features the hsaing waing, a unique tuned drum circle ensemble that serves as the centerpiece of traditional orchestral performance. The saung gauk (arched harp) is the national instrument, one of the few surviving examples of an ancient harp tradition in Asia. Mahagita, the collection of classical songs, represents a sophisticated art music tradition. Burmese music employs a distinctive tuning system. The country's many ethnic groups - Shan, Karen, Kachin, Mon, and others - maintain separate musical traditions. Thangyat (satirical musical theater) is a popular folk form.",[],[],[1555,1571,1584,1596,1609,1621,1633,1646,1660,1673,1685,1698,1711,1723,1736,1748,1760,1773,1786,1799,1811,1824,1837,1849,1861,1874,1887,1900,1912,1924,1937,1949,1961,1974,1987,2000,2012,2025,2038,2050,2062,2074,2087,2099,2111,2124,2137,2149,2161,2175,2188,2201,2213,2225,2237,2249,2261,2274,2286,2298,2310,2322,2335,2348,2361,2373,2385,2398,2410,2422,2435,2447,2461,2474,2486,2500,2513,2526,2539,2551,2564,2576,2588,2600,2612,2625,2637,2650,2663,2675,2688,2701,2713,2725,2738,2750,2762,2774,2786,2799,2811,2824,2836,2848,2860,2872,2884,2896,2908,2921,2934,2946,2958,2971,2983,2995,3007,3019,3032,3045,3058,3071,3083,3096,3109,3121,3133,3145,3157,3169,3182,3195,3207,3219,3232,3246,3259,3271,3284,3296,3308,3320,3333,3346,3359,3371,3383,3396,3409,3422,3434,3446,3458,3470,3482,3494,3506,3519,3531,3543,3555,3567,3579,3591,3603,3616,3628,3640,3652,3664,3676,3688,3701,3713,3726,3738,3750,3762,3774,3786,3800,3812,3824,3836,3848,3860,3873,3886,3899,3911,3923,3936,3948,3962,3975,3988,4001,4014,4026,4038,4050,4062,4075,4087,4099,4111,4123,4135,4147,4159,4172,4184,4196,4208,4222,4234,4246,4258,4271,4284,4296,4308,4320,4332,4344,4356,4368,4381,4393,4405,4417,4429,4441,4453,4466,4478,4490,4502,4515,4527,4540,4552,4564,4577,4589,4601,4614,4626,4638,4650,4663,4675,4688,4701,4714,4726,4738,4750,4762,4775,4787,4799,4811,4823,4835,4848,4860,4872,4884,4896,4908,4920,4932,4944,4956,4968,4980,4993,5006,5018,5030,5042,5054,5066,5078,5090,5102,5115,5127,5139,5151,5163,5175,5187,5200,5212,5224,5237,5249,5261,5273,5286,5299,5311,5323,5335,5347,5359,5372,5385,5397,5409,5421,5433,5445,5457,5469,5481,5495,5507,5519,5531,5543,5555,5567,5579,5591,5603,5615,5628,5640,5652,5665,5677,5689,5701,5713,5725,5737,5749,5761,5774,5786,5798,5810,5822,5834,5846,5858,5870,5882,5894,5906,5918,5930,5943,5955,5967,5979,5992,6004,6018,6030,6042,6054,6066,6078,6091,6103,6115,6128,6140,6154,6166,6179,6191,6203,6215,6228,6241,6253,6265,6277,6289,6301,6313,6325,6338,6350,6363,6375,6388,6400,6413,6426,6438,6451,6463,6475,6487,6499,6511,6523,6535,6547,6560,6572,6584,6596,6608,6620,6632,6644,6656,6669,6681,6693,6705,6717,6729,6741,6753,6765,6779,6791,6803,6816,6828,6840,6853,6865,6877,6889,6901,6914,6926,6938,6950,6962,6974,6986,6998,7010,7022,7034,7046,7058,7068,7080,7092,7104,7116,7128,7140,7153,7165,7177,7189,7201,7213,7225,7237,7249,7261,7273,7285,7297,7309,7321,7333,7346,7358,7370,7383,7395,7407,7419,7431,7443,7455,7467,7479,7491,7504,7517,7529,7541,7554,7566,7578,7590,7602,7614,7626,7638,7650,7662,7674,7687,7699,7711,7723,7735,7747,7759,7771,7783,7795,7807,7819,7831,7843,7855,7867,7879,7891,7903,7916,7928,7940,7952,7964,7976,7988,8000,8012,8024,8036,8049,8061,8073,8085,8097,8109,8121,8134,8146,8158,8170,8182,8194,8207,8219,8232,8244,8256,8269,8281,8293,8306,8318,8330,8342,8354,8366,8378,8390,8402,8414,8426,8438,8450,8462,8474,8486,8498,8510,8523,8535,8547,8559,8571,8583,8595,8607,8619,8631,8643,8655,8667,8679,8691,8703,8715,8727,8739,8751,8764,8776,8788,8800,8812,8824,8836,8848,8860,8872,8884,8896,8908,8920,8932,8944,8956,8969,8981,8994,9006,9018,9030,9042,9054],{"id":1556,"authorId":1557,"name":1558,"description":1559,"startYear":1560,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1563,"instruments":1564,"aliases":1565,"sources":1566,"similarGenres":1567,"subGenres":1568,"parentGenres":1569,"contributors":1570},"2243e658-a8e2-4d9c-b213-00135cf74576","305f735b-e4df-4383-6224-08deabb92c1a","Gqom","Durban club music with stark drums, dark bass pressure, and minimal melodic content.",2010,false,null,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1572,"authorId":1557,"name":1573,"description":1574,"startYear":1575,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1576,"instruments":1577,"aliases":1578,"sources":1579,"similarGenres":1580,"subGenres":1581,"parentGenres":1582,"contributors":1583},"de685243-2980-458f-aed6-00de578217e9","Bubblegum (South African Pop)","A glossy, synth-driven South African pop style of the 1980s that grew out of disco and mbaqanga, with stars like Brenda Fassie and Yvonne Chaka Chaka. It was hugely popular across the continent during and after apartheid.",1980,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1585,"authorId":1557,"name":1586,"description":1587,"startYear":1575,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1588,"instruments":1589,"aliases":1590,"sources":1591,"similarGenres":1592,"subGenres":1593,"parentGenres":1594,"contributors":1595},"ca4c6add-ad69-41f6-84a7-0166c9147433","Skiladiko","Greek nightclub popular style tied to urban nightlife, emotional singing, and dance hits.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1597,"authorId":1557,"name":1598,"description":1599,"startYear":1600,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1601,"instruments":1602,"aliases":1603,"sources":1604,"similarGenres":1605,"subGenres":1606,"parentGenres":1607,"contributors":1608},"373b3c00-dbed-4d1b-b330-029342593ef0","Marrabenta","An upbeat Mozambican popular music blending local Ronga and Tsonga rhythms with Portuguese and South African pop influences. Traditionally played on homemade guitars, it became the national sound of urban Maputo.",1950,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1610,"authorId":1557,"name":1611,"description":1612,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1613,"instruments":1614,"aliases":1615,"sources":1616,"similarGenres":1617,"subGenres":1618,"parentGenres":1619,"contributors":1620},"5c0ce34a-1aa3-47e8-8e8b-02a45f3d212d","Assyrian Folk Music","Traditional music of the Assyrian diaspora communities of the Middle East, featuring zurna and davul alongside songs in Neo-Aramaic. Repertoire ranges from wedding dances to laments and church-influenced melodies.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1622,"authorId":1557,"name":1623,"description":1624,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1625,"instruments":1626,"aliases":1627,"sources":1628,"similarGenres":1629,"subGenres":1630,"parentGenres":1631,"contributors":1632},"a17e157c-d2dd-4ceb-9db6-02d2406ec209","Sawt","Urban art music of the Arabian Gulf, blending Arabic, African, and Indian influences. Sung with oud and mirwas drums, sawt features intricate vocal ornamentation and complex rhythmic cycles.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1634,"authorId":1557,"name":1635,"description":1636,"startYear":1637,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1638,"instruments":1639,"aliases":1640,"sources":1641,"similarGenres":1642,"subGenres":1643,"parentGenres":1644,"contributors":1645},"3362fd2e-67fa-45db-aa5f-02e130a09ba3","K-R&B","K-R&B emerged as a distinct strain of Korean pop in the 2010s, influenced by contemporary American R&B, with more introspective, mature themes than mainstream K-pop. Dean, Crush, Heize, and pH-1 built a devoted domestic and international following.",2012,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1647,"authorId":1557,"name":1648,"description":1649,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":1651,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1652,"instruments":1653,"aliases":1654,"sources":1655,"similarGenres":1656,"subGenres":1657,"parentGenres":1658,"contributors":1659},"953ef7bc-6c00-41fc-bc98-02e81b3297db","Capoeira Music","Afro-Brazilian roda music led by berimbau, response singing, and rhythms that guide capoeira play.",true,"Rooted in the resistance of enslaved Africans in Brazil, capoeira music carries sensitive histories of slavery and cultural preservation.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1661,"authorId":1557,"name":1662,"description":1663,"startYear":1664,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1665,"instruments":1666,"aliases":1667,"sources":1668,"similarGenres":1669,"subGenres":1670,"parentGenres":1671,"contributors":1672},"555ce6b4-2656-417c-a5a5-030d404d5c8c","Boogie (Post-Disco)","Boogie is a post-disco style that developed in the early 1980s, bridging disco, funk, and the rise of electronic R&B. It is marked by synthesizer basslines, electronic drums, slap bass, and a slightly slower, more syncopated groove than classic disco.",1981,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1674,"authorId":1557,"name":1675,"description":1676,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1677,"instruments":1678,"aliases":1679,"sources":1680,"similarGenres":1681,"subGenres":1682,"parentGenres":1683,"contributors":1684},"394140f9-f48e-4bf4-9b51-04071bdae034","Dhrupad","The oldest surviving genre of Hindustani classical vocal music, characterized by slow, meditative alap and rhythmic compositions in austere style. Performed traditionally with tanpura and pakhawaj accompaniment.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1686,"authorId":1557,"name":1687,"description":1688,"startYear":1689,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1690,"instruments":1691,"aliases":1692,"sources":1693,"similarGenres":1694,"subGenres":1695,"parentGenres":1696,"contributors":1697},"f4633d6f-193f-484e-898e-04775e168af1","Afropop","Afropop (or Afro-pop) is a broad umbrella for African popular music from the 1970s onwards that fuses traditional African elements with Western pop and rock structures — distinct from Afrobeats, which is the 21st-century Nigerian-led style. It encompasses diverse traditions from highlife pop to pan-African crossover.",1970,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1699,"authorId":1557,"name":1700,"description":1701,"startYear":1702,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1703,"instruments":1704,"aliases":1705,"sources":1706,"similarGenres":1707,"subGenres":1708,"parentGenres":1709,"contributors":1710},"89f083f7-b0f6-4ab9-b1f5-049d250eb5e1","Psychedelic Rock","Psychedelic rock emerged mid-1960s in the US and UK, using studio manipulation, distorted guitars, and extended structures to evoke altered states. Jimi Hendrix, Jefferson Airplane, Pink Floyd, and The Beatles' late work defined its many variants, seeding progressive rock, heavy metal, and alternative music.",1965,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1712,"authorId":1557,"name":1713,"description":1714,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1715,"instruments":1716,"aliases":1717,"sources":1718,"similarGenres":1719,"subGenres":1720,"parentGenres":1721,"contributors":1722},"b32ea155-abc5-4a41-8499-04b42da531d4","Gaita Zuliana","A Venezuelan folk genre from Zulia state, traditionally performed during Christmas season with furro friction drum, cuatro, maracas, and charrasca. Its lyrics address religious devotion, social commentary, and regional pride.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1724,"authorId":1557,"name":1725,"description":1726,"startYear":1727,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1728,"instruments":1729,"aliases":1730,"sources":1731,"similarGenres":1732,"subGenres":1733,"parentGenres":1734,"contributors":1735},"552b1846-905a-4e21-9277-04e0a01d33a4","Albanian Iso-Polyphony","A traditional multi-voice vocal style from southern Albania involving a taker, turner, and drone group singing in close-interval harmony. It was proclaimed a UNESCO Masterpiece of Intangible Heritage in 2005.",1500,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1737,"authorId":1557,"name":1738,"description":1739,"startYear":1727,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1740,"instruments":1741,"aliases":1742,"sources":1743,"similarGenres":1744,"subGenres":1745,"parentGenres":1746,"contributors":1747},"f8220f02-fdde-40b8-bdef-05a6664c0806","Gharnati (Algeria\u002FMorocco)","Gharnati is an Andalusi classical music tradition associated with the city of Granada and preserved in Algeria (notably Tlemcen and Algiers) and Morocco (Oujda, Rabat) after the expulsions from Iberia. It is organized into nawba suites combining sung poetry with instruments such as the oud, rabab, kamanja, and darbuka. The style is closely related to the broader Andalusi family that also includes Algerian sana'a and Moroccan al-ala.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1749,"authorId":1557,"name":1750,"description":1751,"startYear":1689,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1752,"instruments":1753,"aliases":1754,"sources":1755,"similarGenres":1756,"subGenres":1757,"parentGenres":1758,"contributors":1759},"c00203dd-d6f6-4cac-bcac-06136b0cf6da","Doom Metal","Doom metal takes its slow tempos, heavy riffing, and atmosphere of dread from early Black Sabbath, developing into distinct sub-styles from traditional doom to funeral doom. Candlemass, Cathedral, My Dying Bride, and Electric Wizard are key acts.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1761,"authorId":1557,"name":1762,"description":1763,"startYear":1764,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1765,"instruments":1766,"aliases":1767,"sources":1768,"similarGenres":1769,"subGenres":1770,"parentGenres":1771,"contributors":1772},"1d88d9cf-714b-436c-bd21-062589afac62","Indie Rock","Indie rock emerged from post-punk as guitar music released on independent labels, evolving from a distribution category to a stylistic one. It spans jangly college rock (REM, The Smiths) to lo-fi noise (Pavement, Guided by Voices) to polished indie anthems (Arcade Fire, Arctic Monkeys).",1984,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1774,"authorId":1557,"name":1775,"description":1776,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":1777,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1778,"instruments":1779,"aliases":1780,"sources":1781,"similarGenres":1782,"subGenres":1783,"parentGenres":1784,"contributors":1785},"12d12672-f189-4d9e-b6e4-0647b3e2280d","Jongo","Afro-Brazilian song and dance tradition with drums, response singing, and improvised verses.","Jongo originated among enslaved Africans on coffee plantations, and its sacred and ancestral dimensions require respectful treatment.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1787,"authorId":1557,"name":1788,"description":1789,"startYear":1790,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1791,"instruments":1792,"aliases":1793,"sources":1794,"similarGenres":1795,"subGenres":1796,"parentGenres":1797,"contributors":1798},"e061d88c-55af-4e68-82de-06a9a56ea21d","Chicago House","Chicago House emerged in the early 1980s from Chicago clubs like the Warehouse and Music Box, where DJs extended disco, electronic and soul records with drum machines. The sound is defined by a four-on-the-floor Roland TR-808\u002F909 pulse, sampled vocals and Jack-oriented basslines, and it laid the foundation for house music worldwide.",1983,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1800,"authorId":1557,"name":1801,"description":1802,"startYear":1689,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1803,"instruments":1804,"aliases":1805,"sources":1806,"similarGenres":1807,"subGenres":1808,"parentGenres":1809,"contributors":1810},"06dbd510-af3a-4d46-8b15-06e0be6db386","Pinoy Rock","A Filipino rock tradition sung primarily in Tagalog that emerged from the Manila scene around 1970. Juan de la Cruz Band, Eraserheads, and Rivermaya shaped successive generations of the genre.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1812,"authorId":1557,"name":1813,"description":1814,"startYear":1815,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1816,"instruments":1817,"aliases":1818,"sources":1819,"similarGenres":1820,"subGenres":1821,"parentGenres":1822,"contributors":1823},"1bfb32d0-85f8-408f-b4a5-070bc0d6f230","Gospel","Gospel music is African-American Christian music rooted in church traditions, drawing on blues, spirituals, and hymns. Thomas A. Dorsey codified gospel as a genre in the 1920s, and it has been the emotional and musical bedrock of soul, R&B, and rock and roll.",1920,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1825,"authorId":1557,"name":1826,"description":1827,"startYear":1828,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1829,"instruments":1830,"aliases":1831,"sources":1832,"similarGenres":1833,"subGenres":1834,"parentGenres":1835,"contributors":1836},"a43e4856-6dfe-4973-a1e3-079375db6353","Taarab Modern","A modernized electronic-oriented variant of Swahili taarab from Tanzania known as 'modern taarab' or mipasho, with pointed lyrical jabs between women's groups. It retains the Arab-Indian melodic flavor of classical taarab.",1990,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1838,"authorId":1557,"name":1839,"description":1840,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1841,"instruments":1842,"aliases":1843,"sources":1844,"similarGenres":1845,"subGenres":1846,"parentGenres":1847,"contributors":1848},"84ddc69f-a96c-459d-993e-0856efef1c39","Bongo Ngoma","A Tanzanian coastal drumming tradition performed at weddings and community celebrations, particularly around Dar es Salaam. Layered hand-drum patterns accompany call-and-response vocals and dance.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1850,"authorId":1557,"name":1851,"description":1852,"startYear":1815,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1853,"instruments":1854,"aliases":1855,"sources":1856,"similarGenres":1857,"subGenres":1858,"parentGenres":1859,"contributors":1860},"2fa5c92d-500f-4834-b94e-08837a099faf","East African Popular Music","East African Popular Music is an umbrella term for urban popular styles from Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda and neighboring countries, including benga, taarab, bongo flava and Swahili pop. It is typically sung in Swahili or local languages, often blends guitar-driven grooves with regional rhythms, and has long drawn on Congolese rumba and soukous influences.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1862,"authorId":1557,"name":1863,"description":1864,"startYear":1865,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1866,"instruments":1867,"aliases":1868,"sources":1869,"similarGenres":1870,"subGenres":1871,"parentGenres":1872,"contributors":1873},"7eabd7c7-e67d-407e-af11-08994593d72c","Ragga (Digital Dancehall)","Ragga, or digital dancehall, emerged in Jamaica in the mid-1980s when producers like King Jammy built riddims from digital drum machines and synthesizers instead of live bands, starting with Wayne Smith's \"Under Mi Sleng Teng\". The style features rapid-fire DJ\u002FMC vocals over programmed riddims and reshaped dancehall into its modern form.",1985,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1875,"authorId":1557,"name":1876,"description":1877,"startYear":1878,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1879,"instruments":1880,"aliases":1881,"sources":1882,"similarGenres":1883,"subGenres":1884,"parentGenres":1885,"contributors":1886},"b522d7b3-92d7-456a-aa9e-08a36245a711","Northern Soul","Northern soul was a UK working-class dance movement from the late 1960s centred on rare American soul 45s that the mainstream market had overlooked. The Wigan Casino and Twisted Wheel in Manchester were its temples, and its athletic dance style became a defining subcultural marker.",1968,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1888,"authorId":1557,"name":1889,"description":1890,"startYear":1891,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1892,"instruments":1893,"aliases":1894,"sources":1895,"similarGenres":1896,"subGenres":1897,"parentGenres":1898,"contributors":1899},"3ebe09d3-2d2f-4888-943d-08a74f3b4675","Berlin Techno","Berlin techno developed after German reunification in 1989, when derelict East Berlin buildings became venues for all-night parties. Artists like Hardfloor and Tanith, later Berghain residents, built a harder, darker, more industrial sound than Detroit's original, and Berlin became the world capital of club culture.",1989,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1901,"authorId":1557,"name":1902,"description":1903,"startYear":1828,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1904,"instruments":1905,"aliases":1906,"sources":1907,"similarGenres":1908,"subGenres":1909,"parentGenres":1910,"contributors":1911},"f6ef5c9b-7222-4dba-8fb2-09e35491e18b","Zouglou","Ivorian social commentary music with group vocals, campus origins, and grooving danceable rhythm.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1913,"authorId":1557,"name":1914,"description":1915,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1916,"instruments":1917,"aliases":1918,"sources":1919,"similarGenres":1920,"subGenres":1921,"parentGenres":1922,"contributors":1923},"77c00d62-9782-4e31-9818-0b8ca86dd406","Chastushka","Russian folk genre of short, witty rhymed verses, often humorous or satirical, sung to simple repeating melodies accompanied by accordion or balalaika. Improvised at weddings and village gatherings.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1925,"authorId":1557,"name":1926,"description":1927,"startYear":1928,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1929,"instruments":1930,"aliases":1931,"sources":1932,"similarGenres":1933,"subGenres":1934,"parentGenres":1935,"contributors":1936},"d4cb1962-eee2-4826-8926-0b907fc6c2ed","Russian Romance","Russian urban art song tradition of the 19th century, combining lyric poetry with sentimental melodies for voice and guitar or piano. A parlor genre that later influenced Soviet estrada.",1800,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1938,"authorId":1557,"name":1939,"description":1940,"startYear":1727,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1941,"instruments":1942,"aliases":1943,"sources":1944,"similarGenres":1945,"subGenres":1946,"parentGenres":1947,"contributors":1948},"ef4a1754-0df2-42f5-8a83-0cce09247697","Malhun","A sung urban poetic tradition of Morocco rooted in Andalusian and Sufi heritage, performed by a solo male vocalist with chorus and instruments including oud, violin, and percussion. Lyrics address love, mysticism, and social commentary.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1950,"authorId":1557,"name":1951,"description":1952,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1953,"instruments":1954,"aliases":1955,"sources":1956,"similarGenres":1957,"subGenres":1958,"parentGenres":1959,"contributors":1960},"9ab6d78e-09e0-4747-8ffd-0d23704a69ba","Turku","Turkish folk music built around baglama, regional dance rhythms, and narrative song traditions.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1962,"authorId":1557,"name":1963,"description":1964,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":1965,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1966,"instruments":1967,"aliases":1968,"sources":1969,"similarGenres":1970,"subGenres":1971,"parentGenres":1972,"contributors":1973},"cc25d9ba-0c1e-4061-b0fe-0ddc8f69cb04","Stambeli","A Tunisian trance and healing music of Sub-Saharan-descended communities, centered on the gumbri lute and metal shqashiq. Like Moroccan Gnawa, it accompanies ceremonies invoking saints and spirits.","Stambeli emerged from histories of enslavement across the Sahara and its ritual contexts raise questions when performed in staged or touristic settings.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1975,"authorId":1557,"name":1976,"description":1977,"startYear":1978,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1979,"instruments":1980,"aliases":1981,"sources":1982,"similarGenres":1983,"subGenres":1984,"parentGenres":1985,"contributors":1986},"75c8b7a5-c65d-4a3d-964a-0def203c45f8","Genge","An early Kenyan hip hop subgenre coined by Jua Cali and producer Clemo, rapping in Sheng over beats blending hip hop with local rhythms. It paved the way for a Kenyan urban music identity.",2000,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":1988,"authorId":1557,"name":1989,"description":1990,"startYear":1991,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":1992,"instruments":1993,"aliases":1994,"sources":1995,"similarGenres":1996,"subGenres":1997,"parentGenres":1998,"contributors":1999},"9dcbe79f-a1bb-4117-9230-0f10eeea51e6","Verde","Cape Verdean dance music from Santiago that grows from batuque and funana into modern popular forms.",1960,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2001,"authorId":1557,"name":2002,"description":2003,"startYear":1689,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2004,"instruments":2005,"aliases":2006,"sources":2007,"similarGenres":2008,"subGenres":2009,"parentGenres":2010,"contributors":2011},"9db69be1-4383-4456-95b7-107d46b1c247","Roots Reggae","Roots reggae is a strand of reggae that rose to prominence in 1970s Jamaica, centered on Rastafari spirituality, African heritage, and social justice themes. It is characterized by deep bass lines, one-drop drumming, spacious dub-influenced arrangements, and lyrics drawing on biblical and Pan-African imagery.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2013,"authorId":1557,"name":2014,"description":2015,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":2016,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2017,"instruments":2018,"aliases":2019,"sources":2020,"similarGenres":2021,"subGenres":2022,"parentGenres":2023,"contributors":2024},"bd1ac8bd-956b-49e3-b9f7-1082c114543b","Liwa","Afro-Arab dance music of the Arabian Peninsula brought by East African communities, featuring the mizmar reed pipe and large drums. Performed at weddings and celebrations in the Gulf states.","Associated with descendants of East Africans brought to the Gulf through the Indian Ocean slave trade.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2026,"authorId":1557,"name":2027,"description":2028,"startYear":2029,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2030,"instruments":2031,"aliases":2032,"sources":2033,"similarGenres":2034,"subGenres":2035,"parentGenres":2036,"contributors":2037},"a96cdd24-3774-4fc6-9031-108322d2904a","Blues","Blues is an African-American genre from the Deep South rooted in spirituals, work songs, and field hollers, crystallised in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Its twelve-bar form, blue notes, and emotional guitar and vocal expression became the foundation of rock, jazz, soul, and virtually all Western popular music.",1900,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2039,"authorId":1557,"name":2040,"description":2041,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2042,"instruments":2043,"aliases":2044,"sources":2045,"similarGenres":2046,"subGenres":2047,"parentGenres":2048,"contributors":2049},"6e72101a-2685-48d8-a36e-11be657d2538","Bhajan","Devotional Hindu songs expressing love and praise for a deity, often performed in call-and-response style with harmonium and tabla accompaniment. Bhajans range from simple folk renditions to elaborate classical settings.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2051,"authorId":1557,"name":2052,"description":2053,"startYear":1689,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2054,"instruments":2055,"aliases":2056,"sources":2057,"similarGenres":2058,"subGenres":2059,"parentGenres":2060,"contributors":2061},"9feb259c-452b-4d0a-98bf-129f7a7e40b2","Makassy","A Tanzanian offshoot of Congolese rumba led by bands such as Orchestra Makassy, blending Lingala and Swahili lyrics over interlocking guitars and horns. It was a key East African dance music of the late 20th century.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2063,"authorId":1557,"name":2064,"description":2065,"startYear":1689,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2066,"instruments":2067,"aliases":2068,"sources":2069,"similarGenres":2070,"subGenres":2071,"parentGenres":2072,"contributors":2073},"debe11f1-a179-4f91-b7e1-133871931658","Phleng Phuea Chiwit","A Thai 'songs for life' genre of socially engaged folk-rock that emerged during the 1970s student movements. Led by Caravan and Carabao, it mixes Western folk-rock with Thai melodic sensibilities.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2075,"authorId":1557,"name":2076,"description":2077,"startYear":2078,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2079,"instruments":2080,"aliases":2081,"sources":2082,"similarGenres":2083,"subGenres":2084,"parentGenres":2085,"contributors":2086},"01a126f9-1d1a-4b70-9f9f-13e077dcea55","Bolero","Bolero is a slow, romantic Latin American song form that emerged in late 19th-century Cuba and spread across Mexico and the wider Spanish-speaking world in the 20th century. Built on expressive vocals, guitar or piano accompaniment, and lyrics centred on love and longing, it became a core idiom of trio and orchestral romantic music.",1880,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2088,"authorId":1557,"name":2089,"description":2090,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2091,"instruments":2092,"aliases":2093,"sources":2094,"similarGenres":2095,"subGenres":2096,"parentGenres":2097,"contributors":2098},"c51747aa-b94b-474d-aa9f-1411a7fe97fa","Klapa","A Croatian a cappella singing tradition from the Dalmatian coast, featuring close male harmonies inspired by Mediterranean church and folk song. UNESCO inscribed it as Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2012.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2100,"authorId":1557,"name":2101,"description":2102,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2103,"instruments":2104,"aliases":2105,"sources":2106,"similarGenres":2107,"subGenres":2108,"parentGenres":2109,"contributors":2110},"f9641c58-04fa-4749-89a5-14458246635a","Son Jarocho","A regional Mexican folk style from Veracruz that blends Spanish, Indigenous, and African elements, featuring jarana guitars, requinto, harp, and zapateado dancing on a wooden platform. 'La Bamba' is its most internationally famous song.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2112,"authorId":1557,"name":2113,"description":2114,"startYear":2115,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2116,"instruments":2117,"aliases":2118,"sources":2119,"similarGenres":2120,"subGenres":2121,"parentGenres":2122,"contributors":2123},"46c0b555-57a8-4c9e-97c8-145392e7328a","Trap","Trap is a subgenre of hip-hop that developed in Atlanta in the early 2000s, named after 'trap houses' referenced in its lyrics. Productions are built on booming 808 bass, crisp layered hi-hats with triplet and stutter patterns, sparse minor-key melodies, and half-time drum feels. Pioneered by producers and artists such as T.I., Gucci Mane, Shawty Redd, Lex Luger, and later Metro Boomin, it became a dominant global pop sound in the 2010s.",2003,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2125,"authorId":1557,"name":2126,"description":2127,"startYear":2128,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2129,"instruments":2130,"aliases":2131,"sources":2132,"similarGenres":2133,"subGenres":2134,"parentGenres":2135,"contributors":2136},"0999e612-8b94-4378-b6a1-145711fa0d62","Changui","Cuban changui built around tres, marimbula, bongos, and a syncopated rural groove.",1860,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2138,"authorId":1557,"name":2139,"description":2140,"startYear":1815,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2141,"instruments":2142,"aliases":2143,"sources":2144,"similarGenres":2145,"subGenres":2146,"parentGenres":2147,"contributors":2148},"142fa12f-bbc6-4305-ba1b-14696bdc5104","Isicathamiya","A soft, carefully harmonized Zulu a cappella style developed by migrant mine workers in South Africa, popularized globally by Ladysmith Black Mambazo. Its name refers to the gentle tip-toe choreography that accompanies it.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2150,"authorId":1557,"name":2151,"description":2152,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2153,"instruments":2154,"aliases":2155,"sources":2156,"similarGenres":2157,"subGenres":2158,"parentGenres":2159,"contributors":2160},"8618b65e-4408-4199-b60f-14f47f27cab0","Lavani","A vibrant Marathi folk genre combining traditional song and dance, noted for its powerful rhythm, often performed to the beat of the dholki. Lavani addresses themes of love, society, and politics.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2162,"authorId":1557,"name":2163,"description":2164,"startYear":2165,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":2166,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2167,"instruments":2168,"aliases":2169,"sources":2170,"similarGenres":2171,"subGenres":2172,"parentGenres":2173,"contributors":2174},"68e36161-c30b-426c-aaf0-15a7cbae0bde","Sufi Music (South Asia)","Sufi music of South Asia encompasses devotional traditions tied to Sufi Islam, most prominently qawwali, as well as kafi and sung poetry in Punjabi, Urdu, Persian, and Sindhi. Performances emphasise repetition, rhythmic intensification, and ecstatic vocal improvisation intended to evoke spiritual states, often at dargahs (shrines). Lineages such as the Qawwal Bachchon gharana and figures like Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan and the Sabri Brothers brought the tradition international recognition.",1200,"The music is rooted in living Islamic devotional practice, and some Sufi shrines and performers have been targets of sectarian violence, so secular or commercial reframing should be handled with care.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2176,"authorId":1557,"name":2177,"description":2178,"startYear":2179,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2180,"instruments":2181,"aliases":2182,"sources":2183,"similarGenres":2184,"subGenres":2185,"parentGenres":2186,"contributors":2187},"7cef94b0-1811-4b29-8c00-15b42502c498","Norteno","Northern Mexican style built on accordion, bajo sexto, polka pulse, and corrido or ranchera songs.",1930,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2189,"authorId":1557,"name":2190,"description":2191,"startYear":2192,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2193,"instruments":2194,"aliases":2195,"sources":2196,"similarGenres":2197,"subGenres":2198,"parentGenres":2199,"contributors":2200},"82ccd0d0-822f-4055-80d1-15edf84e87b6","Post-Dubstep","Post-dubstep describes artists who absorbed dubstep's sparse rhythms and heavy sub-bass into more song-focused contexts, incorporating R&B and soul. James Blake, Jamie Woon, and Mount Kimbie were its defining voices, and it was one of the most critically acclaimed UK sounds of the early 2010s.",2009,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2202,"authorId":1557,"name":2203,"description":2204,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2205,"instruments":2206,"aliases":2207,"sources":2208,"similarGenres":2209,"subGenres":2210,"parentGenres":2211,"contributors":2212},"5173ec67-d87a-4b7d-b451-1640271db04c","Ashik","Turkish tradition of wandering poet-minstrels who accompany themselves on saz, singing improvised verses on love, mysticism, and social themes. Related to the broader Caucasus ashiq tradition.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2214,"authorId":1557,"name":2215,"description":2216,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2217,"instruments":2218,"aliases":2219,"sources":2220,"similarGenres":2221,"subGenres":2222,"parentGenres":2223,"contributors":2224},"283a2cb4-665c-4524-bd04-1649c6bcace6","Urtiin Duu","The Mongolian 'long song' tradition characterized by extremely extended melismatic syllables, wide vocal ranges, and philosophical lyrics about the steppe. UNESCO inscribed it jointly with China in 2008.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2226,"authorId":1557,"name":2227,"description":2228,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2229,"instruments":2230,"aliases":2231,"sources":2232,"similarGenres":2233,"subGenres":2234,"parentGenres":2235,"contributors":2236},"ee9beca5-f6e9-4e53-87f9-170521bc0ca2","Joropo","The national music and dance of the Venezuelan and Colombian llanos plains, driven by harp, cuatro, maracas, and virtuosic improvised singing. Its 3\u002F4 and 6\u002F8 cross-rhythms accompany fast, cowboy-inspired footwork.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2238,"authorId":1557,"name":2239,"description":2240,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2241,"instruments":2242,"aliases":2243,"sources":2244,"similarGenres":2245,"subGenres":2246,"parentGenres":2247,"contributors":2248},"2b6c8e9f-64dc-47f7-9dd6-179229969373","Nagauta","Long narrative song genre of Japanese kabuki theater, featuring shamisen ensembles with flutes and drums. Developed in the Edo period as accompaniment to dance and dramatic scenes.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2250,"authorId":1557,"name":2251,"description":2252,"startYear":2115,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2253,"instruments":2254,"aliases":2255,"sources":2256,"similarGenres":2257,"subGenres":2258,"parentGenres":2259,"contributors":2260},"30707bd4-5082-4859-8e6d-17c9f15ebaba","Bassline","Bassline (niche or 4×4) developed in Sheffield, Leeds, and Nottingham from UK garage, distinguished by a four-to-the-floor kick, heavy rolling bass riffs, and vocal samples. It dominated northern English club scenes in the mid-2000s before spreading nationally.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2262,"authorId":1557,"name":2263,"description":2264,"startYear":1928,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":2265,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2266,"instruments":2267,"aliases":2268,"sources":2269,"similarGenres":2270,"subGenres":2271,"parentGenres":2272,"contributors":2273},"1ea053f1-56bf-4419-931e-181e62cf1534","Candombe","An Afro-Uruguayan drumming, song and dance tradition played on chico, repique and piano drums during Carnival comparsas. It originated among enslaved Africans in Montevideo and is UNESCO-recognized heritage.","Rooted in the experience of enslaved Africans in the Río de la Plata and considered patrimony of Afro-Uruguayan communities.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2275,"authorId":1557,"name":2276,"description":2277,"startYear":1727,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2278,"instruments":2279,"aliases":2280,"sources":2281,"similarGenres":2282,"subGenres":2283,"parentGenres":2284,"contributors":2285},"5ba36013-35f5-4640-8f99-191a6c5c9e1f","Ma'luf (Tunisia)","Ma'luf is the Tunisian branch of the Andalusian classical tradition brought to North Africa by Muslims and Jews expelled from Al-Andalus. It is organized into suites (nubat) performed by ensembles of oud, rebab, violin, qanun, and percussion with chorus, and is considered a cornerstone of Tunisian cultural heritage.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2287,"authorId":1557,"name":2288,"description":2289,"startYear":1828,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2290,"instruments":2291,"aliases":2292,"sources":2293,"similarGenres":2294,"subGenres":2295,"parentGenres":2296,"contributors":2297},"63d8b866-fab5-434b-8868-19dd5230f259","Chalga","A Bulgarian pop-folk genre blending ethnic Balkan, Turkish, Arabic, and Romani elements with electronic pop production. Emerging after the fall of communism, it fills nightclubs with sung melodrama and belly-dance rhythms.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2299,"authorId":1557,"name":2300,"description":2301,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2302,"instruments":2303,"aliases":2304,"sources":2305,"similarGenres":2306,"subGenres":2307,"parentGenres":2308,"contributors":2309},"42c3eae3-2a74-49f9-bfcc-1a72727c0f7e","Kilumi","A Kamba drumming and dance tradition from eastern Kenya performed primarily by women during rain-invocation and healing ceremonies. Large drums accompany ululations and trance-inducing movements.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2311,"authorId":1557,"name":2312,"description":2313,"startYear":1928,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2314,"instruments":2315,"aliases":2316,"sources":2317,"similarGenres":2318,"subGenres":2319,"parentGenres":2320,"contributors":2321},"3bdf9827-a561-4885-bd33-1b3d906cbce4","Levantine Folk","Levantine folk encompasses the traditional musics of Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, and Palestine, performed at weddings, harvests, and community gatherings. Characteristic genres include dabke dance songs driven by mijwiz, tablah, and derbake, alongside ataaba and mijana sung poetry in colloquial Arabic.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2323,"authorId":1557,"name":2324,"description":2325,"startYear":2326,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2327,"instruments":2328,"aliases":2329,"sources":2330,"similarGenres":2331,"subGenres":2332,"parentGenres":2333,"contributors":2334},"1d3a5b18-babc-435b-845e-1b7e070094c5","Rap Lao","Lao-language hip hop that blends Western boom-bap and trap production with molam and luk thung Lao influences. It developed in Vientiane and among diaspora communities in the late 1990s and 2000s.",1995,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2336,"authorId":1557,"name":2337,"description":2338,"startYear":2339,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2340,"instruments":2341,"aliases":2342,"sources":2343,"similarGenres":2344,"subGenres":2345,"parentGenres":2346,"contributors":2347},"82521082-83d9-4cbd-925f-1c6ebc9a209d","Bossa Nova","Brazilian style combining samba rhythm and jazz harmony with understated vocals and nylon-string guitar.",1958,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2349,"authorId":1557,"name":2350,"description":2351,"startYear":1815,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":2352,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2353,"instruments":2354,"aliases":2355,"sources":2356,"similarGenres":2357,"subGenres":2358,"parentGenres":2359,"contributors":2360},"bacfe231-944a-4211-a90d-1d1ffb14917b","Russian Chanson","Russian urban song genre rooted in criminal and prison ballads (blatnaya pesnya), blending sentiment, underworld slang, and gypsy romance. Widely popular on post-Soviet radio and with taxi-driver audiences.","Associated historically with Soviet prison-camp culture and criminal subcultures.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2362,"authorId":1557,"name":2363,"description":2364,"startYear":2029,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2365,"instruments":2366,"aliases":2367,"sources":2368,"similarGenres":2369,"subGenres":2370,"parentGenres":2371,"contributors":2372},"c44b574c-e9f1-4e31-972a-1d88c877a020","Latin Caribbean","Latin Caribbean is an umbrella term for the Spanish-language popular musics of the Caribbean, including Cuban son, mambo, and timba, Puerto Rican bomba, plena, and salsa, and Dominican merengue and bachata. These styles share African-derived percussion, clave-based rhythmic feel, and a long history of cross-island exchange and diasporic spread.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2374,"authorId":1557,"name":2375,"description":2376,"startYear":2179,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2377,"instruments":2378,"aliases":2379,"sources":2380,"similarGenres":2381,"subGenres":2382,"parentGenres":2383,"contributors":2384},"0ba5226b-4487-4833-abf1-1dab21293dbd","Kaseko","A Surinamese popular dance music blending jazz, calypso and African drumming with creole lyrics. It is typically led by horns and skratji bass drum, and is central to Afro-Surinamese celebrations.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2386,"authorId":1557,"name":2387,"description":2388,"startYear":2389,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2390,"instruments":2391,"aliases":2392,"sources":2393,"similarGenres":2394,"subGenres":2395,"parentGenres":2396,"contributors":2397},"2dd8390b-b00f-4ce7-ab22-1e1fc4aff84e","Dubstep","Dubstep emerged from South London's underground around 2001, fusing UK garage's rhythmic template with dub's cavernous sub-bass in half-time beats at 140 BPM. Skream, Benga, and Digital Mystikz defined the original dark, minimal sound before international commercial offshoots took hold.",2001,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2399,"authorId":1557,"name":2400,"description":2401,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2402,"instruments":2403,"aliases":2404,"sources":2405,"similarGenres":2406,"subGenres":2407,"parentGenres":2408,"contributors":2409},"e9a05e0e-4bc3-4a19-9877-1eb9528cfbbc","Falak","A Tajik and Pamiri vocal tradition of lamentation and philosophical poetry, typically sung in a high, impassioned voice accompanied by the setor and tablak drum. Its texts draw on Sufi and folk poetry.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2411,"authorId":1557,"name":2412,"description":2413,"startYear":1928,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2414,"instruments":2415,"aliases":2416,"sources":2417,"similarGenres":2418,"subGenres":2419,"parentGenres":2420,"contributors":2421},"be5f723c-c73d-4709-a8da-1ecd325d5ef5","Mejorana","A Panamanian rural song-and-dance tradition accompanied by the small five-string mejoranera guitar, featuring improvised decimas and call-and-response between singer and chorus. It is central to campesino culture of the Azuero Peninsula.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2423,"authorId":1557,"name":2424,"description":2425,"startYear":2426,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2427,"instruments":2428,"aliases":2429,"sources":2430,"similarGenres":2431,"subGenres":2432,"parentGenres":2433,"contributors":2434},"a168d3b1-f426-4656-b29f-1f172098ef8f","UK R&B","UK R&B developed a distinct British character from American R&B and UK garage in the late 1990s through Craig David and Ms Dynamite, later fusing with grime, Afroswing, and contemporary production in the 2010s via Ella Mai, Mahalia, and Jorja Smith.",1997,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2436,"authorId":1557,"name":2437,"description":2438,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2439,"instruments":2440,"aliases":2441,"sources":2442,"similarGenres":2443,"subGenres":2444,"parentGenres":2445,"contributors":2446},"d14b6690-2445-480a-87e1-1f949b4da4d7","Cantu a Tenore","A Sardinian four-voice polyphonic singing tradition performed by male quartets (bassu, contra, mesa oche, oche). UNESCO-recognized, its drone vocal timbre evokes pastoral life.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2448,"authorId":1557,"name":2449,"description":2450,"startYear":2451,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":2452,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2453,"instruments":2454,"aliases":2455,"sources":2456,"similarGenres":2457,"subGenres":2458,"parentGenres":2459,"contributors":2460},"2947539a-b803-494b-bb96-1fb42d280972","Bomba","An Afro-Puerto Rican genre of drumming, singing and dance born on sugar plantations, in which dancers challenge the lead drummer to follow their movements. It is performed on barrel drums called barriles.",1680,"Developed by enslaved Africans in Puerto Rico; considered a cultural patrimony of Afro-Puerto Rican communities.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2462,"authorId":1557,"name":2463,"description":2464,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":2465,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2466,"instruments":2467,"aliases":2468,"sources":2469,"similarGenres":2470,"subGenres":2471,"parentGenres":2472,"contributors":2473},"961529c4-078f-41d0-a268-1fda1f13fb02","Gwoka","An Afro-Guadeloupean music and dance built around seven rhythms played on the ka barrel drum, accompanied by call-and-response singing in Guadeloupean Creole. It has been inscribed on UNESCO's list of Intangible Cultural Heritage.","Gwoka emerged from the experience of enslaved Africans in Guadeloupe and remains a symbol of cultural resistance.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2475,"authorId":1557,"name":2476,"description":2477,"startYear":1689,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2478,"instruments":2479,"aliases":2480,"sources":2481,"similarGenres":2482,"subGenres":2483,"parentGenres":2484,"contributors":2485},"74fc4358-7cdb-4769-869f-20303b682391","C-Pop (Mandopop\u002FCantopop)","C-Pop is an umbrella term for Chinese-language popular music, encompassing Mandopop (Mandarin) and Cantopop (Cantonese) as its main branches, along with Taiwanese and other regional scenes. It typically features melodic ballads and dance-pop production, with major industry centres historically in Taipei, Hong Kong, and Beijing.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2487,"authorId":1557,"name":2488,"description":2489,"startYear":2490,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":2491,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2492,"instruments":2493,"aliases":2494,"sources":2495,"similarGenres":2496,"subGenres":2497,"parentGenres":2498,"contributors":2499},"74ce68e5-05b4-456e-bf34-20d93a22c0fc","Mahraganat","An Egyptian electronic street music born in Cairo's informal neighborhoods, fusing shaabi vocals with Auto-Tune, hard synth leads, and hyperactive programmed percussion. It dominates weddings and social media despite periodic government bans.",2007,"Mahraganat artists have faced censorship and performance bans by Egyptian authorities who deem the lyrics morally objectionable.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2501,"authorId":1557,"name":2502,"description":2503,"startYear":2504,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2505,"instruments":2506,"aliases":2507,"sources":2508,"similarGenres":2509,"subGenres":2510,"parentGenres":2511,"contributors":2512},"dd8ad38f-0994-44ac-b244-22a4a2c70459","Ambient","Ambient music prioritises atmosphere and texture over melody and rhythm, designed to be as ignorable as it is listenable. Brian Eno coined the term with Ambient 1: Music for Airports (1978), and the genre expanded through Tangerine Dream, Stars of the Lid, and thousands of electronic artists into a vast and active field.",1978,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2514,"authorId":1557,"name":2515,"description":2516,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":2517,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2518,"instruments":2519,"aliases":2520,"sources":2521,"similarGenres":2522,"subGenres":2523,"parentGenres":2524,"contributors":2525},"59d3714b-9ed7-4dea-9b78-23c183b35737","Kwa-Kwa","A Surinamese Afro-Creole music associated with the Maroon communities, built on drumming, hand-clapping, and call-and-response vocals. It provides the rhythmic backbone for ritual and festive dances.","As a Maroon tradition, kwa-kwa is tied to communities whose spiritual and ancestral practices warrant careful representation.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2527,"authorId":1557,"name":2528,"description":2529,"startYear":2530,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2531,"instruments":2532,"aliases":2533,"sources":2534,"similarGenres":2535,"subGenres":2536,"parentGenres":2537,"contributors":2538},"209c3cd1-563e-4cc2-9e90-23c8e31e9460","Drum and Bass","Drum and bass grew from jungle in mid-1990s Britain, refining breakbeat tempos around 170 BPM with deeper sub-bass, sophisticated sampling, and sub-genres from liquid to neurofunk. Goldie, LTJ Bukem, and labels like Moving Shadow and Metalheadz defined its first decade.",1994,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2540,"authorId":1557,"name":2541,"description":2542,"startYear":1828,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2543,"instruments":2544,"aliases":2545,"sources":2546,"similarGenres":2547,"subGenres":2548,"parentGenres":2549,"contributors":2550},"be76bfcd-b39a-4f2d-bf85-2407a4f98593","Ndombolo","Congolese dance music with fast sebene guitar passages, animated vocals, and high-energy movement.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2552,"authorId":1557,"name":2553,"description":2554,"startYear":2555,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2556,"instruments":2557,"aliases":2558,"sources":2559,"similarGenres":2560,"subGenres":2561,"parentGenres":2562,"contributors":2563},"07e72c74-0188-4909-97a1-2412f066580d","Nanguan","An ancient chamber music tradition of southern Fujian and Taiwan, featuring pipa, dongxiao flute and erxian fiddle in delicate suites. It is recognized by UNESCO as intangible cultural heritage.",1600,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2565,"authorId":1557,"name":2566,"description":2567,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2568,"instruments":2569,"aliases":2570,"sources":2571,"similarGenres":2572,"subGenres":2573,"parentGenres":2574,"contributors":2575},"706cc4ae-00de-46e1-ad14-2423dd44a729","Ca Tru","Vietnamese chamber vocal tradition featuring female voice, phach clappers, and dan day lute.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2577,"authorId":1557,"name":2578,"description":2579,"startYear":1689,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2580,"instruments":2581,"aliases":2582,"sources":2583,"similarGenres":2584,"subGenres":2585,"parentGenres":2586,"contributors":2587},"457f56bf-5f1f-409e-a2d4-24731a5be7d0","Jaipongan","A Sundanese Indonesian popular dance music developed by Gugum Gumbira, blending ketuk tilu folk drumming with pencak silat rhythms and sensual dance. Its interlocking kendang drum patterns drive vocal improvisations.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2589,"authorId":1557,"name":2590,"description":2591,"startYear":1991,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2592,"instruments":2593,"aliases":2594,"sources":2595,"similarGenres":2596,"subGenres":2597,"parentGenres":2598,"contributors":2599},"ce2a6641-813f-4a14-b32f-24b56fc5446e","Luk Thung","Luk thung, literally 'song of the child of the fields,' is a Thai country music that took shape in the mid-20th century and voices the lives of rural working-class Thais. It is marked by heavy vocal vibrato and ornamentation, melodramatic storytelling, and arrangements combining Thai traditional instruments with Western brass, guitars, and electronics.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2601,"authorId":1557,"name":2602,"description":2603,"startYear":2179,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2604,"instruments":2605,"aliases":2606,"sources":2607,"similarGenres":2608,"subGenres":2609,"parentGenres":2610,"contributors":2611},"0d2472a9-e78a-409c-9af0-24ef9e0fe4fc","Guitar-band Highlife","Guitar-band highlife is a rural and small-combo strain of Ghanaian highlife that developed from palm-wine guitar music in the early 20th century. It centers on interlocking acoustic or electric guitars, light percussion, and Akan-language vocals, typically in call-and-response. Key figures include E.K. Nyame, Nana Ampadu's African Brothers Band, and Dr. K. Gyasi, who developed it into a major popular style alongside the brass-driven dance-band highlife.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2613,"authorId":1557,"name":2614,"description":2615,"startYear":2616,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2617,"instruments":2618,"aliases":2619,"sources":2620,"similarGenres":2621,"subGenres":2622,"parentGenres":2623,"contributors":2624},"f7a65117-66ee-4210-92ee-2592f3e05345","Intelligent Dance Music","IDM emerged from UK and US electronica in the early 1990s, prioritising complex rhythmic structures, unusual timbres, and emotional depth over dancefloor function. Warp Records — home to Aphex Twin, Autechre, and Boards of Canada — became its central institution.",1992,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2626,"authorId":1557,"name":2627,"description":2628,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2629,"instruments":2630,"aliases":2631,"sources":2632,"similarGenres":2633,"subGenres":2634,"parentGenres":2635,"contributors":2636},"79c9c754-88c6-4d84-87ac-25ac8565c1de","Punto Guajiro","Cuban rural song form built on decima poetry and string accompaniment.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2638,"authorId":1557,"name":2639,"description":2640,"startYear":2641,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2642,"instruments":2643,"aliases":2644,"sources":2645,"similarGenres":2646,"subGenres":2647,"parentGenres":2648,"contributors":2649},"aec2e6bb-f581-4447-885f-25c6157b20b2","Caucasus Traditions","Caucasus traditions span the distinct musics of Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and the peoples of the North Caucasus, each with its own modal systems, instruments, and vocal practices. Notable strands include Georgian polyphonic singing (UNESCO-recognised), Armenian duduk music, and Azerbaijani mugham, alongside dance musics accompanied by instruments such as the doli, zurna, tar, and kamancha.",1700,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2651,"authorId":1557,"name":2652,"description":2653,"startYear":2654,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2655,"instruments":2656,"aliases":2657,"sources":2658,"similarGenres":2659,"subGenres":2660,"parentGenres":2661,"contributors":2662},"c629c0f8-fad0-4aa7-858f-2763f0a70543","Kompa","Haitian dance music driven by steady guitar, brass or synth lines, and a smooth interlocking groove.",1955,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2664,"authorId":1557,"name":2665,"description":2666,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2667,"instruments":2668,"aliases":2669,"sources":2670,"similarGenres":2671,"subGenres":2672,"parentGenres":2673,"contributors":2674},"772e9cd7-3fe6-41b3-8c46-27e7ff36007b","Fijiri","Gulf pearl-diving music featuring lead and chorus vocals, percussion, and communal seafaring memory.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2676,"authorId":1557,"name":2677,"description":2678,"startYear":2679,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2680,"instruments":2681,"aliases":2682,"sources":2683,"similarGenres":2684,"subGenres":2685,"parentGenres":2686,"contributors":2687},"7bd5d3c8-6d96-4dd8-b31b-284b0f199cfd","Ranchera","Mexican song style of strong melodies, dramatic singing, and themes of love, pride, and heartbreak.",1910,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2689,"authorId":1557,"name":2690,"description":2691,"startYear":2692,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2693,"instruments":2694,"aliases":2695,"sources":2696,"similarGenres":2697,"subGenres":2698,"parentGenres":2699,"contributors":2700},"34471d33-c45c-45e5-b6de-289592809fae","Twoubadou","A Haitian rural song tradition performed by itinerant guitarists accompanied by accordion, manouba (lamellophone), and maracas. Its lyrics address love, hardship, and daily life, and it shares roots with Cuban son.",1940,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2702,"authorId":1557,"name":2703,"description":2704,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2705,"instruments":2706,"aliases":2707,"sources":2708,"similarGenres":2709,"subGenres":2710,"parentGenres":2711,"contributors":2712},"c3c0f649-cffd-47e5-9ac4-28a4dd3ad549","Extempo","A Trinidadian calypso style of improvised, competitive sung poetry, in which performers invent verses on randomly assigned topics over a stock rhythmic pattern. It is a centerpiece of Carnival season competitions.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2714,"authorId":1557,"name":2715,"description":2716,"startYear":1600,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2717,"instruments":2718,"aliases":2719,"sources":2720,"similarGenres":2721,"subGenres":2722,"parentGenres":2723,"contributors":2724},"4482a501-4cdf-4fc4-aec0-28b3f29dd62e","Halaka","A Moroccan street-performance tradition in which storytellers, musicians, and acrobats gather in circles in public squares such as Jemaa el-Fnaa. The sung and chanted portions draw on Berber and Arab melodic idioms.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2726,"authorId":1557,"name":2727,"description":2728,"startYear":2729,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2730,"instruments":2731,"aliases":2732,"sources":2733,"similarGenres":2734,"subGenres":2735,"parentGenres":2736,"contributors":2737},"fdedfb02-be33-49d5-8374-2909c2b33362","Britcore","Britcore was a UK hip-hop movement of the late 1980s and early 1990s combining American hip-hop production with aggressive British lyricism, often politically engaged. Silver Bullet, Ruthless Rap Assassins, and Gunshot were key figures in this short-lived but influential underground.",1987,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2739,"authorId":1557,"name":2740,"description":2741,"startYear":1689,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2742,"instruments":2743,"aliases":2744,"sources":2745,"similarGenres":2746,"subGenres":2747,"parentGenres":2748,"contributors":2749},"8977c133-825a-4532-a45a-296500c67a4b","Shaabi","An Egyptian working-class popular music born in Cairo's back alleys, known for its raw vocals, cheeky social commentary, and hybrid of baladi folk rhythms with synthesizers. Ahmed Adaweyah is considered its founding star.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2751,"authorId":1557,"name":2752,"description":2753,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2754,"instruments":2755,"aliases":2756,"sources":2757,"similarGenres":2758,"subGenres":2759,"parentGenres":2760,"contributors":2761},"41d953f0-496b-40dd-a7e7-29702c91e2d5","Pasaje","A Venezuelan and Colombian llanero song form played with harp, cuatro, maracas, and bass, slower and more lyrical than the joropo. It is central to the ballad repertoire of the Orinoco plains.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2763,"authorId":1557,"name":2764,"description":2765,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2766,"instruments":2767,"aliases":2768,"sources":2769,"similarGenres":2770,"subGenres":2771,"parentGenres":2772,"contributors":2773},"797fa3d7-3d0e-4a6c-9e7f-2a9cfa01885a","Pungwe","A Zimbabwean all-night communal vigil in which Shona communities gather to sing, dance, and invoke ancestral spirits through call-and-response vocals, mbira dzavadzimu playing, and hosho rattle accompaniment. The term gained political resonance during Zimbabwe's liberation war, when overnight pungwe gatherings combined music with mobilization and consciousness-raising. Today it refers both to the traditional ceremony and the musical repertoire performed within it.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2775,"authorId":1557,"name":2776,"description":2777,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2778,"instruments":2779,"aliases":2780,"sources":2781,"similarGenres":2782,"subGenres":2783,"parentGenres":2784,"contributors":2785},"839ef19e-649c-45d4-b0c6-2aa57f519f44","Embolada","A Northeastern Brazilian vocal tradition featuring rapid-fire, improvised lyrics delivered in a duel-like exchange between two singers accompanied by pandeiro. Often humorous or satirical, it is seen as a precursor to Brazilian rap battles.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2787,"authorId":1557,"name":2788,"description":2789,"startYear":2790,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2791,"instruments":2792,"aliases":2793,"sources":2794,"similarGenres":2795,"subGenres":2796,"parentGenres":2797,"contributors":2798},"763ca029-91fb-48d4-b673-2ad48378f412","Hi-NRG","Fast electronic dance-pop with driving sequencers, bright synth hooks, and relentless four-on-the-floor.",1979,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2800,"authorId":1557,"name":2801,"description":2802,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2803,"instruments":2804,"aliases":2805,"sources":2806,"similarGenres":2807,"subGenres":2808,"parentGenres":2809,"contributors":2810},"e3995f99-95a9-4ed3-8010-2b7e699acca2","Shashmaqam","A Central Asian classical suite tradition of the Bukharan Jews, Tajiks, and Uzbeks, consisting of six interconnected modal cycles combining instrumental and vocal sections. It fuses Persianate poetry with local modal practice.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2812,"authorId":1557,"name":2813,"description":2814,"startYear":2815,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2816,"instruments":2817,"aliases":2818,"sources":2819,"similarGenres":2820,"subGenres":2821,"parentGenres":2822,"contributors":2823},"3b3c9c18-2615-497f-847e-2bcc4888a4e9","Post-Punk","Post-punk extended punk's energy into experimental territory, incorporating art rock, funk, dub, and electronics while keeping DIY independence. Gang of Four, Wire, Joy Division, PiL, and Talking Heads redefined the limits of guitar-based music and seeded indie rock, gothic rock, and new wave.",1977,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2825,"authorId":1557,"name":2826,"description":2827,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2828,"instruments":2829,"aliases":2830,"sources":2831,"similarGenres":2832,"subGenres":2833,"parentGenres":2834,"contributors":2835},"7448d3f4-921b-4a7e-bd2b-2ca7bbc253d5","Gamelan Degung","A refined Sundanese gamelan tradition from West Java featuring small bronze instruments, suling bamboo flute, and an intimate, lyrical aesthetic. It was originally associated with aristocratic courts.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2837,"authorId":1557,"name":2838,"description":2839,"startYear":2165,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2840,"instruments":2841,"aliases":2842,"sources":2843,"similarGenres":2844,"subGenres":2845,"parentGenres":2846,"contributors":2847},"60f28cc2-44bd-4fb0-9b65-2cb46fde3395","Arab Art Music","Classical Arab art music built on maqam, improvisation, and long-form vocal and instrumental performance.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2849,"authorId":1557,"name":2850,"description":2851,"startYear":2029,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2852,"instruments":2853,"aliases":2854,"sources":2855,"similarGenres":2856,"subGenres":2857,"parentGenres":2858,"contributors":2859},"140173de-3279-42b4-a2b6-2cc766117bef","Chanson Française","Chanson française is France's lyric-centred popular song tradition, prioritising poetic text and emotional expression over rhythm. Édith Piaf, Charles Aznavour, Jacques Brel, and later Françoise Hardy and Serge Gainsbourg defined its artistry; it remains central to French cultural identity.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2861,"authorId":1557,"name":2862,"description":2863,"startYear":1689,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2864,"instruments":2865,"aliases":2866,"sources":2867,"similarGenres":2868,"subGenres":2869,"parentGenres":2870,"contributors":2871},"95a1f288-4f37-4331-a4e7-2d18f4e930eb","Chimurenga Music","A Zimbabwean protest and popular music pioneered by Thomas Mapfumo, adapting Shona mbira melodies to electric guitar bands. Its lyrics fueled the liberation struggle against Rhodesian rule.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2873,"authorId":1557,"name":2874,"description":2875,"startYear":1575,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2876,"instruments":2877,"aliases":2878,"sources":2879,"similarGenres":2880,"subGenres":2881,"parentGenres":2882,"contributors":2883},"b424912d-e4b9-4808-9e8f-2e7cfa417b9d","Campursari","A Javanese fusion genre that blends traditional gamelan instruments with Western keyboards, guitars, and dangdut rhythms. Pioneered by Manthous, it became hugely popular in Central and East Java.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2885,"authorId":1557,"name":2886,"description":2887,"startYear":1689,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2888,"instruments":2889,"aliases":2890,"sources":2891,"similarGenres":2892,"subGenres":2893,"parentGenres":2894,"contributors":2895},"2a1f5676-7754-4578-b50b-2e92812df3e4","Champeta","Afro-Colombian dance music from Cartagena shaped by African guitar styles, heavy bass, and sound-system culture.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2897,"authorId":1557,"name":2898,"description":2899,"startYear":1727,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2900,"instruments":2901,"aliases":2902,"sources":2903,"similarGenres":2904,"subGenres":2905,"parentGenres":2906,"contributors":2907},"43ddf07f-6151-468b-9a91-2efa6161fd22","Borgeet","A genre of devotional songs composed by the Assamese saints Srimanta Sankardev and Madhavdev in a classical raga-based style. They are central to the liturgical music of Assam's Ekasarana Dharma monasteries.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2909,"authorId":1557,"name":2910,"description":2911,"startYear":2912,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2913,"instruments":2914,"aliases":2915,"sources":2916,"similarGenres":2917,"subGenres":2918,"parentGenres":2919,"contributors":2920},"2bfabbee-e4fd-40aa-a82d-2f92aa7762d9","Latin Trap","Latin trap is a Spanish-language offshoot of Southern U.S. trap that crystallized in Puerto Rico in the mid-2010s with artists such as Bad Bunny, Anuel AA, and Bryant Myers. It uses 808-driven beats, hi-hat rolls, and Auto-Tuned vocals, often blending with reggaeton rhythms and addressing street life, romance, and status.",2015,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2922,"authorId":1557,"name":2923,"description":2924,"startYear":2925,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2926,"instruments":2927,"aliases":2928,"sources":2929,"similarGenres":2930,"subGenres":2931,"parentGenres":2932,"contributors":2933},"dcb76e78-d501-4e4f-8625-2ffeb031e385","Mbaqanga","Mbaqanga is a South African popular style that emerged in 1960s Johannesburg from Zulu traditional music, marabi, and kwela. It is characterized by a rolling electric bass, bright guitar lines, tight horn or accordion riffs, and 'groaner' lead vocals paired with female vocal groups, and became a key sound of township life under apartheid.",1963,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2935,"authorId":1557,"name":2936,"description":2937,"startYear":1815,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2938,"instruments":2939,"aliases":2940,"sources":2941,"similarGenres":2942,"subGenres":2943,"parentGenres":2944,"contributors":2945},"e0197b13-a782-4060-8dda-303d3cba0993","Ryukoka","Early Japanese popular song bridging traditional vocal inflection and modern mass-media ballad style.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2947,"authorId":1557,"name":2948,"description":2949,"startYear":1991,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2950,"instruments":2951,"aliases":2952,"sources":2953,"similarGenres":2954,"subGenres":2955,"parentGenres":2956,"contributors":2957},"3e96f179-0704-42c3-81ce-31003565a8b5","Brega","Romantic Brazilian popular music marked by dramatic vocals, sentimental lyrics, and accessible melodies.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2959,"authorId":1557,"name":2960,"description":2961,"startYear":1575,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":2962,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2963,"instruments":2964,"aliases":2965,"sources":2966,"similarGenres":2967,"subGenres":2968,"parentGenres":2969,"contributors":2970},"e3d73840-0194-4ff4-8964-3120a25e5b2a","Mapouka","Ivorian dance music centered on percussion-heavy grooves and hip-focused dance performance.","Mapouka dancing has been banned or restricted at various times due to perceived obscenity.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2972,"authorId":1557,"name":2973,"description":2974,"startYear":1689,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2975,"instruments":2976,"aliases":2977,"sources":2978,"similarGenres":2979,"subGenres":2980,"parentGenres":2981,"contributors":2982},"ef25753c-1e50-4746-8152-31c20b2b3439","Mandopop","Mandopop is Mandarin-language popular music with major production centers in Taiwan, Hong Kong, mainland China, Singapore, and Malaysia. Consolidated from the 1980s onward, it spans ballads, dance-pop, and rock-influenced styles, and has long served as a pan-Chinese commercial mainstream.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2984,"authorId":1557,"name":2985,"description":2986,"startYear":1928,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2987,"instruments":2988,"aliases":2989,"sources":2990,"similarGenres":2991,"subGenres":2992,"parentGenres":2993,"contributors":2994},"a1fce4c2-d950-4300-a8d3-325a9cb6081d","Klezmer","Klezmer is the instrumental celebration music of Ashkenazi Jews of Eastern Europe, historically played at weddings and life-cycle events. It features expressive ornamented melodies on clarinet, violin, and accordion over dance rhythms such as the freylekh and bulgar, and was revitalized internationally from the 1970s onward.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":2996,"authorId":1557,"name":2997,"description":2998,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":2999,"instruments":3000,"aliases":3001,"sources":3002,"similarGenres":3003,"subGenres":3004,"parentGenres":3005,"contributors":3006},"25562ae8-cd2c-464c-bcdc-32ac837aa38a","Hmong Qeej Music","A Hmong ceremonial music performed on the qeej, a multi-pipe free-reed mouth organ, during funerals and New Year celebrations. The instrument 'speaks' ritual texts that guide souls and accompany dance.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3008,"authorId":1557,"name":3009,"description":3010,"startYear":1637,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3011,"instruments":3012,"aliases":3013,"sources":3014,"similarGenres":3015,"subGenres":3016,"parentGenres":3017,"contributors":3018},"13c3702b-d4fb-4806-9f0f-32b4fcea44bf","Amapiano","Amapiano emerged in South Africa in the mid-2010s, combining deep house and kwaito with jazzy keys, wide log-drum basslines, and shuffling percussion. It became a dominant youth and club sound across southern Africa and, through viral dance culture, internationally.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3020,"authorId":1557,"name":3021,"description":3022,"startYear":2078,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":3023,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3024,"instruments":3025,"aliases":3026,"sources":3027,"similarGenres":3028,"subGenres":3029,"parentGenres":3030,"contributors":3031},"f24aca3e-7fe1-4604-b68d-32cd409fe078","Tamboo Bamboo","An Afro-Trinidadian percussion tradition using tuned bamboo tubes struck on the ground, developed after colonial bans on African drums. It directly preceded the invention of the steelpan.","Tamboo bamboo arose as a response to colonial suppression of African drumming and should be framed within that history of resistance.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3033,"authorId":1557,"name":3034,"description":3035,"startYear":3036,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3037,"instruments":3038,"aliases":3039,"sources":3040,"similarGenres":3041,"subGenres":3042,"parentGenres":3043,"contributors":3044},"5e2387a2-6c39-412f-8950-3367f0872d31","French House","French house is a filter-heavy, disco-sampling strain of house music that emerged in Paris in the mid-1990s with artists including Daft Punk, Cassius, and Stardust. It is defined by phaser and band-pass filter sweeps, chopped 1970s and 1980s samples, and a sleek, funk-driven four-on-the-floor pulse. The sound shaped the late-1990s 'French Touch' wave and influenced subsequent nu-disco production.",1996,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3046,"authorId":1557,"name":3047,"description":3048,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":3049,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3050,"instruments":3051,"aliases":3052,"sources":3053,"similarGenres":3054,"subGenres":3055,"parentGenres":3056,"contributors":3057},"92d71bdc-c4c9-4218-909c-3377378184a7","Moutya","A Seychellois drum-and-voice tradition with roots in the songs of enslaved Africans, performed around a bonfire with the heated moutya drum. UNESCO inscribed it on the Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2021.","The genre originated among enslaved Africans as a coded means of expression and resistance.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3059,"authorId":1557,"name":3060,"description":3061,"startYear":2504,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":3062,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3063,"instruments":3064,"aliases":3065,"sources":3066,"similarGenres":3067,"subGenres":3068,"parentGenres":3069,"contributors":3070},"c5d997e8-38c5-42b5-bc46-340ed20a92db","Punta Rock","A modernized, electrified form of Garifuna punta developed by Pen Cayetano in Belize, adding electric guitar, bass, and drum kit to traditional drumming. It became a pan-Caribbean dance style in the 1980s and 90s.","As a Garifuna music, its commercialization raises questions of cultural ownership and representation.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3072,"authorId":1557,"name":3073,"description":3074,"startYear":2530,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3075,"instruments":3076,"aliases":3077,"sources":3078,"similarGenres":3079,"subGenres":3080,"parentGenres":3081,"contributors":3082},"1938a6e0-f62a-4024-8e28-347c43b9adbe","Ringbang","A Caribbean music concept developed by Eddy Grant that seeks to unify the rhythms of the region under one framework, blending soca, zouk, calypso, and other pan-Caribbean beats. It has been promoted primarily from Barbados and Guyana.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3084,"authorId":1557,"name":3085,"description":3086,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":3087,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3088,"instruments":3089,"aliases":3090,"sources":3091,"similarGenres":3092,"subGenres":3093,"parentGenres":3094,"contributors":3095},"e2ebbf6a-4cd7-4ac6-ba22-34b59c0bda09","Shalako","Shalako is a Zuni ceremonial song and dance tradition performed during the annual winter Shalako festival in the American Southwest, featuring call-and-response chanting accompanied by rattles and drums. The music accompanies the arrival of towering masked kachina figures who bless new homes and the community.","Shalako is a sacred Zuni ceremony and recording, photographing, or public performance outside the community is restricted and considered culturally inappropriate.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3097,"authorId":1557,"name":3098,"description":3099,"startYear":3100,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3101,"instruments":3102,"aliases":3103,"sources":3104,"similarGenres":3105,"subGenres":3106,"parentGenres":3107,"contributors":3108},"b67832e6-1a6c-41fb-a274-352f702ca01d","Maxixe","A fast Brazilian ballroom dance music that emerged in late 19th-century Rio de Janeiro, blending lundu, habanera, and polka. It was a direct precursor to samba and influential on early choro.",1870,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3110,"authorId":1557,"name":3111,"description":3112,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3113,"instruments":3114,"aliases":3115,"sources":3116,"similarGenres":3117,"subGenres":3118,"parentGenres":3119,"contributors":3120},"1ad9df94-dac0-4468-8ad1-35542a7a6168","Nadaswaram Music","A South Indian ceremonial wind music centered on the double-reed nadaswaram and thavil drum, performed at temples, weddings, and processions. It is considered one of the loudest non-brass acoustic instruments in the world.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3122,"authorId":1557,"name":3123,"description":3124,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3125,"instruments":3126,"aliases":3127,"sources":3128,"similarGenres":3129,"subGenres":3130,"parentGenres":3131,"contributors":3132},"69973432-039b-4985-bd7a-35657280d143","Tahitian Himene","Tahitian choral hymn tradition featuring layered voices, crescendos, and community worship.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3134,"authorId":1557,"name":3135,"description":3136,"startYear":1815,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3137,"instruments":3138,"aliases":3139,"sources":3140,"similarGenres":3141,"subGenres":3142,"parentGenres":3143,"contributors":3144},"f833a0f0-f57c-42a3-b757-35d471fcfc3f","Cajun Music","The folk music of the Acadian-descended Cajun people of Louisiana, sung in Cajun French and built around fiddle and diatonic accordion. It is closely tied to two-step and waltz dancing traditions.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3146,"authorId":1557,"name":3147,"description":3148,"startYear":1600,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3149,"instruments":3150,"aliases":3151,"sources":3152,"similarGenres":3153,"subGenres":3154,"parentGenres":3155,"contributors":3156},"51c13c4f-5a04-45b3-89ee-35fa1bc29965","Laika","The mainstream Greek urban popular song of the post-war era, evolving from rebetiko into a more polished, orchestrated style with bouzouki at its heart. It dominated Greek radio and nightlife through the late 20th century.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3158,"authorId":1557,"name":3159,"description":3160,"startYear":1865,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3161,"instruments":3162,"aliases":3163,"sources":3164,"similarGenres":3165,"subGenres":3166,"parentGenres":3167,"contributors":3168},"a31f82a6-2feb-4ec4-816f-360d3e622655","Techno","Techno originated in Detroit in the mid-1980s through Juan Atkins, Derrick May, and Kevin Saunderson, synthesising European electronic music, Chicago house, and Afrofuturist ideology into repetitive, machine-driven dance music. It arrived in Berlin after reunification and became the heartbeat of global club culture.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3170,"authorId":1557,"name":3171,"description":3172,"startYear":2029,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":3173,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3174,"instruments":3175,"aliases":3176,"sources":3177,"similarGenres":3178,"subGenres":3179,"parentGenres":3180,"contributors":3181},"bef5a8d8-1eca-49a4-9675-36268b8d8081","Aita","A Moroccan rural song form from the Atlantic plains featuring female vocalists (chikhat) delivering impassioned poetry over violins, lutes, and bendir frame drums. Its themes blend love, land, and resistance.","Historically stigmatized due to the marginalization of chikhat women performers, though now celebrated as national heritage.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3183,"authorId":1557,"name":3184,"description":3185,"startYear":3186,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3187,"instruments":3188,"aliases":3189,"sources":3190,"similarGenres":3191,"subGenres":3192,"parentGenres":3193,"contributors":3194},"bbae1fe9-f3bc-41d3-bdc1-368263e7095d","Disco","Disco is a dance music genre that emerged in early-1970s US club culture, shaped by Black, Latino and LGBTQ+ dancers in New York and Philadelphia. It features a four-on-the-floor kick, syncopated basslines, lush string and horn arrangements and soul-rooted vocals, and it defined the sound of late-1970s nightlife before directly seeding house and dance music.",1973,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3196,"authorId":1557,"name":3197,"description":3198,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3199,"instruments":3200,"aliases":3201,"sources":3202,"similarGenres":3203,"subGenres":3204,"parentGenres":3205,"contributors":3206},"de5738ad-8f7e-460a-a69a-368aa83eb961","Gagaku","Japanese imperial court music featuring slow ceremonial textures, winds, strings, and percussion.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3208,"authorId":1557,"name":3209,"description":3210,"startYear":1815,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3211,"instruments":3212,"aliases":3213,"sources":3214,"similarGenres":3215,"subGenres":3216,"parentGenres":3217,"contributors":3218},"5bd93efd-37ad-4cd7-9763-36a9ea6bfbbf","Banda","Banda is a Mexican regional style played by large brass-and-percussion ensembles, with roots in 19th-century Sinaloa military band traditions. Modern banda sinaloense features tubas, clarinets, trumpets, trombones, and tambora, and performs rancheras, corridos, cumbias, and boleros.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3220,"authorId":1557,"name":3221,"description":3222,"startYear":3223,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3224,"instruments":3225,"aliases":3226,"sources":3227,"similarGenres":3228,"subGenres":3229,"parentGenres":3230,"contributors":3231},"51009cb0-226e-44fe-bebd-37130123f182","Broken Beat","Broken beat developed in London at the turn of the millennium, combining jazz harmony and soul sensibility with complex polyrhythmic breakbeats and synthesiser bass. Labels like Atone and artists such as 4hero, Kaidi Tatham, and IG Culture formed a small but influential scene.",1999,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3233,"authorId":1557,"name":3234,"description":3235,"startYear":3236,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":3237,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3238,"instruments":3239,"aliases":3240,"sources":3241,"similarGenres":3242,"subGenres":3243,"parentGenres":3244,"contributors":3245},"ff382a1e-8543-4b45-be9f-375f392ee027","Lundu","One of the earliest Afro-Brazilian musical genres, blending Bantu song and dance with Portuguese guitar and poetic forms. It was foundational to later genres such as maxixe and samba.",1780,"Its roots lie in the music of enslaved Africans in colonial Brazil, and it was historically stigmatized before being reclaimed.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3247,"authorId":1557,"name":3248,"description":3249,"startYear":3250,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3251,"instruments":3252,"aliases":3253,"sources":3254,"similarGenres":3255,"subGenres":3256,"parentGenres":3257,"contributors":3258},"17d95bc1-04d3-40ef-bc69-37701e6df72a","Trip Hop","Trip hop emerged from Bristol in the early 1990s, fusing hip-hop's slow dusty beats with atmospheric samples, jazz textures, and melancholic vocals. Massive Attack, Portishead, and Tricky defined its introspective, cinematic character and enduring critical prestige.",1991,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3260,"authorId":1557,"name":3261,"description":3262,"startYear":1727,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3263,"instruments":3264,"aliases":3265,"sources":3266,"similarGenres":3267,"subGenres":3268,"parentGenres":3269,"contributors":3270},"ce15e43a-4de8-465e-8382-379446450f89","Maqam Iraqi","Maqam al-Iraqi is the classical urban vocal tradition of Iraq, centered historically on Baghdad and sung in Arabic with some Persian, Turkish, and Kurdish texts. A soloist (qari' al-maqam) performs structured suites of melodic modes accompanied by the chalghi ensemble of santur, joza, drums, and hand percussion.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3272,"authorId":1557,"name":3273,"description":3274,"startYear":1978,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":3275,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3276,"instruments":3277,"aliases":3278,"sources":3279,"similarGenres":3280,"subGenres":3281,"parentGenres":3282,"contributors":3283},"3dad954f-eae0-41de-88ca-382b4031b960","Chalga-Pop Fusion","A Bulgarian popular style that blends chalga's Balkan-Romani grooves with Western pop production, autotuned vocals, and Euro-dance beats. It dominates commercial Bulgarian nightlife.","Frequently criticized in Bulgaria over perceived appropriations of Romani music and debates around vulgarity and gender representation.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3285,"authorId":1557,"name":3286,"description":3287,"startYear":1991,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3288,"instruments":3289,"aliases":3290,"sources":3291,"similarGenres":3292,"subGenres":3293,"parentGenres":3294,"contributors":3295},"a9bdbcbe-6395-4f3e-bbbe-389cfb4b9aec","Cumbia Chicha","A Peruvian Amazonian take on cumbia fusing Andean huayno melodies with surf-rock electric guitar and Colombian cumbia rhythms. Associated with bands like Los Mirlos and Juaneco y Su Combo.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3297,"authorId":1557,"name":3298,"description":3299,"startYear":2692,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3300,"instruments":3301,"aliases":3302,"sources":3303,"similarGenres":3304,"subGenres":3305,"parentGenres":3306,"contributors":3307},"8d269dbf-c52d-4003-a931-39d25fe80282","Dance-band Highlife","Dance-band Highlife is the urban, big-band form of Ghanaian and Nigerian highlife that flourished from the 1920s through the 1960s. It combines West African melodies and rhythms with jazz and swing horn arrangements, guitar, and dance-floor grooves, and was central to West African nightlife and independence-era social life.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3309,"authorId":1557,"name":3310,"description":3311,"startYear":1828,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3312,"instruments":3313,"aliases":3314,"sources":3315,"similarGenres":3316,"subGenres":3317,"parentGenres":3318,"contributors":3319},"f56ee7bd-aa92-4fb5-b2fb-39e9f68acf26","Tcha Tcho","A Congolese subgenre of soukous emphasizing light, melodic vocal harmonies and a slower groove than the sebene-driven mainstream. It was championed by artists like Pepe Kalle in the early 1990s.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3321,"authorId":1557,"name":3322,"description":3323,"startYear":3324,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3325,"instruments":3326,"aliases":3327,"sources":3328,"similarGenres":3329,"subGenres":3330,"parentGenres":3331,"contributors":3332},"c8f1508c-0b25-4da9-99c9-3a55b0effd8e","Afro House","A deep, percussive strand of house music rooted in Angolan, Portuguese, and South African club scenes, blending four-on-the-floor beats with African percussion and vocal chants. It has grown into a global festival sound.",2005,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3334,"authorId":1557,"name":3335,"description":3336,"startYear":3337,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3338,"instruments":3339,"aliases":3340,"sources":3341,"similarGenres":3342,"subGenres":3343,"parentGenres":3344,"contributors":3345},"88287580-f6b4-4a0d-b1be-3b23cc84c27c","Dutch House","Dutch house emerged around 2008 as a percussive, melodically catchy variant of electro house and progressive house, driven by Tiësto, Afrojack, Nicky Romero, and Martin Garrix. It became a dominant strand of mainstream EDM worldwide in the 2010s.",2008,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3347,"authorId":1557,"name":3348,"description":3349,"startYear":3350,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3351,"instruments":3352,"aliases":3353,"sources":3354,"similarGenres":3355,"subGenres":3356,"parentGenres":3357,"contributors":3358},"0dc31bb5-fe03-44bc-b5e8-3b345c3a8522","Golden Age Hip-Hop","Golden Age hip hop refers to a period roughly from the mid-1980s through the early 1990s, centered on New York, characterized by rapid stylistic innovation and dense sample-based production. Artists such as Public Enemy, Rakim, A Tribe Called Quest, De La Soul, and Nas expanded the music's lyrical complexity, political content, and sonic palette. The era is widely regarded as a formative canon for later hip hop.",1986,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3360,"authorId":1557,"name":3361,"description":3362,"startYear":2029,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3363,"instruments":3364,"aliases":3365,"sources":3366,"similarGenres":3367,"subGenres":3368,"parentGenres":3369,"contributors":3370},"14ee60df-aea1-4015-9f92-3b3ef939186e","Dabke","Dabke is a Levantine line dance and its accompanying music, traditional in Lebanon, Syria, Palestine, Jordan and Iraq. The music is usually in a driving 4\u002F4 or compound meter, led by mijwiz or arghul reeds, tabl and derbake drums, and in contemporary form by synthesizer and electronic beats.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3372,"authorId":1557,"name":3373,"description":3374,"startYear":1689,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3375,"instruments":3376,"aliases":3377,"sources":3378,"similarGenres":3379,"subGenres":3380,"parentGenres":3381,"contributors":3382},"f03b9b51-04bf-4fe7-b8cb-3bbb9af20376","Mbalax","Senegal's national popular music, fusing Wolof sabar drumming with Cuban son, jazz, and rock. Popularized internationally by Youssou N'Dour, it features intricate polyrhythms and soaring griot-style vocals.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3384,"authorId":1557,"name":3385,"description":3386,"startYear":3387,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3388,"instruments":3389,"aliases":3390,"sources":3391,"similarGenres":3392,"subGenres":3393,"parentGenres":3394,"contributors":3395},"03be85c2-95ed-4a4b-9a25-3ca969c89b26","UK Hardcore","UK hardcore settled into a distinct style by 1993–1994 with 4\u002F4 kicks, euphoric synthesiser leads, and layered breakbeats at 150–180 BPM. It remained active in the UK underground through dedicated labels like Evolution Records and massive club events like Slammin' Vinyl.",1993,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3397,"authorId":1557,"name":3398,"description":3399,"startYear":3400,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3401,"instruments":3402,"aliases":3403,"sources":3404,"similarGenres":3405,"subGenres":3406,"parentGenres":3407,"contributors":3408},"16dbd84f-c6c8-4a1a-a88b-3cade81e0216","Ghazal (South Asia)","The ghazal is a poetic form in Arabic, Persian, Urdu, and other languages, set to music across South Asia as a semi-classical vocal genre. Musical ghazal typically features a solo singer performing couplets on themes of love and longing, accompanied by harmonium and tabla, with melodic material drawn from Hindustani raga practice. Twentieth-century masters include Begum Akhtar, Mehdi Hassan, Ghulam Ali, and Jagjit Singh.",1850,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3410,"authorId":1557,"name":3411,"description":3412,"startYear":1702,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":3413,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3414,"instruments":3415,"aliases":3416,"sources":3417,"similarGenres":3418,"subGenres":3419,"parentGenres":3420,"contributors":3421},"6e6c9dd5-9d52-4d49-8675-3d03181e3bf2","Raga Rock","A 1960s fusion style in which Western rock groups incorporated Indian instruments and modal melodies, pioneered by The Beatles, The Byrds, and The Kinks. It popularized the sitar in Anglo-American pop.","Frequently cited in discussions of cultural appropriation of Hindustani classical music by Western pop acts.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3423,"authorId":1557,"name":3424,"description":3425,"startYear":2815,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3426,"instruments":3427,"aliases":3428,"sources":3429,"similarGenres":3430,"subGenres":3431,"parentGenres":3432,"contributors":3433},"eebdf013-3089-4a6d-93e3-3dedf8144585","Celtic Punk","Celtic punk fuses punk rock's energy with Celtic folk instruments and melodies — tin whistles, uilleann pipes, fiddles, and accordions alongside electric guitars and drums. The Pogues pioneered the combination in 1980s London; Flogging Molly and Dropkick Murphys built it into a global genre.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3435,"authorId":1557,"name":3436,"description":3437,"startYear":2555,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3438,"instruments":3439,"aliases":3440,"sources":3441,"similarGenres":3442,"subGenres":3443,"parentGenres":3444,"contributors":3445},"a1138fa1-45c0-4db2-af7f-3e47aeeccd70","Muineira","A traditional Galician bagpipe dance in 6\u002F8 meter, performed with gaita, tamboril, and pandeireta. It is a cornerstone of Galicia's Celtic-identified folk revival.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3447,"authorId":1557,"name":3448,"description":3449,"startYear":2029,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3450,"instruments":3451,"aliases":3452,"sources":3453,"similarGenres":3454,"subGenres":3455,"parentGenres":3456,"contributors":3457},"7ddde59e-0c80-4606-a3f8-3e8f15fe25c5","Plena","An Afro-Puerto Rican folk genre known as 'the sung newspaper' because of its narrative lyrics about local events. It centers on hand-held panderos frame drums and call-and-response vocals.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3459,"authorId":1557,"name":3460,"description":3461,"startYear":2692,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3462,"instruments":3463,"aliases":3464,"sources":3465,"similarGenres":3466,"subGenres":3467,"parentGenres":3468,"contributors":3469},"36293599-8a8b-4baf-8a68-3efc81408a57","Bebop","Bebop emerged in early-1940s New York as a radical reimagining of jazz, emphasising virtuosity, complex harmonic progressions, and fast tempos as a vehicle for improvisation rather than dance. Charlie Parker, Dizzy Gillespie, Thelonious Monk, and Miles Davis defined its vocabulary.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3471,"authorId":1557,"name":3472,"description":3473,"startYear":1978,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3474,"instruments":3475,"aliases":3476,"sources":3477,"similarGenres":3478,"subGenres":3479,"parentGenres":3480,"contributors":3481},"9c478e42-d596-4e1a-9c52-3f2e09e38e07","Singeli","Ultra-fast Tanzanian electronic style with rapid vocals, clipped loops, and relentless momentum.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3483,"authorId":1557,"name":3484,"description":3485,"startYear":3387,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3486,"instruments":3487,"aliases":3488,"sources":3489,"similarGenres":3490,"subGenres":3491,"parentGenres":3492,"contributors":3493},"59e02315-2348-4f92-a95e-3f2fdb828803","Kwaito","Kwaito is a South African popular genre that emerged in Johannesburg townships in the early 1990s, shortly after the end of apartheid. It fuses slowed-down house beats with local basslines, chanted or rapped vocals in township languages, and samples from disco and mbaqanga, and is closely tied to youth identity of that era.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3495,"authorId":1557,"name":3496,"description":3497,"startYear":2029,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3498,"instruments":3499,"aliases":3500,"sources":3501,"similarGenres":3502,"subGenres":3503,"parentGenres":3504,"contributors":3505},"d9083d05-ec53-4eed-b297-3f55d63b2708","Rebetiko","An urban Greek song tradition of the early 20th century, associated with refugees from Asia Minor and the subcultures of port cities. Built around the bouzouki and baglama, its lyrics often explore hashish, prison, and unrequited love.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3507,"authorId":1557,"name":3508,"description":3509,"startYear":1828,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":3510,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3511,"instruments":3512,"aliases":3513,"sources":3514,"similarGenres":3515,"subGenres":3516,"parentGenres":3517,"contributors":3518},"c8245357-3881-42f3-b0e1-3fa2a4e91129","Tallava","An Albanian and Kosovar pop-folk style with roots in Romani weddings, marked by melismatic vocals, synthesized keyboards, and Balkan-Oriental modes. It is a staple of Balkan nightlife and diaspora gatherings.","Tallava is often disparaged in public discourse due to its Romani origins and associations with working-class and underground scenes.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3520,"authorId":1557,"name":3521,"description":3522,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3523,"instruments":3524,"aliases":3525,"sources":3526,"similarGenres":3527,"subGenres":3528,"parentGenres":3529,"contributors":3530},"e794706f-d372-443a-b3ae-3fa3b8c91923","Kyrgyz Manaschi Epic","The tradition of orally reciting the Epic of Manas, Kyrgyzstan's enormous national epic, performed solo by specialists called manaschi. The recitation uses stylized melodic speech and rhythmic cadence without instrumental accompaniment.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3532,"authorId":1557,"name":3533,"description":3534,"startYear":1764,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3535,"instruments":3536,"aliases":3537,"sources":3538,"similarGenres":3539,"subGenres":3540,"parentGenres":3541,"contributors":3542},"220f3348-2835-4a47-a77d-402a2b51e83f","Indie Pop","Indie pop distils indie rock's independent ethos into a melodically brighter, more hook-driven form rooted in 1960s pop, jangly guitar, and C86 aesthetics. Belle and Sebastian, The Pastels, Camera Obscura, and later Alvvays carry the lineage.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3544,"authorId":1557,"name":3545,"description":3546,"startYear":1891,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3547,"instruments":3548,"aliases":3549,"sources":3550,"similarGenres":3551,"subGenres":3552,"parentGenres":3553,"contributors":3554},"9fda86e9-567a-4be3-ad78-40e916fadf33","Alternative Hip-Hop","Alternative hip-hop describes rap that diverges from mainstream commercial styles, often incorporating jazz, soul, electronic, or rock elements and introspective or experimental lyricism. It took shape in the late 1980s and 1990s with artists associated with the Native Tongues and later the indie and underground rap scenes.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3556,"authorId":1557,"name":3557,"description":3558,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3559,"instruments":3560,"aliases":3561,"sources":3562,"similarGenres":3563,"subGenres":3564,"parentGenres":3565,"contributors":3566},"c2da31bf-3a82-4542-bc00-41426d35cba1","Ukrainian Polyphonic Singing","Traditional rural multi-part vocal style of Ukraine, featuring women's ensembles with characteristic open-throat 'white voice' technique and dense harmonies. Repertoire includes calendar, ritual, and work songs.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3568,"authorId":1557,"name":3569,"description":3570,"startYear":1764,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3571,"instruments":3572,"aliases":3573,"sources":3574,"similarGenres":3575,"subGenres":3576,"parentGenres":3577,"contributors":3578},"f09f1782-f090-4bad-b7d5-41d9ed0e8ebb","Pagode","Brazilian samba offshoot centered on banjo, cavaquinho, hand percussion, and social singalong grooves.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3580,"authorId":1557,"name":3581,"description":3582,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3583,"instruments":3584,"aliases":3585,"sources":3586,"similarGenres":3587,"subGenres":3588,"parentGenres":3589,"contributors":3590},"5e56d410-e4e5-4714-91a8-41eced533e04","Khoomei Ensemble Music","Mongolian and Buryat throat-singing group music combining khoomei overtone technique with igil fiddle, morin khuur, and doshpuluur lute. Ensembles like Huun-Huur-Tu brought it to global audiences.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3592,"authorId":1557,"name":3593,"description":3594,"startYear":1828,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3595,"instruments":3596,"aliases":3597,"sources":3598,"similarGenres":3599,"subGenres":3600,"parentGenres":3601,"contributors":3602},"55e6ab4c-7b27-41b6-9322-439ee44ab08b","Etno","Balkan folk fusion that pairs regional traditional material with contemporary pop and world-music production.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3604,"authorId":1557,"name":3605,"description":3606,"startYear":1928,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":3607,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3608,"instruments":3609,"aliases":3610,"sources":3611,"similarGenres":3612,"subGenres":3613,"parentGenres":3614,"contributors":3615},"4e8fe637-8aaf-4dbc-b33b-43ddafae984d","Romani Musics","Romani musics comprise the diverse musical traditions of Romani communities across Europe and beyond, including Balkan brass, Hungarian and Romanian string styles, flamenco, and manouche jazz. While stylistically varied, they share practices of virtuosic performance, ornamented melody, and family-based transmission.","Romani music has been widely appropriated and romanticized by outsiders while Romani communities themselves continue to face discrimination across Europe.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3617,"authorId":1557,"name":3618,"description":3619,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3620,"instruments":3621,"aliases":3622,"sources":3623,"similarGenres":3624,"subGenres":3625,"parentGenres":3626,"contributors":3627},"d07cc557-8fa7-48de-ba31-4458996d1b16","Changsha Huaguxi","A lively folk opera tradition originating in Changsha and the surrounding Hunan province, performed in the local Changsha dialect with accompaniment of two-stringed fiddles, gongs, and drums. Like other huagu (flower drum) opera forms across central China, it draws on rural folk songs, harvest ceremonies, and market entertainment, combining comedy, lyrical singing, and stylized movement. Changsha Huaguxi is recognized as an intangible cultural heritage of Hunan province and remains a living performance tradition in local festivals and theatres.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3629,"authorId":1557,"name":3630,"description":3631,"startYear":1928,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3632,"instruments":3633,"aliases":3634,"sources":3635,"similarGenres":3636,"subGenres":3637,"parentGenres":3638,"contributors":3639},"350eb12e-91bd-4c13-91a2-445a0569932e","Tondero","Peruvian coastal song and dance style blending guitar, cajon, and Afro-indigenous rhythmic feel.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3641,"authorId":1557,"name":3642,"description":3643,"startYear":2555,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3644,"instruments":3645,"aliases":3646,"sources":3647,"similarGenres":3648,"subGenres":3649,"parentGenres":3650,"contributors":3651},"68734b03-6c7c-4587-a1a0-4470694f2c35","Georgian Polyphony","Georgian polyphony is a centuries-old vocal tradition from the Caucasus featuring three independent vocal lines, often using sharp dissonances and non-tempered intervals. Regional styles vary widely, from the complex three-part singing of Guria and Svaneti to the drone-based songs of Kakheti, and include both sacred Orthodox chant and secular work and table songs. UNESCO proclaimed it a Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity in 2001.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3653,"authorId":1557,"name":3654,"description":3655,"startYear":1790,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3656,"instruments":3657,"aliases":3658,"sources":3659,"similarGenres":3660,"subGenres":3661,"parentGenres":3662,"contributors":3663},"ed0affd8-264e-4de3-8bdb-4499a718d33b","Death Metal","Death metal emerged from thrash in the early 1980s with heavily distorted down-tuned guitars, blast-beat drumming, and growled or guttural vocals. Death, Morbid Angel, and Obituary in Florida, and later Scandinavian acts, developed it into a globally active extreme metal genre.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3665,"authorId":1557,"name":3666,"description":3667,"startYear":2692,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3668,"instruments":3669,"aliases":3670,"sources":3671,"similarGenres":3672,"subGenres":3673,"parentGenres":3674,"contributors":3675},"f303c793-55a2-4453-9f99-4509681732bf","Latin Jazz","Latin jazz fuses Afro-Cuban and Brazilian rhythmic structures — clave, bossa nova, samba — with jazz harmony and improvisation. Tito Puente, Chucho Valdés, and later Arturo Sandoval and Paquito D'Rivera built a genre that spans Afro-Cuban jazz to Bossa Nova and beyond.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3677,"authorId":1557,"name":3678,"description":3679,"startYear":2029,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3680,"instruments":3681,"aliases":3682,"sources":3683,"similarGenres":3684,"subGenres":3685,"parentGenres":3686,"contributors":3687},"5c45d0ad-59f7-4cdc-b286-45a2590e65d9","Parang","A Venezuelan-derived Christmas folk music popular in Trinidad and Tobago, sung in Spanish and accompanied by cuatro, maracas and guitar. Groups of parranderos travel house-to-house performing aguinaldos and serenales during the festive season.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3689,"authorId":1557,"name":3690,"description":3691,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":3692,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3693,"instruments":3694,"aliases":3695,"sources":3696,"similarGenres":3697,"subGenres":3698,"parentGenres":3699,"contributors":3700},"b89d539f-937c-4514-b9e2-460def89e9d3","Junkanoo","A Bahamian street parade music featuring goatskin drums, cowbells, brass, and whistles, performed most famously on Boxing Day and New Year's Day. It has African antecedents and is central to Bahamian national identity.","Junkanoo originates in the traditions of enslaved Africans in the colonial Caribbean and carries a layered history of resistance and festival.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3702,"authorId":1557,"name":3703,"description":3704,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3705,"instruments":3706,"aliases":3707,"sources":3708,"similarGenres":3709,"subGenres":3710,"parentGenres":3711,"contributors":3712},"7a6e29d8-6861-4697-baf0-4713959d9bd2","Sopana Sangeetham","A devotional temple music tradition of Kerala performed on the steps (sopanam) of sanctuaries, accompanied by the edakka hourglass drum. Its melodic style is distinct from mainstream Carnatic music.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3714,"authorId":1557,"name":3715,"description":3716,"startYear":2815,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":3717,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3718,"instruments":3719,"aliases":3720,"sources":3721,"similarGenres":3722,"subGenres":3723,"parentGenres":3724,"contributors":3725},"6dae6ae8-f3db-4aee-80a2-472afda8cf6f","Rai","Algerian popular music mixing folk roots with modern grooves, direct vocals, and urban attitude.","Several raï artists were targeted with violence during Algeria's civil conflict in the 1990s because of the genre's frank lyrics and perceived challenge to religious conservatism.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3727,"authorId":1557,"name":3728,"description":3729,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3730,"instruments":3731,"aliases":3732,"sources":3733,"similarGenres":3734,"subGenres":3735,"parentGenres":3736,"contributors":3737},"2eee6377-9565-4167-9f46-4735e55e3a4c","Saluang Minang","A Minangkabau tradition from West Sumatra pairing the saluang bamboo flute with a distinctive high-pitched vocal style, circular breathing, and poetic lyrics. It is performed at night gatherings lasting into the early morning.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3739,"authorId":1557,"name":3740,"description":3741,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3742,"instruments":3743,"aliases":3744,"sources":3745,"similarGenres":3746,"subGenres":3747,"parentGenres":3748,"contributors":3749},"b9cebfe1-019e-4774-96c7-473eb1e4f86d","Marimba Chapina","A Guatemalan marimba-ensemble music declared the national instrument of Guatemala, performed in duet or trio formations. Repertoire ranges from waltzes and sones to modern popular arrangements.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3751,"authorId":1557,"name":3752,"description":3753,"startYear":1689,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3754,"instruments":3755,"aliases":3756,"sources":3757,"similarGenres":3758,"subGenres":3759,"parentGenres":3760,"contributors":3761},"8979d1c8-310e-44d3-93af-478993e49621","Tsapiky","A fast guitar-driven dance music from southwestern Madagascar built on rolling electric guitar patterns, bass, and drum kit. It fuses Bara and Mahafaly traditional rhythms with soukous-influenced dance energy.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3763,"authorId":1557,"name":3764,"description":3765,"startYear":1702,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3766,"instruments":3767,"aliases":3768,"sources":3769,"similarGenres":3770,"subGenres":3771,"parentGenres":3772,"contributors":3773},"02e568e8-2cd6-404c-b9ca-47eddede0e52","Latin Rock","Latin rock emerged in 1960s California, blending rock guitar with Afro-Cuban percussion and Latin rhythms. Carlos Santana defined its sound in 1969, and subsequent generations — Los Lobos, Maná, Molotov, and Café Tacvba — broadened it into a pan-American genre.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3775,"authorId":1557,"name":3776,"description":3777,"startYear":1600,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3778,"instruments":3779,"aliases":3780,"sources":3781,"similarGenres":3782,"subGenres":3783,"parentGenres":3784,"contributors":3785},"81d4c435-3803-492e-8663-48f80ea0157a","Khaleeji","Khaleeji refers to the popular and traditional music of the Arab Gulf states, including Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, the UAE, and Oman. It is typically built on maqam-based melodies, oud and qanun, distinctive Gulf rhythms such as those of sawt and khaliji dance, and call-and-response vocals.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3787,"authorId":3788,"name":3789,"description":3790,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":3791,"countries":3792,"instruments":3793,"aliases":3794,"sources":3795,"similarGenres":3796,"subGenres":3797,"parentGenres":3798,"contributors":3799},"617970a8-648f-441a-b871-491a410dfe0f","d28b14b2-762e-49e9-9ab5-08dedb27321f","Luxembourgish Rap","Luxembourgish rap emerged late 1980s, influenced by the US culture, rapping in French, German and English. The first breakthrough Luxembourgish language is considered to be “Firwat” by “The Gentles” in 2003.","https:\u002F\u002Fopen.spotify.com\u002Fplaylist\u002F3SwifJdWmyR8ub3qevV2GX?si=79f1e71213d94ff4",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3801,"authorId":1557,"name":3802,"description":3803,"startYear":2692,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3804,"instruments":3805,"aliases":3806,"sources":3807,"similarGenres":3808,"subGenres":3809,"parentGenres":3810,"contributors":3811},"10747655-1c0c-4fe9-aaa3-4949d2344b90","Chaabi Algerien","Algerian urban popular music with Andalusi roots, poetic lyrics, and mandole-led ensemble playing.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3813,"authorId":1557,"name":3814,"description":3815,"startYear":1575,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3816,"instruments":3817,"aliases":3818,"sources":3819,"similarGenres":3820,"subGenres":3821,"parentGenres":3822,"contributors":3823},"df9062ec-2658-4ca6-8ce4-496808e51915","Jit","A fast Zimbabwean popular guitar music with clipped, bouncing rhythms drawn from mbira patterns transposed onto electric guitar. The Bhundu Boys helped bring it to international audiences in the 1980s.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3825,"authorId":1557,"name":3826,"description":3827,"startYear":1727,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3828,"instruments":3829,"aliases":3830,"sources":3831,"similarGenres":3832,"subGenres":3833,"parentGenres":3834,"contributors":3835},"27d81abe-1725-4435-a6ee-49b3953d79a1","Kulning","A high-pitched Scandinavian herding call used traditionally by women to summon livestock over long distances in forests and mountains. It features piercing head-voice ornamentation and minor-mode melodies.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3837,"authorId":1557,"name":3838,"description":3839,"startYear":2029,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3840,"instruments":3841,"aliases":3842,"sources":3843,"similarGenres":3844,"subGenres":3845,"parentGenres":3846,"contributors":3847},"bf9b0c39-253c-4d55-9651-4a6f91b51999","Chalghi Baghdad","Iraqi urban ensemble tradition supporting maqam singing with santur, joza, and hand percussion.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3849,"authorId":1557,"name":3850,"description":3851,"startYear":2641,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3852,"instruments":3853,"aliases":3854,"sources":3855,"similarGenres":3856,"subGenres":3857,"parentGenres":3858,"contributors":3859},"81636d81-b19c-4eba-b22f-4aadfbdfce9e","Epirotiko Polyphonic Song","A distinctive polyphonic vocal tradition of the Epirus region, featuring drone voices, a leader, and an 'isokratis' continuo, performed at gatherings and rituals. UNESCO recognized the Albanian iso-polyphony variant in 2005.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3861,"authorId":1557,"name":3862,"description":3863,"startYear":3864,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3865,"instruments":3866,"aliases":3867,"sources":3868,"similarGenres":3869,"subGenres":3870,"parentGenres":3871,"contributors":3872},"ebe769a3-847a-4956-bbb0-4bdabea26974","Rumba Congolaise","Congolese urban guitar music derived from Afro-Cuban models and expanded into lyrical dance bands.",1948,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3874,"authorId":1557,"name":3875,"description":3876,"startYear":3877,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3878,"instruments":3879,"aliases":3880,"sources":3881,"similarGenres":3882,"subGenres":3883,"parentGenres":3884,"contributors":3885},"6d6d8c2d-1d79-485e-a51e-4c1f6d080a26","French Rap","French rap emerged in the late 1980s in Paris suburbs populated by North and sub-Saharan African and Caribbean communities, giving voice to immigration, racism, and precarity. IAM, NTM, and MC Solaar established it; Booba, Jul, and Nekfeu made it France's dominant pop genre.",1988,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3887,"authorId":1557,"name":3888,"description":3889,"startYear":3890,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3891,"instruments":3892,"aliases":3893,"sources":3894,"similarGenres":3895,"subGenres":3896,"parentGenres":3897,"contributors":3898},"8599e633-47d8-4ef8-a06e-4c67bb91c267","Pansori","A Korean narrative singing genre performed by a solo vocalist and a barrel-drum (buk) player, telling long epic tales. It is recognized by UNESCO and considered a pillar of traditional Korean performing arts.",1750,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3900,"authorId":1557,"name":3901,"description":3902,"startYear":2790,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3903,"instruments":3904,"aliases":3905,"sources":3906,"similarGenres":3907,"subGenres":3908,"parentGenres":3909,"contributors":3910},"2706f718-b12c-4f0a-b86c-4f438eba0298","Alternative Rock","Alternative rock is a broad category for guitar-led rock outside the mainstream from the late 1970s onwards, originally a chart designation that became associated with college radio, independent labels, and a DIY ethic. It went mainstream in the early 1990s with Nirvana, Radiohead, and R.E.M.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3912,"authorId":1557,"name":3913,"description":3914,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3915,"instruments":3916,"aliases":3917,"sources":3918,"similarGenres":3919,"subGenres":3920,"parentGenres":3921,"contributors":3922},"2b9b2f13-e53c-492c-9dc8-4f6f974fea12","Ardah","Traditional Saudi and Gulf sword dance with poetry and drumming, historically performed before battle and now at national celebrations. Male performers carry swords and chant in call-and-response.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3924,"authorId":1557,"name":3925,"description":3926,"startYear":3927,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3928,"instruments":3929,"aliases":3930,"sources":3931,"similarGenres":3932,"subGenres":3933,"parentGenres":3934,"contributors":3935},"36eef4ee-2ab9-4100-bb59-50f59cdc96f1","Tanchaz","Hungarian 'dance house' revival movement reviving authentic village folk dance and music from Transylvania and the Carpathian Basin. Began in 1970s Budapest and became a central form of living folk tradition.",1972,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3937,"authorId":1557,"name":3938,"description":3939,"startYear":2029,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3940,"instruments":3941,"aliases":3942,"sources":3943,"similarGenres":3944,"subGenres":3945,"parentGenres":3946,"contributors":3947},"f5e5eab7-8d15-49e5-8395-510d8934a1dd","Mariachi","Mexican ensemble tradition with trumpets, violins, guitars, and songs of love, pride, and festivity.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3949,"authorId":1557,"name":3950,"description":3951,"startYear":3952,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":3953,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3954,"instruments":3955,"aliases":3956,"sources":3957,"similarGenres":3958,"subGenres":3959,"parentGenres":3960,"contributors":3961},"e6f420de-7071-4d89-a150-5180810c948c","Kaapse Klopse","The Cape Town Minstrel Carnival music of the Cape Coloured community, featuring banjo, ghoema drum and brass. Groups parade through the streets on 2 January ('Tweede Nuwe Jaar') singing comic and sentimental songs.",1887,"The tradition's minstrel imagery reflects a complex colonial and enslaved history central to Cape Coloured identity.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3963,"authorId":1557,"name":3964,"description":3965,"startYear":3877,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":3966,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3967,"instruments":3968,"aliases":3969,"sources":3970,"similarGenres":3971,"subGenres":3972,"parentGenres":3973,"contributors":3974},"e2f0c3a7-4261-4580-a18c-51c2efc1266f","Gangsta Rap","Gangsta rap is a hip hop subgenre that emerged in the mid-to-late 1980s on the US West Coast, with Schoolly D, Ice-T, and N.W.A among its pioneers. Its lyrics depict street life, policing, and gang conflict, typically over hard-hitting drum programming and later G-funk synth textures. The style has been the subject of long-standing debate over violence, misogyny, and its relationship to lived experience in Black urban America.","Gangsta rap has been criticized for violent and misogynistic content and is often discussed in contested terms around race, policing, and authenticity.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3976,"authorId":1557,"name":3977,"description":3978,"startYear":2426,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":3979,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3980,"instruments":3981,"aliases":3982,"sources":3983,"similarGenres":3984,"subGenres":3985,"parentGenres":3986,"contributors":3987},"e07315af-a773-4a53-9342-523cfdebe480","Cumbia Villera","Cumbia Villera emerged in the late 1990s in the working-class villas (shantytowns) of Buenos Aires and Greater Buenos Aires. Built on synth-driven cumbia grooves with rock and reggae inflections, its lyrics are candid and often confrontational, portraying poverty, crime, drugs and marginal life.","Lyrics frequently depict drug use, violence and marginalization and were subject to broadcast restrictions in Argentina in the 2000s.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":3989,"authorId":1557,"name":3990,"description":3991,"startYear":1575,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":3992,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":3993,"instruments":3994,"aliases":3995,"sources":3996,"similarGenres":3997,"subGenres":3998,"parentGenres":3999,"contributors":4000},"04227373-bd9c-40f5-a46b-52b7f61d41bc","Baile Funk","A Rio de Janeiro favela dance music built on the Miami bass 'Volt Mix' loop, with rapid-fire Portuguese rhymes about sex, politics, and street life. It is one of Brazil's most influential urban genres.","Baile funk has faced heavy stigma and policing in Brazil, with favela funk parties historically targeted by law enforcement.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4002,"authorId":1557,"name":4003,"description":4004,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":4005,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4006,"instruments":4007,"aliases":4008,"sources":4009,"similarGenres":4010,"subGenres":4011,"parentGenres":4012,"contributors":4013},"f6adeb2d-9e7a-469c-94ca-52d8ceef6d96","Muzica Lautareasca","Romanian lautari music with ornate singing and violin, cimbalom, and accordion performance.","Performed by Romani lăutari musicians, sometimes subject to ethnic stereotyping in broader Romanian society.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4015,"authorId":1557,"name":4016,"description":4017,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4018,"instruments":4019,"aliases":4020,"sources":4021,"similarGenres":4022,"subGenres":4023,"parentGenres":4024,"contributors":4025},"3f528147-cb92-46a6-bf80-52e52a748837","Kurdish Folk Music","Kurdish traditional music featuring narrative singing, tembur or saz, and dance-based rhythms.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4027,"authorId":1557,"name":4028,"description":4029,"startYear":3400,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4030,"instruments":4031,"aliases":4032,"sources":4033,"similarGenres":4034,"subGenres":4035,"parentGenres":4036,"contributors":4037},"5360fb3a-5066-4c02-92be-5304ad905701","Xote","Forro dance rhythm with a lighter, gliding feel, usually led by accordion, zabumba, and triangle.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4039,"authorId":1557,"name":4040,"description":4041,"startYear":1560,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4042,"instruments":4043,"aliases":4044,"sources":4045,"similarGenres":4046,"subGenres":4047,"parentGenres":4048,"contributors":4049},"bc724d6e-c47b-4e6f-9a8b-532621c72abe","Cloud Rap","Cloud Rap is a hip hop style that crystallized around 2010 on SoundCloud and blog networks, associated with producers like Clams Casino and artists like Lil B and A$AP Rocky. It favors hazy, reverb-drenched samples, ambient pads and slow trap drums, with vocals often treated to sound distant or dreamlike.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4051,"authorId":1557,"name":4052,"description":4053,"startYear":3186,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4054,"instruments":4055,"aliases":4056,"sources":4057,"similarGenres":4058,"subGenres":4059,"parentGenres":4060,"contributors":4061},"57412e68-b885-4991-a3c7-5380022ac839","Hip Hop","Hip hop is a musical and cultural form that emerged in the Bronx, New York, in the 1970s among Black and Latino youth, with DJ Kool Herc's breakbeat parties as a founding moment. Its musical core combines rapping, DJing with turntablism, and beat production built on sampling and drum machines, alongside wider cultural elements of breakdance and graffiti. It has since become a dominant global popular music with many regional scenes and subgenres.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4063,"authorId":1557,"name":4064,"description":4065,"startYear":2641,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":4066,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4067,"instruments":4068,"aliases":4069,"sources":4070,"similarGenres":4071,"subGenres":4072,"parentGenres":4073,"contributors":4074},"e67e0120-26f2-4fc7-ab35-538ecae238b7","Gwo Ka","A traditional Guadeloupean genre of drum, song and dance descended from Afro-Caribbean slave culture. It is built around seven rhythms played on ka barrel drums and accompanied by call-and-response singing in Creole.","Rooted in the enslaved African experience in Guadeloupe; treated as heritage central to Afro-Guadeloupean identity.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4076,"authorId":1557,"name":4077,"description":4078,"startYear":1991,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4079,"instruments":4080,"aliases":4081,"sources":4082,"similarGenres":4083,"subGenres":4084,"parentGenres":4085,"contributors":4086},"2831ac12-1c13-4e9d-b67d-539c1060761b","Entechno","Greek art-popular song form developed by composers like Mikis Theodorakis and Manos Hadjidakis, setting poetry to orchestrated music drawing on rebetiko and Byzantine influences. A refined urban genre.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4088,"authorId":1557,"name":4089,"description":4090,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4091,"instruments":4092,"aliases":4093,"sources":4094,"similarGenres":4095,"subGenres":4096,"parentGenres":4097,"contributors":4098},"eb0854dc-ba1e-43a0-8734-540ca3c66e25","Shomyo","Japanese Buddhist liturgical chant tradition brought from China with Tendai and Shingon schools. Monophonic and melismatic, sung in Sanskrit, Chinese, or Japanese as part of temple rituals.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4100,"authorId":1557,"name":4101,"description":4102,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4103,"instruments":4104,"aliases":4105,"sources":4106,"similarGenres":4107,"subGenres":4108,"parentGenres":4109,"contributors":4110},"e3d7a03a-a1d7-4408-952d-54a1550508b8","Molam Lao","A Lao sung-poetry tradition closely related to Thai mor lam, featuring rapid-fire storytelling vocals over the khaen free-reed mouth organ. It is central to Lao village life and diasporic Lao identity.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4112,"authorId":1557,"name":4113,"description":4114,"startYear":1991,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4115,"instruments":4116,"aliases":4117,"sources":4118,"similarGenres":4119,"subGenres":4120,"parentGenres":4121,"contributors":4122},"cfdcf61f-5890-4b11-9b8d-54da2b9be599","Latin Pop","Latin pop blends Spanish-language songwriting with mainstream pop production, gaining international prominence through artists like Julio Iglesias in the 1970s–80s and exploding with the Latin pop boom of the late 1990s (Ricky Martin, Jennifer Lopez, Shakira) and 2010s streaming era.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4124,"authorId":1557,"name":4125,"description":4126,"startYear":2179,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4127,"instruments":4128,"aliases":4129,"sources":4130,"similarGenres":4131,"subGenres":4132,"parentGenres":4133,"contributors":4134},"0bda36d4-2f4c-4984-9491-5568bf426d52","Morna","Cape Verdean song style known for wistful melodies, saudade, and acoustic string accompaniment.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4136,"authorId":1557,"name":4137,"description":4138,"startYear":3324,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4139,"instruments":4140,"aliases":4141,"sources":4142,"similarGenres":4143,"subGenres":4144,"parentGenres":4145,"contributors":4146},"30e711ab-3390-4a3f-ba5c-55da28b4dd0c","Shangaan Electro","An ultra-fast electronic dance music from the Limpopo Tsonga communities of South Africa, running around 180 BPM with marimba-like MIDI melodies and rapid-fire dance routines. Producer Nozinja is its defining figure.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4148,"authorId":1557,"name":4149,"description":4150,"startYear":2729,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4151,"instruments":4152,"aliases":4153,"sources":4154,"similarGenres":4155,"subGenres":4156,"parentGenres":4157,"contributors":4158},"30a799cd-35be-42f0-84e7-56b0f575a201","Deep House","House music with warm chords, spacious grooves, and a smoother, moodier dancefloor feel.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4160,"authorId":1557,"name":4161,"description":4162,"startYear":4163,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4164,"instruments":4165,"aliases":4166,"sources":4167,"similarGenres":4168,"subGenres":4169,"parentGenres":4170,"contributors":4171},"79297b6d-2fb8-465d-9ff4-56d30f211510","Sanjo","A Korean solo instrumental genre in which a melodic instrument such as the gayageum or geomungo is accompanied by a janggu drum, moving through a suite of increasingly fast rhythmic cycles. It emerged from shamanic sinawi improvisation in the late nineteenth century.",1890,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4173,"authorId":1557,"name":4174,"description":4175,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4176,"instruments":4177,"aliases":4178,"sources":4179,"similarGenres":4180,"subGenres":4181,"parentGenres":4182,"contributors":4183},"7b0aa36d-ab17-4117-a5a2-57ccee8b90e8","Bakhshi","A Turkmen and Uzbek bardic tradition in which the bakhshi sings epic dastans and lyrical poetry while accompanying themselves on the dutar lute. The performer acts as storyteller, musician, and transmitter of oral history.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4185,"authorId":1557,"name":4186,"description":4187,"startYear":1978,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4188,"instruments":4189,"aliases":4190,"sources":4191,"similarGenres":4192,"subGenres":4193,"parentGenres":4194,"contributors":4195},"5ca00e88-fccd-4180-95ce-586da14c67e2","Hardstyle","Hardstyle emerged from the Netherlands in the early 2000s, combining hard kick drums with melodic synthesiser leads at 140–160 BPM. It developed its own massive festival circuit — Qlimax, Defqon.1 — and a dedicated global fanbase, making it the most commercially successful offshoot of hardcore techno.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4197,"authorId":1557,"name":4198,"description":4199,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4200,"instruments":4201,"aliases":4202,"sources":4203,"similarGenres":4204,"subGenres":4205,"parentGenres":4206,"contributors":4207},"f5a7989e-488c-4727-bc00-58934582021e","Likay","A popular Thai folk theatre music featuring improvised sung dialogue backed by piphat percussion. Performances blend melodrama, comedy, and topical commentary at temple fairs.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4209,"authorId":4210,"name":4211,"description":4212,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":4213,"countries":4214,"instruments":4215,"aliases":4216,"sources":4217,"similarGenres":4218,"subGenres":4219,"parentGenres":4220,"contributors":4221},"0a81c713-3cdf-4303-8890-58f9c9906488","475b880f-acea-4b84-91b4-08ded90f4caa","Electro Sha'abi","Electro Shaabi is an energetic Egyptian street music that emerged from Cairo’s working-class neighborhoods in the late 2000s. It blends traditional shaabi (folk music) with heavy auto-tune, synthesizers, and driving electronic beats, acting as a powerful outlet for restless youth.","https:\u002F\u002Fyoutube.com\u002Fplaylist?list=PL1DPutg7RsDvz2gX5yrl91lsUbmgBeHHE&si=ZqZZlsD4oXR6dsly",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4223,"authorId":1557,"name":4224,"description":4225,"startYear":1689,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4226,"instruments":4227,"aliases":4228,"sources":4229,"similarGenres":4230,"subGenres":4231,"parentGenres":4232,"contributors":4233},"7dbc4f57-df44-4b64-b2f8-5931bd000f78","Cumbia Sonidera","Cumbia Sonidera is a Mexican variant of cumbia centered on sonidero DJ culture, especially in Mexico City, Puebla and Monterrey. Sonideros play cumbia records at slowed tempos and layer live spoken shout-outs, echo effects and dedications to audience members, turning playback into a participatory performance.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4235,"authorId":1557,"name":4236,"description":4237,"startYear":2692,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4238,"instruments":4239,"aliases":4240,"sources":4241,"similarGenres":4242,"subGenres":4243,"parentGenres":4244,"contributors":4245},"432b9c70-eb04-465a-b42e-59a5c58ac3aa","Chicago Blues","Chicago blues developed from the Delta blues brought north by the Great Migration, adding electric guitar, amplification, harmonica, and a rhythm section. Muddy Waters, Howlin' Wolf, Little Walter, and Chess Records created a louder, urban sound that directly inspired British rock and roll.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4247,"authorId":1557,"name":4248,"description":4249,"startYear":2326,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4250,"instruments":4251,"aliases":4252,"sources":4253,"similarGenres":4254,"subGenres":4255,"parentGenres":4256,"contributors":4257},"847aac14-aa79-4bcc-9c72-5a624482912a","Minimal Techno","Minimal techno stripped the genre to its bare elements — subtle rhythmic variations, sparse textures, and long hypnotic structures. Richie Hawtin (Plastikman), Basic Channel, and Robert Hood defined its aesthetic in the mid-1990s, and it influenced the microhouse and tech-house movements that followed.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4259,"authorId":1557,"name":4260,"description":4261,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":4262,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4263,"instruments":4264,"aliases":4265,"sources":4266,"similarGenres":4267,"subGenres":4268,"parentGenres":4269,"contributors":4270},"2c7379c0-9be4-4225-9a5f-5bc70324a8c1","Bullerengue","An Afro-Colombian genre from the Caribbean coast featuring call-and-response female vocals, handclaps, and tambora-family drums. Rooted in maroon communities, it centers women's voices and circular dances.","Bullerengue was developed by descendants of enslaved Africans and is tied to maroon cultural heritage.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4272,"authorId":1557,"name":4273,"description":4274,"startYear":4275,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4276,"instruments":4277,"aliases":4278,"sources":4279,"similarGenres":4280,"subGenres":4281,"parentGenres":4282,"contributors":4283},"51a766cc-a748-4054-89df-5bf47a0f4856","Forro","Northeastern Brazilian dance music centered on accordion, zabumba, triangle, and close-couple dancing.",1946,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4285,"authorId":1557,"name":4286,"description":4287,"startYear":1575,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4288,"instruments":4289,"aliases":4290,"sources":4291,"similarGenres":4292,"subGenres":4293,"parentGenres":4294,"contributors":4295},"131d3fb3-2c01-47c5-94b6-5c9768985404","Pop Sunda","A West Javanese popular music style blending Sundanese instruments like kacapi and suling with pop song forms. It rose to prominence with artists such as Doel Sumbang and Nining Meida.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4297,"authorId":1557,"name":4298,"description":4299,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4300,"instruments":4301,"aliases":4302,"sources":4303,"similarGenres":4304,"subGenres":4305,"parentGenres":4306,"contributors":4307},"a28ebb26-10c8-426b-ac25-5d6296921adc","Dimotiko","Traditional Greek folk song tradition encompassing regional styles from mainland Greece, featuring clarinet, violin, and laouto. Includes klephtic heroic ballads and dance forms like tsamiko and kalamatianos.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4309,"authorId":1557,"name":4310,"description":4311,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4312,"instruments":4313,"aliases":4314,"sources":4315,"similarGenres":4316,"subGenres":4317,"parentGenres":4318,"contributors":4319},"ce8505c6-2f08-4cef-bfb5-5d6396483857","Rake-and-Scrape","A Bahamian folk music built around a carpenter's saw scraped with a metal object, accordion, and goatskin drum. It accompanies quadrille dances and is strongest in the Family Islands.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4321,"authorId":1557,"name":4322,"description":4323,"startYear":2790,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4324,"instruments":4325,"aliases":4326,"sources":4327,"similarGenres":4328,"subGenres":4329,"parentGenres":4330,"contributors":4331},"f3e9120f-b20f-4577-994c-5e460b854dcd","Neue Deutsche Welle","Neue Deutsche Welle (NDW) was Germany's new wave movement from the late 1970s to the mid-1980s, producing German-language punk and synth-pop with humour and absurdist lyrics. Nena, Trio, and Falco crossed over to international charts.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4333,"authorId":1557,"name":4334,"description":4335,"startYear":1891,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4336,"instruments":4337,"aliases":4338,"sources":4339,"similarGenres":4340,"subGenres":4341,"parentGenres":4342,"contributors":4343},"2c51a4f5-53f0-43e3-b307-5e5cc55af14b","Pop Punk","Pop punk fuses punk rock's guitar energy with melodic hooks, pioneered by Green Day and The Offspring in the early 1990s and dominant in the 2000s mainstream through Blink-182, Sum 41, and Paramore.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4345,"authorId":1557,"name":4346,"description":4347,"startYear":2641,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4348,"instruments":4349,"aliases":4350,"sources":4351,"similarGenres":4352,"subGenres":4353,"parentGenres":4354,"contributors":4355},"de2f73cf-e041-478b-b6ba-5e728451ff32","Ghoomar","A Rajasthani folk dance-song tradition performed primarily by women in swirling ghagras, accompanied by dholak, harmonium, and choral singing. Originating in the Bhil community, it became emblematic of Rajasthani cultural identity.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4357,"authorId":1557,"name":4358,"description":4359,"startYear":1978,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4360,"instruments":4361,"aliases":4362,"sources":4363,"similarGenres":4364,"subGenres":4365,"parentGenres":4366,"contributors":4367},"ede5a11a-4737-46d3-beef-5eddb135efdb","Tecnobrega","Electronic pop from Belem that joins brega sentiment with cheap synths and dance beats.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4369,"authorId":1557,"name":4370,"description":4371,"startYear":4372,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4373,"instruments":4374,"aliases":4375,"sources":4376,"similarGenres":4377,"subGenres":4378,"parentGenres":4379,"contributors":4380},"590856b8-aeb0-4dda-b636-5ef25c688980","Private School Amapiano","Private school amapiano is a smoother, more melodic strand of South African amapiano, typically built around jazzy keys, soulful vocals, and softer log-drum patterns. It contrasts with rawer street styles by foregrounding polished production and emotional vocal performances.",2019,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4382,"authorId":1557,"name":4383,"description":4384,"startYear":1928,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4385,"instruments":4386,"aliases":4387,"sources":4388,"similarGenres":4389,"subGenres":4390,"parentGenres":4391,"contributors":4392},"eb157f81-0843-4c47-8fa3-5f15b68c537b","Eastern European Folk","Eastern European Folk is a broad label for traditional musics of countries from the Baltics to the Balkans, including Polish, Ukrainian, Romanian, Hungarian, Bulgarian and Serbian traditions. Common features include modal melodies, asymmetric meters, close vocal harmonies, and instruments such as the violin, accordion, cimbalom, bagpipes and frame drums.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4394,"authorId":1557,"name":4395,"description":4396,"startYear":2179,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4397,"instruments":4398,"aliases":4399,"sources":4400,"similarGenres":4401,"subGenres":4402,"parentGenres":4403,"contributors":4404},"82c1543f-1def-4e9d-ba57-608aaa1c0acd","West African Popular Music","West African popular music linking highlife, Afro-fusion, guitar bands, and dance orchestras.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4406,"authorId":1557,"name":4407,"description":4408,"startYear":2692,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4409,"instruments":4410,"aliases":4411,"sources":4412,"similarGenres":4413,"subGenres":4414,"parentGenres":4415,"contributors":4416},"72d9bbb5-bf71-48c0-8439-60bcbc8e855a","R&B","Rhythm and blues emerged in 1940s African-American communities as a commercialisation of jazz, blues, and gospel for dance. Its evolution through soul, funk, new jack swing, and contemporary production made it one of the most continuously dominant forces in American popular music.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4418,"authorId":1557,"name":4419,"description":4420,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4421,"instruments":4422,"aliases":4423,"sources":4424,"similarGenres":4425,"subGenres":4426,"parentGenres":4427,"contributors":4428},"f093455f-9f1e-41af-938b-60dfe0b4eed2","Zeibekiko","A Greek solo male dance music in irregular 9\u002F8 meter performed in rebetiko and laiko clubs. It evokes individual pathos, with the dancer improvising around a lamenting bouzouki melody.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4430,"authorId":1557,"name":4431,"description":4432,"startYear":2078,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4433,"instruments":4434,"aliases":4435,"sources":4436,"similarGenres":4437,"subGenres":4438,"parentGenres":4439,"contributors":4440},"f5d10c90-e5e5-4518-b784-60fcb8e20bf0","Guaguanco","A subgenre of Cuban rumba combining percussion, vocals and a flirtatious couple dance. It uses three conga drums, claves, and a call-and-response singing style rooted in Afro-Cuban traditions.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4442,"authorId":1557,"name":4443,"description":4444,"startYear":2530,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4445,"instruments":4446,"aliases":4447,"sources":4448,"similarGenres":4449,"subGenres":4450,"parentGenres":4451,"contributors":4452},"b1170902-b102-4ef0-abde-610e0f07392d","Southern Hip-Hop","Southern Hip-Hop developed in the US South from the late 1980s, with major scenes in Atlanta, Houston, New Orleans, Memphis, and Miami. It encompasses substyles such as Miami bass, Houston's chopped and screwed, New Orleans bounce, Memphis horrorcore, and Atlanta trap, typically built on heavy 808 drum programming, syncopated hi-hats, and regional vocal cadences. By the 2000s it had become the dominant commercial force in hip-hop.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4454,"authorId":1557,"name":4455,"description":4456,"startYear":4457,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4458,"instruments":4459,"aliases":4460,"sources":4461,"similarGenres":4462,"subGenres":4463,"parentGenres":4464,"contributors":4465},"37c5f354-af11-43a0-ba54-6115696db2aa","Grime","Grime emerged in early-2000s East London, blending UK garage's rhythmic template with rapid-fire MC vocals over angular, minimalist 140-BPM beats. Dizzee Rascal, Wiley, Skepta, and Stormzy carried it from pirate radio to global recognition and Mercury Prize wins.",2002,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4467,"authorId":1557,"name":4468,"description":4469,"startYear":1878,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4470,"instruments":4471,"aliases":4472,"sources":4473,"similarGenres":4474,"subGenres":4475,"parentGenres":4476,"contributors":4477},"63daf7ba-1745-4c34-a267-612285478e16","Arabesk","Turkish popular genre emerging in the late 1960s, blending Turkish folk, Arab, and Western pop influences with melancholic themes of urban migration and unrequited love. Orchestrated with strings and saz.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4479,"authorId":1557,"name":4480,"description":4481,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4482,"instruments":4483,"aliases":4484,"sources":4485,"similarGenres":4486,"subGenres":4487,"parentGenres":4488,"contributors":4489},"30a9518f-5310-41d9-8851-616313dcf7d5","Doina","Romanian and Moldovan lyrical folk song form, typically sung solo in free rhythm with improvised melismatic melodies expressing longing, love of nature, or lament. A UNESCO-listed heritage genre.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4491,"authorId":1557,"name":4492,"description":4493,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4494,"instruments":4495,"aliases":4496,"sources":4497,"similarGenres":4498,"subGenres":4499,"parentGenres":4500,"contributors":4501},"b4f2d88b-8cc6-40ce-909f-622dbc9e162a","Tamunangue","An Afro-Venezuelan festive music and dance from Lara state performed in honor of San Antonio de Padua. It combines African-derived drumming, Spanish strings, and a suite of seven sones.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4503,"authorId":1557,"name":4504,"description":4505,"startYear":2641,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":4506,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4507,"instruments":4508,"aliases":4509,"sources":4510,"similarGenres":4511,"subGenres":4512,"parentGenres":4513,"contributors":4514},"90c62031-c854-4a2b-a45a-62a7a09b61f0","Bel Air","Martinican drum-and-dance tradition built on tanbou rhythms, call-and-response singing, and communal movement.","Linked to the legacy of slavery and Afro-Creole cultural survival; performance protocols are closely guarded by tradition bearers.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4516,"authorId":1557,"name":4517,"description":4518,"startYear":3350,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4519,"instruments":4520,"aliases":4521,"sources":4522,"similarGenres":4523,"subGenres":4524,"parentGenres":4525,"contributors":4526},"2aed2f2b-1720-4938-92fc-638f94d823e9","Kwassa Kwassa","A fast Congolese dance style and rhythm popularized by Kanda Bongo Man, characterized by rapid hip-swaying choreography and bright, looping soukous guitars. It became a signature of late-1980s African dance floors.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4528,"authorId":1557,"name":4529,"description":4530,"startYear":2641,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":4531,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4532,"instruments":4533,"aliases":4534,"sources":4535,"similarGenres":4536,"subGenres":4537,"parentGenres":4538,"contributors":4539},"3d0e0a7b-38cc-4b06-92ad-63ec7db95bcd","Tinku Music","Andean music tied to the Bolivian tinku ritual, marked by heavy percussion and communal chant.","Tied to Indigenous Andean ritual combat traditions; recordings and staged versions have raised concerns about decontextualization.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4541,"authorId":1557,"name":4542,"description":4543,"startYear":1991,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4544,"instruments":4545,"aliases":4546,"sources":4547,"similarGenres":4548,"subGenres":4549,"parentGenres":4550,"contributors":4551},"37dfb2f0-3dd4-466b-a7e4-641977f57da9","Makossa","Makossa is an urban popular music from Cameroon, rooted in Duala coastal traditions and shaped into its modern form in the 1970s by artists such as Manu Dibango. It features syncopated basslines, horn sections, highlife- and funk-influenced guitars, and a strong dance groove that influenced other African pop styles.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4553,"authorId":1557,"name":4554,"description":4555,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4556,"instruments":4557,"aliases":4558,"sources":4559,"similarGenres":4560,"subGenres":4561,"parentGenres":4562,"contributors":4563},"4014c4c9-e4ac-4d4b-a32f-64a1b81d0dfd","Starogradska Muzika","Balkan old-town song tradition with salon ensembles, romance, and urban nostalgia.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4565,"authorId":1557,"name":4566,"description":4567,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":4568,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4569,"instruments":4570,"aliases":4571,"sources":4572,"similarGenres":4573,"subGenres":4574,"parentGenres":4575,"contributors":4576},"0d570cb9-5364-4239-addc-650b817f814d","Ainu Music","Indigenous music of the Ainu people of Hokkaido and Sakhalin, including upopo round-songs, yukar epic chants, and the tonkori five-string zither. A vital revival movement now sustains this heritage.","Indigenous tradition historically suppressed by Japanese assimilation policies toward the Ainu.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4578,"authorId":1557,"name":4579,"description":4580,"startYear":2179,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4581,"instruments":4582,"aliases":4583,"sources":4584,"similarGenres":4585,"subGenres":4586,"parentGenres":4587,"contributors":4588},"ebdf1c82-37d4-41d3-996c-653ec4bb054c","Samba-Cancao","Song-oriented samba with slower tempos, romantic themes, and crooner-style interpretation.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4590,"authorId":1557,"name":4591,"description":4592,"startYear":2530,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4593,"instruments":4594,"aliases":4595,"sources":4596,"similarGenres":4597,"subGenres":4598,"parentGenres":4599,"contributors":4600},"8bf3374e-df99-4bb7-88c8-669b5c933a43","Reggaeton","Puerto Rican-rooted urbano built on dembow rhythm, rap-sung vocals, and club-facing production.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4602,"authorId":1557,"name":4603,"description":4604,"startYear":4605,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4606,"instruments":4607,"aliases":4608,"sources":4609,"similarGenres":4610,"subGenres":4611,"parentGenres":4612,"contributors":4613},"56dfc421-e785-472a-818b-672922cf5f87","Industrial","Industrial music emerged from conceptual art and electronic experimentation in the mid-1970s, pioneered by Throbbing Gristle and later Einstürzende Neubauten, using noise, tape manipulation, and confrontational imagery to interrogate society. It seeded EBM, power electronics, noise, and metal crossovers.",1976,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4615,"authorId":1557,"name":4616,"description":4617,"startYear":1764,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4618,"instruments":4619,"aliases":4620,"sources":4621,"similarGenres":4622,"subGenres":4623,"parentGenres":4624,"contributors":4625},"c874f9a2-2ea5-45d0-a480-67c1947da9d5","Power Metal","Power metal developed in the mid-1980s in Europe, combining heavy metal's guitar work with melodic, soaring vocal lines, fast tempos, and epic fantasy themes. Helloween, Blind Guardian, DragonForce, and Rhapsody defined a cheerful, bombastic alternative to extreme metal.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4627,"authorId":1557,"name":4628,"description":4629,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4630,"instruments":4631,"aliases":4632,"sources":4633,"similarGenres":4634,"subGenres":4635,"parentGenres":4636,"contributors":4637},"712608ba-47bc-441c-925a-67cf88471eb7","Tembang Macapat","A Javanese sung-poetry tradition using fixed metric verse forms, often performed solo or with small gamelan accompaniment. The lyrics convey philosophical, moral, and historical content in classical Javanese.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4639,"authorId":1557,"name":4640,"description":4641,"startYear":1991,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4642,"instruments":4643,"aliases":4644,"sources":4645,"similarGenres":4646,"subGenres":4647,"parentGenres":4648,"contributors":4649},"c7f3fb75-f92a-4e7b-a4f0-681614513fd9","Mutuashi","A traditional Luba dance rhythm from the Kasai region of the DR Congo, later electrified and incorporated into Congolese popular music. It features hip-driven grooves and call-and-response vocals.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4651,"authorId":1557,"name":4652,"description":4653,"startYear":4654,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4655,"instruments":4656,"aliases":4657,"sources":4658,"similarGenres":4659,"subGenres":4660,"parentGenres":4661,"contributors":4662},"55db50ec-bfb4-4e73-943b-68fe711e7508","Soleares","Foundational flamenco palo with grave mood, 12-beat compas, and expressive cante.",1840,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4664,"authorId":1557,"name":4665,"description":4666,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4667,"instruments":4668,"aliases":4669,"sources":4670,"similarGenres":4671,"subGenres":4672,"parentGenres":4673,"contributors":4674},"1a38d280-decc-445c-bfef-693582e01f16","Tamburitza","String-band tradition of Croatia, Serbia, and surrounding regions centered on the tamburica family of plucked instruments. Performed at weddings, festivals, and by diaspora orchestras in the Americas.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4676,"authorId":1557,"name":4677,"description":4678,"startYear":4679,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4680,"instruments":4681,"aliases":4682,"sources":4683,"similarGenres":4684,"subGenres":4685,"parentGenres":4686,"contributors":4687},"de5cc864-de8b-4555-be82-6a9e46e5fdcc","Sgija","Sgija is a South African dance music style that emerged from the broader gqom and amapiano scenes in townships such as those in KwaZulu-Natal and Gauteng in the late 2010s. It is characterised by stripped-down, percussive grooves, log-drum basslines, chanted vocals, and a focus on dance-floor energy. The name also refers to the associated footwork dance style.",2020,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4689,"authorId":1557,"name":4690,"description":4691,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":4692,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4693,"instruments":4694,"aliases":4695,"sources":4696,"similarGenres":4697,"subGenres":4698,"parentGenres":4699,"contributors":4700},"ee4d5914-57ee-4b66-ace1-6aa07c95c684","Zar","A ritual healing music practiced in Egypt, Sudan, Ethiopia, and parts of the Gulf to appease possessing spirits. Polyrhythmic drumming, chant, and incense accompany trance-inducing ceremonies led predominantly by women.","Zar is a sacred healing ritual; recording and secular performance can be contested by practicing communities.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4702,"authorId":1557,"name":4703,"description":4704,"startYear":4705,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4706,"instruments":4707,"aliases":4708,"sources":4709,"similarGenres":4710,"subGenres":4711,"parentGenres":4712,"contributors":4713},"906b3c55-e9a4-487e-9cd7-6aa1709ee00a","Kunqu","One of the oldest Chinese operatic forms, originating in the Kunshan region, characterized by refined poetic libretti and a delicate, flowing vocal style accompanied by the dizi flute. UNESCO recognizes it as an intangible cultural heritage.",1550,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4715,"authorId":1557,"name":4716,"description":4717,"startYear":1928,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4718,"instruments":4719,"aliases":4720,"sources":4721,"similarGenres":4722,"subGenres":4723,"parentGenres":4724,"contributors":4725},"e9e787d5-2ea7-47e0-be81-6b20c577205d","Iberian Traditions","Iberian traditions encompass the folk musics of Spain and Portugal, including regional styles such as Galician and Asturian gaita (bagpipe) music, Basque trikitixa, Castilian jota, Catalan sardana, Portuguese fado, and the pandeireta song traditions of the northwest. Instruments vary regionally but commonly include bagpipes, frame drums, accordion, and plucked strings like the guitarra and bandurria. These traditions have seen sustained revival movements since the late 20th century.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4727,"authorId":1557,"name":4728,"description":4729,"startYear":1928,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4730,"instruments":4731,"aliases":4732,"sources":4733,"similarGenres":4734,"subGenres":4735,"parentGenres":4736,"contributors":4737},"c6d1cc02-7347-4bd7-bad6-6be543d3648a","Folk","Folk music encompasses the traditional acoustic musical traditions of communities, transmitted orally across generations. The US folk revival of the 1950s–60s — Pete Seeger, Woody Guthrie, Bob Dylan — turned it into a vehicle for social protest; the UK tradition runs from Cecil Sharp through Fairport Convention to contemporary folk-rock.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4739,"authorId":1557,"name":4740,"description":4741,"startYear":1991,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4742,"instruments":4743,"aliases":4744,"sources":4745,"similarGenres":4746,"subGenres":4747,"parentGenres":4748,"contributors":4749},"94fd17ea-5666-4756-ac79-6c0eab1789b4","Waka Music","A Yoruba female-led Islamic popular song tradition from Nigeria, popularized by Batile Alake and especially Salawa Abeni. It uses talking drums, sakara drums, and devotional and social lyrics.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4751,"authorId":1557,"name":4752,"description":4753,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4754,"instruments":4755,"aliases":4756,"sources":4757,"similarGenres":4758,"subGenres":4759,"parentGenres":4760,"contributors":4761},"8215281f-048a-42a7-9577-6c50df8d71ea","Mongolian Long Song","A traditional Mongolian vocal genre characterized by extremely extended, ornamented vowels sung over slow tempos, typically accompanied by the morin khuur horse-head fiddle. It evokes steppe landscapes and pastoral life.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4763,"authorId":1557,"name":4764,"description":4765,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":4766,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4767,"instruments":4768,"aliases":4769,"sources":4770,"similarGenres":4771,"subGenres":4772,"parentGenres":4773,"contributors":4774},"76624b74-1286-467a-b129-6cb38c385715","Punta","A lively Garifuna music and dance characterized by rapid hip movement, call-and-response singing in Garifuna language, and driving drumming on primero and segunda drums. It is performed at wakes, celebrations, and community gatherings along the Caribbean coast of Central America.","Punta is a core cultural expression of the Garifuna people, whose music and identity have faced historical marginalization.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4776,"authorId":1557,"name":4777,"description":4778,"startYear":3250,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4779,"instruments":4780,"aliases":4781,"sources":4782,"similarGenres":4783,"subGenres":4784,"parentGenres":4785,"contributors":4786},"14ea96ff-c174-4d7b-80c9-6dd037d01bad","Post-Rock","Post-rock uses rock instruments — guitars, bass, drums — to create largely instrumental music organised around texture, dynamics, and slow-build crescendos rather than songs and solos. Bark Psychosis, Slint, Mogwai, and Godspeed You! Black Emperor are its canonical acts.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4788,"authorId":1557,"name":4789,"description":4790,"startYear":1991,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4791,"instruments":4792,"aliases":4793,"sources":4794,"similarGenres":4795,"subGenres":4796,"parentGenres":4797,"contributors":4798},"1ebdfec5-2a50-417e-9308-6e8b04360bff","Highlife-Jazz","A Ghanaian and Nigerian fusion of highlife's horn-driven dance grooves with modal and improvisational jazz, pioneered by figures like Fela Kuti in his pre-Afrobeat phase and E.T. Mensah's arrangers. It paved the way for Afrobeat and Afro-fusion.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4800,"authorId":1557,"name":4801,"description":4802,"startYear":1865,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4803,"instruments":4804,"aliases":4805,"sources":4806,"similarGenres":4807,"subGenres":4808,"parentGenres":4809,"contributors":4810},"f42db34e-50e0-408f-9453-6f3748731b5e","UK Soul","UK soul describes British artists recording soul, R&B, and jazz-influenced pop from the mid-1980s onwards — from Sade and Soul II Soul's international breakthrough to Amy Winehouse and Adele. It blends American soul traditions with understated British sensibility.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4812,"authorId":1557,"name":4813,"description":4814,"startYear":2790,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4815,"instruments":4816,"aliases":4817,"sources":4818,"similarGenres":4819,"subGenres":4820,"parentGenres":4821,"contributors":4822},"628c0db6-cadb-4b4f-80e2-6fbbc00b3f8f","Gothic Rock","Gothic rock grew from post-punk in the late 1970s UK, adopting darker aesthetics — minor-key basslines, atmospheric guitar, operatic vocals, and morbid themes. Bauhaus, Siouxsie and the Banshees, and Sisters of Mercy created the foundation of goth subculture.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4824,"authorId":1557,"name":4825,"description":4826,"startYear":3337,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4827,"instruments":4828,"aliases":4829,"sources":4830,"similarGenres":4831,"subGenres":4832,"parentGenres":4833,"contributors":4834},"e76e5b41-e45d-4dda-849c-709d662cd9b8","Future Garage","Future garage revived UK garage's shuffled rhythms around 2008 with spacious, atmospheric production, pitched vocal chops, and deep sub-bass. Burial's influence — particularly Untrue — defined the genre's melancholic, introspective character.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4836,"authorId":1557,"name":4837,"description":4838,"startYear":4839,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4840,"instruments":4841,"aliases":4842,"sources":4843,"similarGenres":4844,"subGenres":4845,"parentGenres":4846,"contributors":4847},"ff5f7e6a-6c8f-47a6-988f-7290045f4833","Anadolu Rock","Turkish rock that fuses Anatolian folk melodies and saz textures with psychedelic and hard rock sounds.",1966,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4849,"authorId":1557,"name":4850,"description":4851,"startYear":1560,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4852,"instruments":4853,"aliases":4854,"sources":4855,"similarGenres":4856,"subGenres":4857,"parentGenres":4858,"contributors":4859},"79ef3da0-fb70-4e93-acad-73bbb46c9cb4","UK Bass","UK bass is an umbrella for bass-heavy UK electronic music from the 2010s that defies sub-genre classification — blending footwork, grime instrumentals, and experimental club tracks. Labels such as Hyperdub, Hessle Audio, and Night Slugs were its institutional centres.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4861,"authorId":1557,"name":4862,"description":4863,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4864,"instruments":4865,"aliases":4866,"sources":4867,"similarGenres":4868,"subGenres":4869,"parentGenres":4870,"contributors":4871},"7605f30e-c41e-4c40-8c64-73c1846d2f20","Cantigas de Amigo","Medieval Galician-Portuguese lyric songs voiced from a female perspective, often tied to courtly tradition.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4873,"authorId":1557,"name":4874,"description":4875,"startYear":2641,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4876,"instruments":4877,"aliases":4878,"sources":4879,"similarGenres":4880,"subGenres":4881,"parentGenres":4882,"contributors":4883},"fd66a20d-a89a-4f9c-a7eb-73dd0e7e5d11","Jota","A widespread Spanish folk dance-song in triple meter, varying by region from the vigorous Aragonese style to slower Valencian and Castilian forms. It is typically accompanied by guitars, bandurrias, and castanets.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4885,"authorId":1557,"name":4886,"description":4887,"startYear":3337,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4888,"instruments":4889,"aliases":4890,"sources":4891,"similarGenres":4892,"subGenres":4893,"parentGenres":4894,"contributors":4895},"19a25190-88d8-484e-abb8-73e299228504","Tribal Guarachero","A Mexican electronic dance genre that emerged from Monterrey, fusing cumbia, pre-Hispanic samples, and tribal house beats at around 130 BPM. It became associated with youth street dance and cowboy-boot subcultures.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4897,"authorId":1557,"name":4898,"description":4899,"startYear":3877,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4900,"instruments":4901,"aliases":4902,"sources":4903,"similarGenres":4904,"subGenres":4905,"parentGenres":4906,"contributors":4907},"60b39806-0280-409a-864b-74a820725ad3","Shoegaze","Shoegaze emerged from UK alternative rock in the late 1980s, defined by densely layered guitars with heavy tremolo, walls of distortion, and often buried vocals. My Bloody Valentine's Loveless (1991) is its benchmark, while Ride, Slowdive, and Lush defined the surrounding scene.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4909,"authorId":1557,"name":4910,"description":4911,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4912,"instruments":4913,"aliases":4914,"sources":4915,"similarGenres":4916,"subGenres":4917,"parentGenres":4918,"contributors":4919},"7a262f58-7b4b-44b2-9e2c-756d27ced753","Nha Nhac","Vietnamese imperial court music using ceremonial ensembles, formal repertory, and ritual prestige.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4921,"authorId":1557,"name":4922,"description":4923,"startYear":2925,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4924,"instruments":4925,"aliases":4926,"sources":4927,"similarGenres":4928,"subGenres":4929,"parentGenres":4930,"contributors":4931},"b9643c82-b990-4617-9669-75fa8a3748db","Blues Rock","Blues rock fused American blues guitar forms with rock instrumentation and energy, pioneered in the UK by the Rolling Stones and Yardbirds and in the US by Jimi Hendrix and ZZ Top. It bridged traditional blues and hard rock and gave rise to heavy metal.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4933,"authorId":1557,"name":4934,"description":4935,"startYear":2326,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4936,"instruments":4937,"aliases":4938,"sources":4939,"similarGenres":4940,"subGenres":4941,"parentGenres":4942,"contributors":4943},"1c032650-a6cc-4fea-a57c-7619579eb0d5","Americana","Americana is a contemporary US roots genre drawing on country, folk, blues, and rock traditions with a focus on songwriting and authenticity. Wilco, Ryan Adams, and the Americana Music Association formalised it in the late 1990s as a distinct alternative to mainstream country.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4945,"authorId":1557,"name":4946,"description":4947,"startYear":1600,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4948,"instruments":4949,"aliases":4950,"sources":4951,"similarGenres":4952,"subGenres":4953,"parentGenres":4954,"contributors":4955},"3289b66e-cc68-4bb8-b156-762aca9879f9","Semba","A popular Angolan dance music considered a forerunner of samba and kizomba, featuring syncopated guitar lines and playful, often satirical Portuguese lyrics. It remains central to Angolan identity and nightlife.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4957,"authorId":1557,"name":4958,"description":4959,"startYear":2029,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4960,"instruments":4961,"aliases":4962,"sources":4963,"similarGenres":4964,"subGenres":4965,"parentGenres":4966,"contributors":4967},"17010c5f-4e24-4c8f-b5ad-763353d32c15","Yueju","A major Chinese opera genre originating in the Shengxian area of Zhejiang province and closely associated with Shanghai, distinguished by its lyrical, melodious vocal style and a long tradition of all-female or predominantly female performance companies. Drawing on Shaoxing regional folk-song traditions, Yueju is noted for its delicate emotional delivery and romantic or domestic storylines. It became one of China's most widely loved opera forms during the twentieth century through radio broadcasts, film adaptations, and touring ensembles.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4969,"authorId":1557,"name":4970,"description":4971,"startYear":3250,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4972,"instruments":4973,"aliases":4974,"sources":4975,"similarGenres":4976,"subGenres":4977,"parentGenres":4978,"contributors":4979},"516785e4-e296-4c32-a178-772222f66f8b","Boom Bap","Hip-hop style centered on hard kick-snare patterns, chopped samples, and direct lyrical delivery.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4981,"authorId":1557,"name":4982,"description":4983,"startYear":3400,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":4984,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4985,"instruments":4986,"aliases":4987,"sources":4988,"similarGenres":4989,"subGenres":4990,"parentGenres":4991,"contributors":4992},"b66cbc57-6e21-4537-a90c-7751671e2e7c","Flamenco","Andalusian art music of cante, guitar, and dance, shaped by compas, duende, and deep vocal expression.","Flamenco's Romani (Gitano) origins are sometimes downplayed in broader Spanish national branding, and questions of cultural ownership persist.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":4994,"authorId":1557,"name":4995,"description":4996,"startYear":4997,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":4998,"instruments":4999,"aliases":5000,"sources":5001,"similarGenres":5002,"subGenres":5003,"parentGenres":5004,"contributors":5005},"3fbaaea4-ec8e-483e-a2f9-775ba96cff77","Polka","Fast duple-meter dance that emerged in 1830s Bohemia and spread across Europe and the Americas. Central to Czech, Polish, and diaspora communities, with distinctive variants in Mexico and the US Midwest.",1830,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5007,"authorId":1557,"name":5008,"description":5009,"startYear":1891,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5010,"instruments":5011,"aliases":5012,"sources":5013,"similarGenres":5014,"subGenres":5015,"parentGenres":5016,"contributors":5017},"bf519b2f-093e-438a-8d49-77b0a92f2af7","Eurodance","Eurodance dominated European pop charts in the early 1990s with hooky synthesiser riffs, female sung choruses, male rap verses, and hard-hitting beats at 130–160 BPM. Acts like Ace of Base, 2 Unlimited, Snap!, and Haddaway sold tens of millions of records globally.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5019,"authorId":1557,"name":5020,"description":5021,"startYear":2555,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5022,"instruments":5023,"aliases":5024,"sources":5025,"similarGenres":5026,"subGenres":5027,"parentGenres":5028,"contributors":5029},"94f9f980-7730-463c-a989-77dd5ddfb692","Huayno","An Andean genre of pre-Columbian origin popular among Quechua and Aymara peoples in Peru, Bolivia and surrounding highlands. It features paired-note melodies on quena and charango over a distinctive duple-triple rhythm.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5031,"authorId":1557,"name":5032,"description":5033,"startYear":1865,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5034,"instruments":5035,"aliases":5036,"sources":5037,"similarGenres":5038,"subGenres":5039,"parentGenres":5040,"contributors":5041},"85df3ef4-4dcc-4956-90f9-77e64558b4e3","Visual Kei","Visual kei is a Japanese music movement combining theatrical performances and elaborate costumes with hard rock, glam, and gothic aesthetics. X Japan, BUCK-TICK, Dir en grey, and the GazettE are defining acts; it became a major cultural export in the 2000s via anime and online fandom.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5043,"authorId":1557,"name":5044,"description":5045,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5046,"instruments":5047,"aliases":5048,"sources":5049,"similarGenres":5050,"subGenres":5051,"parentGenres":5052,"contributors":5053},"591ce178-2f4b-48b7-b7ea-789f99b46617","Nyatiti Music","A Luo tradition from western Kenya centered on the nyatiti, an eight-stringed lyre played by a seated singer who narrates stories and social commentary. Artists like Ayub Ogada brought the sound to international audiences.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5055,"authorId":1557,"name":5056,"description":5057,"startYear":1815,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5058,"instruments":5059,"aliases":5060,"sources":5061,"similarGenres":5062,"subGenres":5063,"parentGenres":5064,"contributors":5065},"f2cc5aea-3063-4383-aa7a-78d8c44ef349","Sertanejo","Brazilian country-pop tradition evolving from rural roots into modern duets and arena ballads.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5067,"authorId":1557,"name":5068,"description":5069,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5070,"instruments":5071,"aliases":5072,"sources":5073,"similarGenres":5074,"subGenres":5075,"parentGenres":5076,"contributors":5077},"df1b9c0e-1863-4a15-b047-79094c27d94f","Chowtal","Indo-Caribbean devotional singing for Holi, performed by choruses with dholak, tassa, and hand percussion.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5079,"authorId":1557,"name":5080,"description":5081,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5082,"instruments":5083,"aliases":5084,"sources":5085,"similarGenres":5086,"subGenres":5087,"parentGenres":5088,"contributors":5089},"9e27e2c1-1114-49a6-9626-790e5636b4fd","Duduk Music","Armenian art-folk tradition centered on the duduk, a double-reed apricot-wood pipe with a hauntingly mellow tone. Typically performed in pairs with one player holding a drone, playing laments and dance tunes.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5091,"authorId":1557,"name":5092,"description":5093,"startYear":1828,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5094,"instruments":5095,"aliases":5096,"sources":5097,"similarGenres":5098,"subGenres":5099,"parentGenres":5100,"contributors":5101},"65f03910-44bc-47bc-9968-7910448cd9d7","Kuduro","A fast, aggressive Angolan electronic dance music combining semba, house, and techno with shouted vocals. It emerged from Luanda nightclubs and developed a vibrant diaspora scene in Lisbon.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5103,"authorId":1557,"name":5104,"description":5105,"startYear":5106,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5107,"instruments":5108,"aliases":5109,"sources":5110,"similarGenres":5111,"subGenres":5112,"parentGenres":5113,"contributors":5114},"7080ae49-eaca-4dec-b27a-79880868dc37","Cuarteto","Cordoba dance music driven by piano or accordion, steady pulse, and big party choruses.",1943,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5116,"authorId":1557,"name":5117,"description":5118,"startYear":2078,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5119,"instruments":5120,"aliases":5121,"sources":5122,"similarGenres":5123,"subGenres":5124,"parentGenres":5125,"contributors":5126},"cfdef213-5788-46c6-9dbd-79bbd06f5264","Rabindra Sangeet","Songs composed by Rabindranath Tagore, fusing Hindustani classical, Bengali folk, and Western melodic ideas. A cornerstone of Bengali cultural identity, performed as solo art songs.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5128,"authorId":1557,"name":5129,"description":5130,"startYear":3236,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5131,"instruments":5132,"aliases":5133,"sources":5134,"similarGenres":5135,"subGenres":5136,"parentGenres":5137,"contributors":5138},"8308d572-8d99-4394-b5b6-79fde08a6d1b","Verbunkos","Hungarian dance-music style that emerged in the late 18th century from army-recruiting dances, later influencing Liszt and Brahms. Features dotted rhythms, virtuosic violin, and rhapsodic structure.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5140,"authorId":1557,"name":5141,"description":5142,"startYear":2029,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5143,"instruments":5144,"aliases":5145,"sources":5146,"similarGenres":5147,"subGenres":5148,"parentGenres":5149,"contributors":5150},"f5e5445a-c4bb-4bbb-8f05-7ab7f6f5e0ec","Jazz","Jazz emerged in New Orleans around the turn of the 20th century from African-American blues, ragtime, gospel, and European harmonics. Its emphasis on improvisation, swing feel, and collective interplay made it one of the most intellectually rich and globally influential music forms of the century, spawning bebop, fusion, free jazz, and dozens of regional variants.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5152,"authorId":1557,"name":5153,"description":5154,"startYear":1878,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5155,"instruments":5156,"aliases":5157,"sources":5158,"similarGenres":5159,"subGenres":5160,"parentGenres":5161,"contributors":5162},"08aa5c91-5bb9-499a-8b67-7ac2dc6683af","Chicha (Andean Cumbia)","Peruvian cumbia variant mixing Andean melodies, electric guitar riffs, and tropical dance rhythms.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5164,"authorId":1557,"name":5165,"description":5166,"startYear":1978,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5167,"instruments":5168,"aliases":5169,"sources":5170,"similarGenres":5171,"subGenres":5172,"parentGenres":5173,"contributors":5174},"64ef0743-de34-4272-987d-7b171a3d5714","Sierreno","Northern Mexican sirreno style using guitars and bass for corridos, rancheras, and intimate storytelling.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5176,"authorId":1557,"name":5177,"description":5178,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5179,"instruments":5180,"aliases":5181,"sources":5182,"similarGenres":5183,"subGenres":5184,"parentGenres":5185,"contributors":5186},"07c25faf-7a45-4b0f-860d-7be67d5a3bb8","Afrobeat","Afrobeat was developed in Nigeria in the late 1960s and 70s by Fela Kuti and drummer Tony Allen, fusing Yoruba rhythms, highlife, jazz, and funk into long, politically charged pieces. It is defined by interlocking percussion, call-and-response vocals, and extended horn-driven grooves.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5188,"authorId":1557,"name":5189,"description":5190,"startYear":1702,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":5191,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5192,"instruments":5193,"aliases":5194,"sources":5195,"similarGenres":5196,"subGenres":5197,"parentGenres":5198,"contributors":5199},"35f39ea9-42bf-4cf8-9f52-7c342e22cf28","Nueva Cancion Chilena","Chilean song movement linking folk instruments with socially engaged lyrics and collective identity.","Many artists were censored, exiled, or killed under the Pinochet dictatorship.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5201,"authorId":1557,"name":5202,"description":5203,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5204,"instruments":5205,"aliases":5206,"sources":5207,"similarGenres":5208,"subGenres":5209,"parentGenres":5210,"contributors":5211},"e99d6be1-80a6-4ada-8aef-7c4da2fff0a0","Khap-Lam","A Lao traditional vocal genre encompassing the melodically improvised singing styles of northern Laos (khap) and the modal lyrical singing of the central and southern regions (lam), both typically accompanied by the khaen bamboo mouth organ and percussion. Performers engage in poetic dialogues, love duets, and narrative storytelling drawn from Buddhist tales and oral literature, with skilled singers expected to improvise verse within strict modal frameworks. Khap-Lam forms the core of Lao classical and folk vocal expression and is recognized as a central element of Lao cultural identity.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5213,"authorId":1557,"name":5214,"description":5215,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5216,"instruments":5217,"aliases":5218,"sources":5219,"similarGenres":5220,"subGenres":5221,"parentGenres":5222,"contributors":5223},"5c3f74aa-cdc8-4681-8135-7caeaaffbb01","Rasiya","A devotional folk song tradition of the Braj region of Uttar Pradesh, centered on the love between Radha and Krishna. It is sung in community gatherings, especially during Holi, with dholak, manjira, and harmonium.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5225,"authorId":5226,"name":5227,"description":5228,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5229,"instruments":5230,"aliases":5231,"sources":5232,"similarGenres":5233,"subGenres":5234,"parentGenres":5235,"contributors":5236},"16f0b975-9269-4f14-80ad-7d2bcdcc09b2","6a69cbee-d946-4ee6-9ab4-08dedb27321f","Kidandali","In the early 1990s, a new music genre afro ragga locally called Kidandali formed by Rasta Rob, Kid Fox, Ras Khan, Messe, Shanks Vivid, Menton Summer, Ragga Dee, Bebe Cool and Jose Chameleone Bobi Wine and Steve Jean - who would later produce their songs. In 1997, Emperor Orlandoh and Menton Summer were the darlings after their \"Sirikawo Baby\" song becoming a national hit.\n\nIn the year 1998, Red Banton rose to fame with his \"Noonya Money\" album. He became the first Ugandan artist to travel to UK on an Artist Visa.\n\nBecause of the effects of globalization, Uganda, like most African countries, has seen a growth in modern audio production. This has led to the adoption of western music styles like Dancehall and Hip Hop.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5238,"authorId":1557,"name":5239,"description":5240,"startYear":1928,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5241,"instruments":5242,"aliases":5243,"sources":5244,"similarGenres":5245,"subGenres":5246,"parentGenres":5247,"contributors":5248},"80e20c38-c8af-455c-8c40-7d9ae5a401b4","Siva Samoa","Siva Samoa refers to traditional Samoan dance music accompanying the graceful siva dance, performed at cultural gatherings and fa'alavelave. The music typically features group singing in Samoan, guitars and ukuleles, hand-clapping (pati), and slit-drum (pate) rhythms. It is central to Samoan cultural expression across the islands and diaspora communities.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5250,"authorId":1557,"name":5251,"description":5252,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5253,"instruments":5254,"aliases":5255,"sources":5256,"similarGenres":5257,"subGenres":5258,"parentGenres":5259,"contributors":5260},"4a5697a7-a2e1-4036-91c3-7da2ceba689e","Wayang Kulit Music","Accompaniment music for Javanese and Balinese shadow-puppet theatre, performed by a gamelan ensemble alongside a solo dalang narrator. The music signals mood shifts, character entrances, and battle scenes across night-long performances.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5262,"authorId":1557,"name":5263,"description":5264,"startYear":1991,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5265,"instruments":5266,"aliases":5267,"sources":5268,"similarGenres":5269,"subGenres":5270,"parentGenres":5271,"contributors":5272},"23cd8adb-e91d-4fa9-b2c1-7de1830603f0","MPB","Musica Popular Brasileira, a songwriter tradition blending samba, bossa nova, and modern harmony.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5274,"authorId":1557,"name":5275,"description":5276,"startYear":5277,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5278,"instruments":5279,"aliases":5280,"sources":5281,"similarGenres":5282,"subGenres":5283,"parentGenres":5284,"contributors":5285},"877a96f0-1b1c-4aa6-95de-7df668bc59ee","Vaporwave","Vaporwave emerged as an internet-native microgenre around 2011, slowing down, pitch-shifting, and chopping smooth jazz, elevator music, and 1980s–90s commercial pop into dreamlike, ironic soundscapes. Macintosh Plus's Floral Shoppe (2011) and later James Ferraro popularised it online.",2011,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5287,"authorId":1557,"name":5288,"description":5289,"startYear":5290,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5291,"instruments":5292,"aliases":5293,"sources":5294,"similarGenres":5295,"subGenres":5296,"parentGenres":5297,"contributors":5298},"0ca70e9b-d845-4e89-ab69-7e45f011ff01","Nueva Trova","Cuban songwriter tradition blending trova, poetry, and reflective guitar-led arrangements.",1967,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5300,"authorId":1557,"name":5301,"description":5302,"startYear":1878,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5303,"instruments":5304,"aliases":5305,"sources":5306,"similarGenres":5307,"subGenres":5308,"parentGenres":5309,"contributors":5310},"e37c57db-1303-4ed8-bce4-7e8cb7821276","Salsa","Afro-Latin dance music built from son, mambo, and Caribbean and New York band traditions.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5312,"authorId":1557,"name":5313,"description":5314,"startYear":2616,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5315,"instruments":5316,"aliases":5317,"sources":5318,"similarGenres":5319,"subGenres":5320,"parentGenres":5321,"contributors":5322},"27703dee-ebcc-451b-959b-7eec3f6d054d","Progressive House","Progressive house developed from house music in early-1990s UK, defined by long evolving structures, gradual filter sweeps, and atmospheric synthesiser layers. Sasha, John Digweed, and labels like Guerrilla and Platipus built its reputation as a sophisticated alternative to mainstream rave.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5324,"authorId":1557,"name":5325,"description":5326,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5327,"instruments":5328,"aliases":5329,"sources":5330,"similarGenres":5331,"subGenres":5332,"parentGenres":5333,"contributors":5334},"898a9cc6-7ca8-4fb8-971f-7f046eb49bcc","Pandeirada","A Galician and northern Portuguese folk music driven by the square frame drum (pandeiro\u002Fpandeireta) and female vocal groups. Characteristic syncopated patterns accompany circle dances at village festas.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5336,"authorId":1557,"name":5337,"description":5338,"startYear":1727,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5339,"instruments":5340,"aliases":5341,"sources":5342,"similarGenres":5343,"subGenres":5344,"parentGenres":5345,"contributors":5346},"c967259c-9263-49d3-accc-7f84b3dd1547","Maqom (Central Asia)","Central Asian classical tradition using modal suites, poetic texts, and courtly ensemble performance.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5348,"authorId":1557,"name":5349,"description":5350,"startYear":1600,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5351,"instruments":5352,"aliases":5353,"sources":5354,"similarGenres":5355,"subGenres":5356,"parentGenres":5357,"contributors":5358},"0450796c-773c-4f3c-bbde-7f8d36c7b894","Rumba Flamenca","A flamenco palo with Cuban rumba influence, featuring upbeat 4\u002F4 rhythms, palmas, and guitar strumming patterns. Popularized in Catalonia and Andalusia, it became a commercial gateway between flamenco and Latin pop.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5360,"authorId":1557,"name":5361,"description":5362,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":5363,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5364,"instruments":5365,"aliases":5366,"sources":5367,"similarGenres":5368,"subGenres":5369,"parentGenres":5370,"contributors":5371},"a1e5c8cf-fc69-4a9c-91de-80042d35b73b","Hat Chau Van","Vietnamese ritual music for spirit-medium ceremonies, using flexible ensemble backing and sung invocation.","Hat Chau Van is sacred ritual music used in spirit mediumship and is not primarily secular entertainment.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5373,"authorId":1557,"name":5374,"description":5375,"startYear":1928,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":5376,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5377,"instruments":5378,"aliases":5379,"sources":5380,"similarGenres":5381,"subGenres":5382,"parentGenres":5383,"contributors":5384},"2c79fe65-45f9-49be-907d-8081a1d542f5","Meke (Fiji)","Meke is a traditional Fijian performance genre combining chanted poetry, polyphonic singing, body percussion, and choreographed movement. Performed by groups seated or standing, it narrates legends, historical events, and community stories, and is central to ceremonial life in Fijian villages.","Many meke are owned by specific clans or composed for particular occasions, and performing them outside of their proper context can be considered culturally inappropriate.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5386,"authorId":1557,"name":5387,"description":5388,"startYear":1978,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5389,"instruments":5390,"aliases":5391,"sources":5392,"similarGenres":5393,"subGenres":5394,"parentGenres":5395,"contributors":5396},"e16c4830-625e-4895-9e40-80d847519d03","Pandza","A Mozambican popular dance music that modernized marrabenta with faster tempos, electronic production, and influences from kwaito and South African house. It is widely heard in Maputo nightlife.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5398,"authorId":1557,"name":5399,"description":5400,"startYear":1978,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5401,"instruments":5402,"aliases":5403,"sources":5404,"similarGenres":5405,"subGenres":5406,"parentGenres":5407,"contributors":5408},"8d0d80aa-04c4-4376-a227-80df58787d1c","Afrobeats","The 21st-century umbrella pop music of urban West Africa, especially Nigeria and Ghana, blending Afrobeat, hiplife, dancehall, and R&B with polished digital production. Stars like Wizkid, Burna Boy, and Davido have made it a global force.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5410,"authorId":1557,"name":5411,"description":5412,"startYear":2692,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5413,"instruments":5414,"aliases":5415,"sources":5416,"similarGenres":5417,"subGenres":5418,"parentGenres":5419,"contributors":5420},"1fb07b97-d240-4daa-8c95-81b5a095f342","Bikutsi","Cameroonian dance music known for rapid 6\u002F8 pulse, driving guitars, and powerful call-and-response vocals.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5422,"authorId":1557,"name":5423,"description":5424,"startYear":2029,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5425,"instruments":5426,"aliases":5427,"sources":5428,"similarGenres":5429,"subGenres":5430,"parentGenres":5431,"contributors":5432},"34390d2b-a312-4100-ba0f-822e6e72908a","Beja Music","The music of the Beja people of eastern Sudan and Egypt, featuring the basenkob lyre and tanbour alongside distinctive pentatonic vocal lines. It has influenced broader northeast African guitar styles.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5434,"authorId":1557,"name":5435,"description":5436,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5437,"instruments":5438,"aliases":5439,"sources":5440,"similarGenres":5441,"subGenres":5442,"parentGenres":5443,"contributors":5444},"87053bec-174e-4986-96c8-82b4e3c6cbd6","Afro-Manding","A modern West African style blending Mande griot traditions of Mali, Guinea, and Senegal with jazz, funk, and rock instrumentation. It foregrounds kora, ngoni, and balafon alongside electric band arrangements.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5446,"authorId":1557,"name":5447,"description":5448,"startYear":1928,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5449,"instruments":5450,"aliases":5451,"sources":5452,"similarGenres":5453,"subGenres":5454,"parentGenres":5455,"contributors":5456},"b45c65e0-e213-4a32-a86a-82ce1c499707","Maracatu","Afro-Brazilian procession music from Pernambuco with alfaia drums, response singing, and royal pageantry.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5458,"authorId":1557,"name":5459,"description":5460,"startYear":3100,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5461,"instruments":5462,"aliases":5463,"sources":5464,"similarGenres":5465,"subGenres":5466,"parentGenres":5467,"contributors":5468},"7680a87c-3069-438e-98db-82f2c908ebda","Cocek","Balkan Romani dance music driven by brass, percussion, and asymmetrical rhythms with high energy.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5470,"authorId":1557,"name":5471,"description":5472,"startYear":1600,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5473,"instruments":5474,"aliases":5475,"sources":5476,"similarGenres":5477,"subGenres":5478,"parentGenres":5479,"contributors":5480},"ed5b3094-8733-4b06-8a8b-832127a822f7","Coladeira","Coladeira is a popular music genre from Cape Verde, closely related to and often contrasted with the slower morna. It has a lively duple-meter groove featuring acoustic guitar, cavaquinho, bass and percussion, with lyrics that are typically satirical, humorous or romantic.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5482,"authorId":1557,"name":5483,"description":5484,"startYear":5485,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":5486,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5487,"instruments":5488,"aliases":5489,"sources":5490,"similarGenres":5491,"subGenres":5492,"parentGenres":5493,"contributors":5494},"eb62adc4-cef8-4f55-8036-836c8b046919","Nhac Vang","South Vietnamese popular song style known for sentimental lyrics and bolero-influenced melody.",1954,"The genre was censored in post-1975 Vietnam for its associations with the former South Vietnamese regime, and its politics of memory remain sensitive.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5496,"authorId":1557,"name":5497,"description":5498,"startYear":1689,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5499,"instruments":5500,"aliases":5501,"sources":5502,"similarGenres":5503,"subGenres":5504,"parentGenres":5505,"contributors":5506},"c46aa06a-8afb-4af1-8253-83a8110c33ef","OPM \u002F Pinoy Pop","OPM (Original Pilipino Music) is an umbrella term for Filipino popular music, with Pinoy Pop referring more specifically to mainstream pop recorded in Tagalog and English. The scene spans ballads, pop-rock, and idol-group pop influenced by K-pop, and anchors the Philippine mainstream industry.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5508,"authorId":1557,"name":5509,"description":5510,"startYear":2029,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5511,"instruments":5512,"aliases":5513,"sources":5514,"similarGenres":5515,"subGenres":5516,"parentGenres":5517,"contributors":5518},"29288861-f155-4817-84f0-852218d5af55","Mor Lam","Mor lam is a Lao and northeastern Thai (Isan) vocal tradition built around fast syllabic singing over the khaen free-reed mouth organ, with pentatonic melodies and improvised poetic lyrics. Modern electrified versions add drums, bass, and synthesizers, and the genre remains central to Isan popular culture.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5520,"authorId":1557,"name":5521,"description":5522,"startYear":2426,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5523,"instruments":5524,"aliases":5525,"sources":5526,"similarGenres":5527,"subGenres":5528,"parentGenres":5529,"contributors":5530},"cf0e11f4-5d7d-495d-9ac3-85f3f29770e0","Two-Step Garage","Two-step is the pop-crossover arm of UK garage, defined by a syncopated kick pattern, pitched-up diva vocals, and romantic themes. Craig David, Artful Dodger, and Oxide & Neutrino gave it mainstream chart success around 1999–2001.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5532,"authorId":1557,"name":5533,"description":5534,"startYear":2165,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5535,"instruments":5536,"aliases":5537,"sources":5538,"similarGenres":5539,"subGenres":5540,"parentGenres":5541,"contributors":5542},"23ae9463-eb57-44af-b79c-85f5a0034b41","Alha","A Bundeli epic ballad tradition from central north India recounting the heroic deeds of the 12th-century warriors Alha and Udal. It is sung with dholak in a vigorous, declamatory style, especially during the monsoon season.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5544,"authorId":1557,"name":5545,"description":5546,"startYear":1991,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5547,"instruments":5548,"aliases":5549,"sources":5550,"similarGenres":5551,"subGenres":5552,"parentGenres":5553,"contributors":5554},"ebf7d41c-f6b7-4cea-863a-85f8465f9f7e","Ethio-Jazz","A distinctive Ethiopian fusion pioneered by Mulatu Astatke, blending Amharic pentatonic modes with Afro-Cuban, jazz, funk, and soul. Its smoky, dramatic sound defined Addis Ababa's golden age nightlife.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5556,"authorId":1557,"name":5557,"description":5558,"startYear":2692,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5559,"instruments":5560,"aliases":5561,"sources":5562,"similarGenres":5563,"subGenres":5564,"parentGenres":5565,"contributors":5566},"16649da8-c550-4d93-9814-8632375267fb","Indian Film Music","Indian cinema music blending classical, folk, and global pop styles for narrative song sequences.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5568,"authorId":1557,"name":5569,"description":5570,"startYear":1702,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5571,"instruments":5572,"aliases":5573,"sources":5574,"similarGenres":5575,"subGenres":5576,"parentGenres":5577,"contributors":5578},"124af2dc-a046-445c-b5c1-86a3b5f1e445","Funk","Funk is an African American popular music that coalesced in the mid-1960s through James Brown's emphasis on the downbeat, syncopated basslines, and tight horn sections. It favors groove and rhythmic interlock over chord progression, and became the foundation for later genres including disco, hip hop, and electro. Key figures include Sly and the Family Stone, Parliament-Funkadelic, and Prince.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5580,"authorId":1557,"name":5581,"description":5582,"startYear":2790,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5583,"instruments":5584,"aliases":5585,"sources":5586,"similarGenres":5587,"subGenres":5588,"parentGenres":5589,"contributors":5590},"9158967a-bddd-4d2d-a2ce-879bed2f88cb","2 Tone","2 Tone was a late-1970s UK movement centred on The Specials' Coventry label, fusing ska and rocksteady with punk energy. The Specials, Madness, and Selecter paired anti-racist messaging with irresistibly danceable music, and the movement remains one of Britain's most politically significant pop moments.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5592,"authorId":1557,"name":5593,"description":5594,"startYear":3877,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5595,"instruments":5596,"aliases":5597,"sources":5598,"similarGenres":5599,"subGenres":5600,"parentGenres":5601,"contributors":5602},"1a21de7f-be25-469d-8348-88fcd02f1f29","Madchester","Madchester was a late-1980s Manchester scene fusing indie guitars with the energy of acid house, producing a euphoric, baggy groove. The Hacienda club was its crucible; the Happy Mondays, Stone Roses, and 808 State were its principal acts.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5604,"authorId":1557,"name":5605,"description":5606,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5607,"instruments":5608,"aliases":5609,"sources":5610,"similarGenres":5611,"subGenres":5612,"parentGenres":5613,"contributors":5614},"a7092997-6809-4242-92be-8a394a3bd206","Bongo Fleva Singeli Fusion","A Tanzanian hybrid genre that grafts the melodic Swahili hip-hop and R&B of Bongo Flava onto the hyper-kinetic beats of Singeli, a street music from Dar es Salaam's Chanika neighbourhood with tempos frequently exceeding 300 BPM. Vocals retain the narrative delivery and melodic hooks of mainstream Bongo Flava while riding Singeli's dense, rapid percussion and distorted synthesizer basslines. The fusion bridges Tanzania's commercial urban pop with its underground street sound.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5616,"authorId":1557,"name":5617,"description":5618,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":5619,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5620,"instruments":5621,"aliases":5622,"sources":5623,"similarGenres":5624,"subGenres":5625,"parentGenres":5626,"contributors":5627},"070cb849-4c0e-4e1e-9176-8b21a6b201ee","Uyghur Muqam","A large-scale suite tradition of the Uyghur people combining instrumental pieces, sung poetry, and dance sections, most famously the Twelve Muqam of Xinjiang. UNESCO inscribed it in 2005 as intangible heritage.","Uyghur cultural practices in China face documented political restriction, making performance and preservation contested.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5629,"authorId":1557,"name":5630,"description":5631,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5632,"instruments":5633,"aliases":5634,"sources":5635,"similarGenres":5636,"subGenres":5637,"parentGenres":5638,"contributors":5639},"29f33384-c3f9-4f84-94d5-8b7e04795795","Jaranan","An East Javanese trance dance music accompanying hobby-horse performances, featuring gamelan percussion and shawm-like selompret. Performances often culminate in ritual possession and acts of invulnerability.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5641,"authorId":1557,"name":5642,"description":5643,"startYear":3877,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5644,"instruments":5645,"aliases":5646,"sources":5647,"similarGenres":5648,"subGenres":5649,"parentGenres":5650,"contributors":5651},"1e4889c4-05b4-4223-b8e4-8ba8ddb53674","Acid Jazz","Acid jazz emerged in late-1980s London clubs, fusing jazz harmony and instrumentation with funk grooves, hip-hop sampling, and club culture. The Acid Jazz Records label, Jamiroquai, Brand New Heavies, and Incognito were its commercial face.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5653,"authorId":1557,"name":5654,"description":5655,"startYear":5656,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5657,"instruments":5658,"aliases":5659,"sources":5660,"similarGenres":5661,"subGenres":5662,"parentGenres":5663,"contributors":5664},"bc327378-28db-4ef3-a7c1-8bb0628ca85b","Gamelan Gong Kebyar","An explosive, virtuosic style of Balinese gamelan characterized by sudden dynamic shifts, rapid interlocking patterns, and bright metallic timbres. It emerged in north Bali in the early 20th century and became the dominant modern Balinese ensemble style.",1915,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5666,"authorId":1557,"name":5667,"description":5668,"startYear":1575,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5669,"instruments":5670,"aliases":5671,"sources":5672,"similarGenres":5673,"subGenres":5674,"parentGenres":5675,"contributors":5676},"5f5f2f5a-2739-427c-b3cc-8c5c100fc29f","Zouk","Zouk is a fast, syncopated dance music created in the early 1980s by the French Antillean group Kassav' in Guadeloupe and Martinique, drawing on cadence-lypso, compas, and biguine. It is characterized by electronic drum programming, prominent bass, and Antillean Creole lyrics, and has since branched into slower romantic variants like zouk love.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5678,"authorId":1557,"name":5679,"description":5680,"startYear":1928,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5681,"instruments":5682,"aliases":5683,"sources":5684,"similarGenres":5685,"subGenres":5686,"parentGenres":5687,"contributors":5688},"ab70c689-d46a-4942-b0e0-8c8b744d6aef","Tau'olunga (Tonga)","Tau'olunga is a traditional Tongan solo dance accompanied by sung poetry and percussion, often performed by a young woman at weddings, birthdays, and formal celebrations. The accompanying music features group singing in Tongan, guitars, ukuleles, and a wooden slit-drum (lali or nafa), with graceful, largely stationary arm and hand movements carrying the dance. It remains a central expression of Tongan identity across the islands and diaspora.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5690,"authorId":1557,"name":5691,"description":5692,"startYear":1689,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5693,"instruments":5694,"aliases":5695,"sources":5696,"similarGenres":5697,"subGenres":5698,"parentGenres":5699,"contributors":5700},"78a093f6-c384-490d-80cc-8c974df5c39d","Fuji","Fuji is a Yoruba popular music from southwestern Nigeria developed by Sikiru Ayinde Barrister in the 1970s, growing out of the Ramadan wake-up music ajisari\u002Fwere. It is percussion-driven, using talking drums, sakara and bata drums, and call-and-response vocals, without the guitars central to juju. Fuji is widely associated with Muslim Yoruba urban culture, particularly in Lagos and Ibadan.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5702,"authorId":1557,"name":5703,"description":5704,"startYear":3324,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5705,"instruments":5706,"aliases":5707,"sources":5708,"similarGenres":5709,"subGenres":5710,"parentGenres":5711,"contributors":5712},"3baea9d9-25c7-4006-8ed9-8d338de0eb7b","Batida","Lisbon club music merging kuduro, house, and Afro-diasporic rhythms with sharp digital percussion.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5714,"authorId":1557,"name":5715,"description":5716,"startYear":1575,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5717,"instruments":5718,"aliases":5719,"sources":5720,"similarGenres":5721,"subGenres":5722,"parentGenres":5723,"contributors":5724},"c1f375da-eb81-4f02-bbcd-8db00f59bf5d","Darkwave","Darkwave fused gothic rock's dark atmospherics with synthesiser textures and minimal electronic production, creating brooding, melancholic music. Clan of Xymox, Dead Can Dance, and This Mortal Coil were its key acts across UK and European scenes.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5726,"authorId":1557,"name":5727,"description":5728,"startYear":1928,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5729,"instruments":5730,"aliases":5731,"sources":5732,"similarGenres":5733,"subGenres":5734,"parentGenres":5735,"contributors":5736},"05f3437b-9069-45c3-98ec-8dc42306a938","Seguiriya","A deep, mournful flamenco palo considered one of the cante jondo forms, expressing sorrow and tragedy. Its complex meter alternates between 3\u002F4 and 6\u002F8, accompanied by somber guitar.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5738,"authorId":1557,"name":5739,"description":5740,"startYear":2179,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5741,"instruments":5742,"aliases":5743,"sources":5744,"similarGenres":5745,"subGenres":5746,"parentGenres":5747,"contributors":5748},"f1046446-2841-49bf-b4d7-8e29b7801ad0","Chamame","Northeastern Argentine dance music blending accordion, guitar, and Guarani-influenced melodic phrasing.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5750,"authorId":1557,"name":5751,"description":5752,"startYear":1764,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5753,"instruments":5754,"aliases":5755,"sources":5756,"similarGenres":5757,"subGenres":5758,"parentGenres":5759,"contributors":5760},"d3dc098f-a5be-4599-aada-8e671022a734","Garage (US Garage)","US garage, often called garage house, developed in the early 1980s at New York's Paradise Garage club under DJ Larry Levan. It is a soulful, vocal-led strain of house music emphasizing gospel-tinged singing, live-feel percussion, and warm keyboards. The sound shaped later New Jersey and deep house production and is distinct from the UK garage lineage.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5762,"authorId":1557,"name":5763,"description":5764,"startYear":5765,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5766,"instruments":5767,"aliases":5768,"sources":5769,"similarGenres":5770,"subGenres":5771,"parentGenres":5772,"contributors":5773},"9a48b198-6480-4e59-9300-8e93dc9e53ee","Yemeni Homayni","A sung poetic tradition from Yemen using colloquial Arabic verse accompanied by the qanbus lute. It has shaped both Sanaani art song and broader Gulf music traditions.",1400,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5775,"authorId":1557,"name":5776,"description":5777,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5778,"instruments":5779,"aliases":5780,"sources":5781,"similarGenres":5782,"subGenres":5783,"parentGenres":5784,"contributors":5785},"8b6a5406-7de5-4adb-a1f5-8f2a3b5ee4a9","Samri","A traditional Najdi and Gulf Arab sung-dance genre performed seated in two rows, accompanied by tar frame drums and handclaps. Its metered poetry and moderate tempo make it a staple of weddings across Saudi Arabia.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5787,"authorId":1557,"name":5788,"description":5789,"startYear":2616,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5790,"instruments":5791,"aliases":5792,"sources":5793,"similarGenres":5794,"subGenres":5795,"parentGenres":5796,"contributors":5797},"584f3315-6169-42f0-960a-90beeb331b62","Gabber","Gabber emerged in Rotterdam in the early 1990s as an extreme, high-tempo hardcore techno subgenre, with distorted bass drum kicks at 160–220 BPM and heavy synthesiser stabs. Rotterdam clubs and labels like Rotterdam Records created a distinct working-class rave culture.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5799,"authorId":1557,"name":5800,"description":5801,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5802,"instruments":5803,"aliases":5804,"sources":5805,"similarGenres":5806,"subGenres":5807,"parentGenres":5808,"contributors":5809},"0ff7ba63-cbdc-426e-aae5-9115c1ce24c7","Maringa Sierra Leonean","Sierra Leonean guitar-band dance music shaped by palm-wine and highlife influences.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5811,"authorId":1557,"name":5812,"description":5813,"startYear":2179,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5814,"instruments":5815,"aliases":5816,"sources":5817,"similarGenres":5818,"subGenres":5819,"parentGenres":5820,"contributors":5821},"04847eb0-7502-4976-9180-9165b2776d53","Samba-enredo","Samba-enredo is the narrative samba composed each year for Rio de Janeiro's escolas de samba to perform during Carnival parades. Lyrics tell the story of the school's chosen theme (enredo), while the bateria of hundreds of percussionists drives a relentless tempo designed for marching thousands of dancers. The form is competitive, with each school judged on song, performance, and visual spectacle.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5823,"authorId":1557,"name":5824,"description":5825,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5826,"instruments":5827,"aliases":5828,"sources":5829,"similarGenres":5830,"subGenres":5831,"parentGenres":5832,"contributors":5833},"115fed99-de6c-4d82-b242-91c1f8cedec3","Batuque","A percussion-led women's song and dance tradition of Santiago Island, Cape Verde, with West African roots and polyrhythms built on thigh-slapped cloth bundles (tchabeta). It has influenced modern Cape Verdean popular music.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5835,"authorId":1557,"name":5836,"description":5837,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5838,"instruments":5839,"aliases":5840,"sources":5841,"similarGenres":5842,"subGenres":5843,"parentGenres":5844,"contributors":5845},"821400ca-8460-47e3-b5c4-91f24111a6f3","Rondalya","A string-ensemble tradition of the Philippines featuring bandurria, laud, octavina, guitar, and bass, adapted from Spanish colonial rondalla. It remains central to school music programs and folk-dance accompaniment.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5847,"authorId":1557,"name":5848,"description":5849,"startYear":1815,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5850,"instruments":5851,"aliases":5852,"sources":5853,"similarGenres":5854,"subGenres":5855,"parentGenres":5856,"contributors":5857},"82ad0c5a-1d30-4f6b-b3dd-9285e7dd9a55","Highlife","Highlife is a West African popular music that emerged in Ghana in the early 20th century, fusing Akan melodic and rhythmic traditions with European brass-band and sea-shanty elements. It spans dance-band highlife, with jazz-influenced horn sections, and guitar-band highlife rooted in palm-wine guitar playing, and spread widely into Nigeria and beyond. Major figures include E.T. Mensah, Osibisa, and Nana Ampadu.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5859,"authorId":1557,"name":5860,"description":5861,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5862,"instruments":5863,"aliases":5864,"sources":5865,"similarGenres":5866,"subGenres":5867,"parentGenres":5868,"contributors":5869},"7bb24469-cd57-4c5d-a3bc-92af80657263","Meykhana","Azerbaijani folk-rap tradition of improvised rhymed verse delivered in rapid rhythmic speech, often as competitive duels. Roots in the Absheron peninsula, now popular as street and wedding entertainment.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5871,"authorId":1557,"name":5872,"description":5873,"startYear":4457,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5874,"instruments":5875,"aliases":5876,"sources":5877,"similarGenres":5878,"subGenres":5879,"parentGenres":5880,"contributors":5881},"bf56b31e-8ac7-4dbc-b5a3-92af8a58d700","Coupe-Decale","Ivorian club music built on rolling percussion, shouted hooks, and fast-moving dance trends.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5883,"authorId":1557,"name":5884,"description":5885,"startYear":1600,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5886,"instruments":5887,"aliases":5888,"sources":5889,"similarGenres":5890,"subGenres":5891,"parentGenres":5892,"contributors":5893},"107a5a2e-39f1-4cd6-be96-9389a35518fb","Enka","Japanese sentimental song style with dramatic vocals, ornamented melody, and nostalgic themes.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5895,"authorId":1557,"name":5896,"description":5897,"startYear":2029,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5898,"instruments":5899,"aliases":5900,"sources":5901,"similarGenres":5902,"subGenres":5903,"parentGenres":5904,"contributors":5905},"8b066dfb-f270-4a39-8525-93e9f612a316","Calypso","An Afro-Caribbean song tradition rooted in Trinidad, characterized by witty, topical lyrics often commenting on politics and social life. Calypsonians compete during Carnival season with calinda-rooted rhythms and French-Creole-derived melodies.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5907,"authorId":1557,"name":5908,"description":5909,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5910,"instruments":5911,"aliases":5912,"sources":5913,"similarGenres":5914,"subGenres":5915,"parentGenres":5916,"contributors":5917},"d4865b77-acf4-43c8-8d65-94325b4be654","Gamelan Semar Pegulingan","A refined courtly gamelan style from Bali traditionally played in royal sleeping quarters. It uses a seven-tone pelog scale and is known for its soft, sweet timbre compared to more bombastic gamelan styles.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5919,"authorId":1557,"name":5920,"description":5921,"startYear":1865,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5922,"instruments":5923,"aliases":5924,"sources":5925,"similarGenres":5926,"subGenres":5927,"parentGenres":5928,"contributors":5929},"9eda80fc-eb34-4f94-a8fb-945a8f568e38","Dream Pop","Dream pop evolved from post-punk and new wave in the mid-1980s UK, prioritising lush reverb-soaked guitars, introspective vocals, and atmospheric layering. Cocteau Twins and This Mortal Coil were its founding figures; Beach House and Mazzy Star carried the aesthetic into the 21st century.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5931,"authorId":1557,"name":5932,"description":5933,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":5934,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5935,"instruments":5936,"aliases":5937,"sources":5938,"similarGenres":5939,"subGenres":5940,"parentGenres":5941,"contributors":5942},"c4e24ad7-7c04-4704-8958-9463008d82da","Mbira Music","A Shona ceremonial music of Zimbabwe centered on the mbira dzavadzimu lamellophone, used to summon ancestral spirits in bira rituals. Interlocking polyrhythmic patterns support sung poetry and hosho gourd-rattle accompaniment.","The mbira is sacred to Shona ancestral ceremonies and its ritual use is not considered purely secular entertainment.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5944,"authorId":1557,"name":5945,"description":5946,"startYear":1891,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5947,"instruments":5948,"aliases":5949,"sources":5950,"similarGenres":5951,"subGenres":5952,"parentGenres":5953,"contributors":5954},"3daa50c1-65af-43e3-8c92-94bca2330859","Timba","Timba is a Cuban dance-music style that crystallised in Havana in the late 1980s and 1990s, evolving from son, songo, and Cuban salsa with heavy injections of funk, jazz harmony, and rumba. It features dense, aggressive horn arrangements, virtuoso bass and piano lines, layered percussion, and breakdowns (bloques) designed for high-energy dancing. Bands such as NG La Banda, Los Van Van, and Issac Delgado defined the genre.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5956,"authorId":1557,"name":5957,"description":5958,"startYear":2029,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5959,"instruments":5960,"aliases":5961,"sources":5962,"similarGenres":5963,"subGenres":5964,"parentGenres":5965,"contributors":5966},"47218562-560e-49ed-a2ed-94cdf360a7b1","Delta Blues","Delta blues is the foundational blues style from the Mississippi Delta region, characterised by raw vocals, slide guitar, and call-and-response forms. Robert Johnson, Charley Patton, and Son House are its iconic figures, and their recordings — many made in the 1930s — remain among the most influential in American music.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5968,"authorId":1557,"name":5969,"description":5970,"startYear":2179,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5971,"instruments":5972,"aliases":5973,"sources":5974,"similarGenres":5975,"subGenres":5976,"parentGenres":5977,"contributors":5978},"625a59dc-df2c-4a8f-8dba-94e774bba62f","Regional Mexicano","Umbrella for regional Mexican styles like banda, norteno, mariachi, corridos, and sirreno.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5980,"authorId":1557,"name":5981,"description":5982,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":5983,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5984,"instruments":5985,"aliases":5986,"sources":5987,"similarGenres":5988,"subGenres":5989,"parentGenres":5990,"contributors":5991},"bd3778d3-83b5-449a-8b78-951b48733836","Sega","A Creole music and dance tradition of the Mascarene Islands with African slave origins, driven by the ravanne frame drum, triangle, and maravanne shaker. Its 6\u002F8 lilt underpins modern Indian Ocean pop.","Sega originated among enslaved Africans and Malagasy in the Mascarenes and was historically suppressed by colonial authorities.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":5993,"authorId":1557,"name":5994,"description":5995,"startYear":2179,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":5996,"instruments":5997,"aliases":5998,"sources":5999,"similarGenres":6000,"subGenres":6001,"parentGenres":6002,"contributors":6003},"f8853506-c484-4e7e-9825-952df8a63d63","Sakara","A Yoruba Muslim popular music of southwestern Nigeria, featuring the sakara clay-pot drum, goje fiddle, and praise-singing vocals. It influenced apala and fuji and remains tied to Islamic social ceremonies.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6005,"authorId":1557,"name":6006,"description":6007,"startYear":6008,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":6009,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6010,"instruments":6011,"aliases":6012,"sources":6013,"similarGenres":6014,"subGenres":6015,"parentGenres":6016,"contributors":6017},"a1b00725-deec-4e1e-8fcb-9583f7635336","Qawwali","Qawwali is the devotional music of the Chishti Sufi order in South Asia, performed by a lead singer, chorus, harmonium, and tabla\u002Fdholak with vigorous handclapping. Texts in Urdu, Punjabi, Persian, and Hindavi praise God, the Prophet, and Sufi saints, and performances can extend into long ecstatic improvisations.",1300,"Qawwali is a living Sufi devotional practice; decontextualized use or disrespect toward its religious content can cause offense in South Asian Muslim communities.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6019,"authorId":1557,"name":6020,"description":6021,"startYear":1600,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6022,"instruments":6023,"aliases":6024,"sources":6025,"similarGenres":6026,"subGenres":6027,"parentGenres":6028,"contributors":6029},"7133d63c-29da-4064-b142-96e6acdf9399","Orkes Melayu","Orkes Melayu is a Malay popular-music ensemble tradition that took shape in mid-20th-century Indonesia and Malaya, combining Malay vocal styles with violin, accordion, flute, and hand drums. It served as the direct precursor to dangdut, and its repertoire remains a touchstone of Malay popular heritage.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6031,"authorId":1557,"name":6032,"description":6033,"startYear":2504,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6034,"instruments":6035,"aliases":6036,"sources":6037,"similarGenres":6038,"subGenres":6039,"parentGenres":6040,"contributors":6041},"057fb62e-5b31-4e1c-a9f9-971da46971e6","Synth-Pop","Synth-pop emerged from British post-punk and new wave in the late 1970s, replacing rock instruments with synthesisers and drum machines to create a cool, futuristic pop. Kraftwerk's electronic aesthetic, channelled through Human League, Depeche Mode, and Erasure, defined the form.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6043,"authorId":1557,"name":6044,"description":6045,"startYear":2679,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6046,"instruments":6047,"aliases":6048,"sources":6049,"similarGenres":6050,"subGenres":6051,"parentGenres":6052,"contributors":6053},"0b37767a-f801-4337-929d-97d104590283","Son Cubano","Cuban root style combining Spanish song forms and Afro-Cuban rhythm, foundational to salsa.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6055,"authorId":1557,"name":6056,"description":6057,"startYear":2815,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6058,"instruments":6059,"aliases":6060,"sources":6061,"similarGenres":6062,"subGenres":6063,"parentGenres":6064,"contributors":6065},"c00ff6ba-bb42-433c-b3af-97d334e31bdc","Go-Go","Go-go is a percussion-heavy funk subgenre native to Washington, D.C., developed by Chuck Brown in the mid-1970s. It is defined by continuous live grooves that link songs without pause, syncopated conga and cowbell patterns, and extensive call-and-response with the crowd. Go-go remains tightly identified with D.C.'s Black community and was designated the official music of the District in 2020.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6067,"authorId":1557,"name":6068,"description":6069,"startYear":2029,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6070,"instruments":6071,"aliases":6072,"sources":6073,"similarGenres":6074,"subGenres":6075,"parentGenres":6076,"contributors":6077},"5ac9f28c-c0f3-4906-bd8a-97f09c0bc7e7","Don Ca Tai Tu","Southern Vietnamese chamber music balancing refined improvisation, ornamented melody, and plucked strings.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6079,"authorId":1557,"name":6080,"description":6081,"startYear":6082,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6083,"instruments":6084,"aliases":6085,"sources":6086,"similarGenres":6087,"subGenres":6088,"parentGenres":6089,"contributors":6090},"e2d1de91-7569-4d06-b28c-980c97184402","Rock and Roll","Rock and roll emerged from African-American blues, gospel, and country in the early 1950s. Chuck Berry, Little Richard, and Elvis Presley fused boogie-woogie and R&B into an electrifying form that became the most transformative youth music movement of the 20th century and the foundation of virtually all subsequent Western popular music.",1951,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6092,"authorId":1557,"name":6093,"description":6094,"startYear":2679,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6095,"instruments":6096,"aliases":6097,"sources":6098,"similarGenres":6099,"subGenres":6100,"parentGenres":6101,"contributors":6102},"dc2558b2-6664-40c6-b825-98621a835dc8","Murga Uruguaya","A Uruguayan carnival choral-theatrical genre featuring large male choruses singing satirical verses backed by bombo, platillos, and redoblante. It is a cornerstone of Montevideo's carnival.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6104,"authorId":1557,"name":6105,"description":6106,"startYear":2729,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6107,"instruments":6108,"aliases":6109,"sources":6110,"similarGenres":6111,"subGenres":6112,"parentGenres":6113,"contributors":6114},"b79f4cc9-2f0d-43ed-a726-988fb13bd4a9","Acid House","Acid house emerged in mid-1980s Chicago, built around the squelching, resonant bass sequences of the Roland TB-303 over 4\u002F4 drum machine patterns. It became central to the UK's late-80s rave explosion and helped shape the template of modern dance music.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6116,"authorId":1557,"name":6117,"description":6118,"startYear":1928,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":6119,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6120,"instruments":6121,"aliases":6122,"sources":6123,"similarGenres":6124,"subGenres":6125,"parentGenres":6126,"contributors":6127},"af708f2b-a034-425d-a5d3-98bb4f0c6246","Saya","An Afro-Bolivian song-and-dance tradition from the Yungas region, featuring layered drums, caja, and call-and-response singing in Spanish. It is distinct from the Andean 'caporales' style sometimes labelled saya.","Frequently conflated with and appropriated by the Andean caporales dance, a source of ongoing cultural-rights disputes for Afro-Bolivian communities.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6129,"authorId":1557,"name":6130,"description":6131,"startYear":2641,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6132,"instruments":6133,"aliases":6134,"sources":6135,"similarGenres":6136,"subGenres":6137,"parentGenres":6138,"contributors":6139},"413c480e-7480-48fe-9a19-993398cc77a1","Hindustani Classical","Hindustani classical music is the art-music tradition of North India, Pakistan, Nepal, and Bangladesh, organized around melodic frameworks called ragas and rhythmic cycles called talas. Performance is typically improvisatory, progressing from an unmetered alap through increasingly rhythmic sections, featuring voice or instruments such as sitar, sarod, bansuri, sarangi, and tabla. Its major vocal genres include dhrupad, khyal, and thumri.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6141,"authorId":1557,"name":6142,"description":6143,"startYear":6144,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":6145,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6146,"instruments":6147,"aliases":6148,"sources":6149,"similarGenres":6150,"subGenres":6151,"parentGenres":6152,"contributors":6153},"afa7bf1d-a42c-4377-a253-995599435fbc","Hula (Hawaii)","Hawaiian chant and song tradition that accompanies dance, from sacred mele to modern staged performance.",1778,"Hula carries sacred and genealogical meaning for Native Hawaiians, and its commercial or tourist-oriented presentation raises ongoing concerns about appropriation and trivialization.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6155,"authorId":1557,"name":6156,"description":6157,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6158,"instruments":6159,"aliases":6160,"sources":6161,"similarGenres":6162,"subGenres":6163,"parentGenres":6164,"contributors":6165},"3e87a821-08d9-4c72-9917-99bc33d30ebb","Kulintang","A pre-Hispanic gong-chime music of the southern Philippines and adjacent regions of Indonesia and Malaysia, centered on a row of tuned kettle gongs played melodically. Ensembles add larger gongs and drums for layered interlocking patterns.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6167,"authorId":1557,"name":6168,"description":6169,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":6170,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6171,"instruments":6172,"aliases":6173,"sources":6174,"similarGenres":6175,"subGenres":6176,"parentGenres":6177,"contributors":6178},"9f866c46-7588-4f8a-8498-9b8de0959f9d","Fanfara","Romanian and Balkan brass band tradition, often performed by Roma musicians at weddings and festivals. Features exuberant horn arrangements in fast asymmetric meters influenced by Ottoman and local folk styles.","Primarily practiced by Romani communities whose musical labor has historically been marginalized.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6180,"authorId":1557,"name":6181,"description":6182,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6183,"instruments":6184,"aliases":6185,"sources":6186,"similarGenres":6187,"subGenres":6188,"parentGenres":6189,"contributors":6190},"cd8ddb91-9eb7-4ea5-a0ef-9b92378f3063","Rondalla","A Philippine string ensemble tradition of Spanish colonial origin featuring plectrum-plucked instruments like the bandurria, laud, octavina, and guitar. It performs folk dances, kundiman love songs, and arrangements of popular tunes.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6192,"authorId":1557,"name":6193,"description":6194,"startYear":1600,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6195,"instruments":6196,"aliases":6197,"sources":6198,"similarGenres":6199,"subGenres":6200,"parentGenres":6201,"contributors":6202},"188bcf85-c7a9-4236-8690-9bad7615286c","Chaabi Marocain","Moroccan popular dance music mixing festive rhythms, colloquial lyrics, and crowd-facing performance.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6204,"authorId":1557,"name":6205,"description":6206,"startYear":2179,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6207,"instruments":6208,"aliases":6209,"sources":6210,"similarGenres":6211,"subGenres":6212,"parentGenres":6213,"contributors":6214},"b0e6e8cd-a1e9-4c8c-83f3-9bc4d4e9c61e","Merengue","Dominican dance music with brisk two-step rhythm, accordion or horn lines, and nonstop momentum.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6216,"authorId":1557,"name":6217,"description":6218,"startYear":6219,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6220,"instruments":6221,"aliases":6222,"sources":6223,"similarGenres":6224,"subGenres":6225,"parentGenres":6226,"contributors":6227},"f6b634f9-584a-4d56-b8f4-9c3852491fbc","Frevo","A fast, brass-driven Carnival music and dance from Recife, Pernambuco, combining military march, maxixe and capoeira. Dancers brandish small umbrellas while performing its acrobatic steps.",1907,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6229,"authorId":1557,"name":6230,"description":6231,"startYear":2179,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":6232,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6233,"instruments":6234,"aliases":6235,"sources":6236,"similarGenres":6237,"subGenres":6238,"parentGenres":6239,"contributors":6240},"538b6f6c-cd5e-409f-be03-9c6bf9175431","Mbube","A South African Zulu a cappella vocal style marked by a powerful lead tenor over deep bass harmonies. The 1939 Solomon Linda recording 'Mbube' gave the genre its name and inspired 'The Lion Sleeps Tonight.'","The song 'Mbube\u002FWimoweh' is a landmark case of exploitation, with Solomon Linda receiving little compensation for a composition later earning millions worldwide.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6242,"authorId":1557,"name":6243,"description":6244,"startYear":3186,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6245,"instruments":6246,"aliases":6247,"sources":6248,"similarGenres":6249,"subGenres":6250,"parentGenres":6251,"contributors":6252},"06018db2-6334-4fd3-ba46-9c75da8a71e1","Soca","A high-energy Carnival music developed in Trinidad by Lord Shorty as a modernization of calypso incorporating Indian-Caribbean rhythms and funk. It is now the dominant sound of Caribbean Carnival celebrations.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6254,"authorId":1557,"name":6255,"description":6256,"startYear":3387,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6257,"instruments":6258,"aliases":6259,"sources":6260,"similarGenres":6261,"subGenres":6262,"parentGenres":6263,"contributors":6264},"daeb8ccd-1c95-46f0-9f41-9d551f4c1d3f","Britpop","Britpop was a mid-1990s UK guitar-pop movement reasserting British musical identity against American grunge, drawing on Mod and Kinks influences. The Blur–Oasis chart battle of 1995 was a national event, and Pulp, Elastica, and Supergrass were among its principal voices.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6266,"authorId":1557,"name":6267,"description":6268,"startYear":1689,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6269,"instruments":6270,"aliases":6271,"sources":6272,"similarGenres":6273,"subGenres":6274,"parentGenres":6275,"contributors":6276},"d9e9c602-434c-46f3-ae04-9d864161cdb5","Rapso","A Trinidadian 'power of the word' genre that fuses spoken word poetry with calypso, soca, and rap rhythms. Pioneered by Lancelot Layne and Brother Resistance, it is known for its social and political commentary.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6278,"authorId":1557,"name":6279,"description":6280,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6281,"instruments":6282,"aliases":6283,"sources":6284,"similarGenres":6285,"subGenres":6286,"parentGenres":6287,"contributors":6288},"7e98f0bc-fd13-456e-9931-9e4a9bce0c19","Izvorna Muzika","Bulgarian 'source' folk music preserving authentic regional styles, revived from the 1980s as a reaction to state-standardized folk. Features traditional instruments and unaccompanied women's vocal groups.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6290,"authorId":1557,"name":6291,"description":6292,"startYear":2692,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6293,"instruments":6294,"aliases":6295,"sources":6296,"similarGenres":6297,"subGenres":6298,"parentGenres":6299,"contributors":6300},"faf7dbc9-342e-44a5-8f2e-9e7613b7a6dc","Porro","Colombian brass-led dance music from the Caribbean region with festive swing and circular melodies.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6302,"authorId":1557,"name":6303,"description":6304,"startYear":1991,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6305,"instruments":6306,"aliases":6307,"sources":6308,"similarGenres":6309,"subGenres":6310,"parentGenres":6311,"contributors":6312},"95e0c038-d2ae-4f95-91d4-9f86b47ae89f","Bambara Dance Music","A Malian popular style built on Bambara-language vocals, electric guitars imitating n'goni lines, and dance grooves drawing on Mande rhythms. It was central to the post-independence dance-band scene.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6314,"authorId":1557,"name":6315,"description":6316,"startYear":1600,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6317,"instruments":6318,"aliases":6319,"sources":6320,"similarGenres":6321,"subGenres":6322,"parentGenres":6323,"contributors":6324},"25da0f96-a3d3-478a-8f46-9faa789e505c","Bard Song","Soviet-era singer-songwriter tradition featuring poet-performers like Vysotsky, Okudzhava, and Galich accompanying themselves on guitar. Intimate, literary songs often circulated via magnitizdat tape recordings.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6326,"authorId":1557,"name":6327,"description":6328,"startYear":6329,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6330,"instruments":6331,"aliases":6332,"sources":6333,"similarGenres":6334,"subGenres":6335,"parentGenres":6336,"contributors":6337},"22b4574e-8870-4044-a5eb-9ffa0baf59e4","Folk Rock","Folk rock emerged in the mid-1960s when Bob Dylan went electric and The Byrds applied jangling guitars and close harmonies to folk songs. It spawned American country rock, the British folk rock of Fairport Convention and Pentangle, and remains a vital sub-tradition through Fleet Foxes and Mumford & Sons.",1964,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6339,"authorId":1557,"name":6340,"description":6341,"startYear":1865,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6342,"instruments":6343,"aliases":6344,"sources":6345,"similarGenres":6346,"subGenres":6347,"parentGenres":6348,"contributors":6349},"13a8b232-9153-4f73-8575-a009a4903fe5","Post-Hardcore","Post-hardcore evolved from US hardcore punk in the mid-1980s, maintaining intense energy while exploring more complex song structures, emotional depth, and unconventional sounds. Fugazi, At the Drive-In, Refused, and Hum are key acts; it seeded emo, screamo, and math rock.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6351,"authorId":1557,"name":6352,"description":6353,"startYear":6354,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6355,"instruments":6356,"aliases":6357,"sources":6358,"similarGenres":6359,"subGenres":6360,"parentGenres":6361,"contributors":6362},"0bf5d32a-6a50-492f-9fe1-a08d4956367c","Powada","A Marathi ballad tradition that narrates heroic exploits, especially those of Shivaji and other historical figures, performed by shahir bards with dholki accompaniment. It remains a tool for political and social storytelling in Maharashtra.",1650,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6364,"authorId":1557,"name":6365,"description":6366,"startYear":2692,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6367,"instruments":6368,"aliases":6369,"sources":6370,"similarGenres":6371,"subGenres":6372,"parentGenres":6373,"contributors":6374},"3c0cfb82-3228-4321-a3ed-a11cb6df8e3e","Mento","Jamaican acoustic dance music featuring banjo, guitar, rumba box, and sly social commentary.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6376,"authorId":1557,"name":6377,"description":6378,"startYear":6379,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6380,"instruments":6381,"aliases":6382,"sources":6383,"similarGenres":6384,"subGenres":6385,"parentGenres":6386,"contributors":6387},"115573b7-c7f3-4266-8fcf-a15621b6fcdb","Ska","Ska originated in late-1950s Jamaica, combining mento and Caribbean rhythms with American R&B and jazz. It is defined by an upstroke guitar or piano accent on the offbeat (the 'skank'), walking basslines, and prominent horn sections. Ska preceded rocksteady and reggae and later inspired the UK 2 Tone revival of the late 1970s and the third-wave ska of the 1990s.",1959,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6389,"authorId":1557,"name":6390,"description":6391,"startYear":1828,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6392,"instruments":6393,"aliases":6394,"sources":6395,"similarGenres":6396,"subGenres":6397,"parentGenres":6398,"contributors":6399},"41dcc1ff-94af-4db7-8af2-a27ee69e6614","Mugithi","A Kenyan Kikuyu guitar-driven popular style in which a single performer leads audiences through long chains of songs with sing-along choruses. It dominates Nairobi's Kikuyu bar-and-lounge circuit.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6401,"authorId":1557,"name":6402,"description":6403,"startYear":6404,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6405,"instruments":6406,"aliases":6407,"sources":6408,"similarGenres":6409,"subGenres":6410,"parentGenres":6411,"contributors":6412},"559b4cbd-736e-466c-843b-a285853ba770","Rockabilly","Rockabilly was one of the earliest rock and roll styles, fusing country, blues, and boogie-woogie with slap bass and echo-heavy guitar, pioneered at Sun Records by Elvis Presley, Carl Perkins, and Jerry Lee Lewis. It remains the sonic template for countless revival acts.",1953,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6414,"authorId":1557,"name":6415,"description":6416,"startYear":6417,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6418,"instruments":6419,"aliases":6420,"sources":6421,"similarGenres":6422,"subGenres":6423,"parentGenres":6424,"contributors":6425},"411277b5-e559-4e04-8d4b-a3d39c25eada","Afroswing","Afroswing emerged in the UK mid-2010s, blending Afrobeats' Nigerian-influenced melodies with grime and R&B production. J Hus, Kojo Funds, and Afro B gave it a distinct presence on UK charts, while MoStack and Hardy Caprio broadened its mainstream reach.",2016,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6427,"authorId":1557,"name":6428,"description":6429,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6430,"instruments":6431,"aliases":6432,"sources":6433,"similarGenres":6434,"subGenres":6435,"parentGenres":6436,"contributors":6437},"2b31bcc4-bc09-4fc1-b819-a3fa0821977e","Khyal","The dominant form of Hindustani classical vocal music, featuring improvisation within a raga framework and greater melodic flexibility than dhrupad. Accompanied by tabla and harmonium or sarangi.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6439,"authorId":1557,"name":6440,"description":6441,"startYear":6442,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6443,"instruments":6444,"aliases":6445,"sources":6446,"similarGenres":6447,"subGenres":6448,"parentGenres":6449,"contributors":6450},"4afbea21-1be9-4fe9-83a1-a440f7678e7d","Future Bass","Future bass emerged around 2013, combining dubstep's sub-bass influence with bright, major-key chords, chopped vocal samples, and electronic pop aesthetics. Flume, Rustie, ODESZA, and Cashmere Cat popularised it, and it became a significant streaming genre in the mid-2010s.",2013,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6452,"authorId":1557,"name":6453,"description":6454,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6455,"instruments":6456,"aliases":6457,"sources":6458,"similarGenres":6459,"subGenres":6460,"parentGenres":6461,"contributors":6462},"62f25048-b776-4459-bd10-a473fb3c25cc","Murga Portena","A Buenos Aires carnival music and street-performance form featuring large bass drums, cymbals, and brightly costumed dancers. Distinct from Uruguayan murga, it foregrounds rhythmic dance over choral satire.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6464,"authorId":1557,"name":6465,"description":6466,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6467,"instruments":6468,"aliases":6469,"sources":6470,"similarGenres":6471,"subGenres":6472,"parentGenres":6473,"contributors":6474},"eb16af9b-b6cc-44ee-8fc6-a4bbc11f1020","Bambuco","A foundational Colombian Andean genre in 6\u002F8 meter, performed by string trios with tiple, guitar, and bandola. Its gentle, lyrical melodies reflect mestizo highland identity.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6476,"authorId":1557,"name":6477,"description":6478,"startYear":1828,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6479,"instruments":6480,"aliases":6481,"sources":6482,"similarGenres":6483,"subGenres":6484,"parentGenres":6485,"contributors":6486},"23f472e8-3855-4642-bf48-a687c49328d8","Huayno Urbano","A modernized Peruvian huayno featuring electric instruments, synthesizers, and pop production while retaining Andean melodic contours and Quechua lyrics. Stars like Dina Paucar brought it to urban mass audiences.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6488,"authorId":1557,"name":6489,"description":6490,"startYear":2616,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6491,"instruments":6492,"aliases":6493,"sources":6494,"similarGenres":6495,"subGenres":6496,"parentGenres":6497,"contributors":6498},"67489418-fdbf-4d89-b6df-a7682b31d4d7","Jungle","Jungle emerged from the British rave scene in the early 1990s, combining chopped Amen-break drums at 160–180 BPM with deep reggae basslines, ragga vocal samples, and pitched sub-bass. It was the direct precursor to drum and bass and one of the UK's most significant dance-music inventions.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6500,"authorId":1557,"name":6501,"description":6502,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6503,"instruments":6504,"aliases":6505,"sources":6506,"similarGenres":6507,"subGenres":6508,"parentGenres":6509,"contributors":6510},"8e537527-4d61-454e-b967-a7b9fcb5a87f","Dombra Kuy","Kazakh dombra kuy tradition of instrumental pieces that narrate stories, landscapes, and emotion.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6512,"authorId":1557,"name":6513,"description":6514,"startYear":1928,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6515,"instruments":6516,"aliases":6517,"sources":6518,"similarGenres":6519,"subGenres":6520,"parentGenres":6521,"contributors":6522},"19dc93ac-d9aa-4352-852f-a7f80baa4891","Kiribati Maneaba Songs","Maneaba songs are communal vocal and dance traditions of Kiribati performed in the maneaba, the central meeting house of each village. Genres such as the seated bino and the standing ruoia feature tightly harmonized group singing, rhythmic body and hand movements, and poetic texts tied to clan history and community life.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6524,"authorId":1557,"name":6525,"description":6526,"startYear":2641,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6527,"instruments":6528,"aliases":6529,"sources":6530,"similarGenres":6531,"subGenres":6532,"parentGenres":6533,"contributors":6534},"7d15c361-e3c8-446f-9adf-a83ab51bf67f","Hassani Music","The traditional music of the Hassaniya-speaking peoples of Mauritania, southern Morocco, and Western Sahara, centered on the tidinit lute and ardin harp played by iggawin griots. It follows a distinctive modal system of 'ways.'",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6536,"authorId":1557,"name":6537,"description":6538,"startYear":1878,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6539,"instruments":6540,"aliases":6541,"sources":6542,"similarGenres":6543,"subGenres":6544,"parentGenres":6545,"contributors":6546},"3979ab31-4d87-4e83-8154-a901ccdcbfdc","Jazz Fusion","Jazz fusion emerged in the late 1960s as jazz musicians incorporated rock's electric instruments, amplification, and groove into jazz improvisation. Miles Davis' Bitches Brew (1970), Weather Report, and Mahavishnu Orchestra were its defining forces, creating music of extraordinary rhythmic complexity.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6548,"authorId":1557,"name":6549,"description":6550,"startYear":6551,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6552,"instruments":6553,"aliases":6554,"sources":6555,"similarGenres":6556,"subGenres":6557,"parentGenres":6558,"contributors":6559},"69f3cab4-06ba-430d-8258-a9116015ea5f","Lovers Rock","Romantic British reggae emphasizing soft grooves, harmony vocals, and intimate lyrical themes.",1975,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6561,"authorId":1557,"name":6562,"description":6563,"startYear":1600,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6564,"instruments":6565,"aliases":6566,"sources":6567,"similarGenres":6568,"subGenres":6569,"parentGenres":6570,"contributors":6571},"c5be666c-f169-4bd5-a8a4-a98a5a734c5b","Vallenato","Colombian accordion song tradition with caja and guacharaca, built around storytelling and regional identity.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6573,"authorId":1557,"name":6574,"description":6575,"startYear":2128,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6576,"instruments":6577,"aliases":6578,"sources":6579,"similarGenres":6580,"subGenres":6581,"parentGenres":6582,"contributors":6583},"7a12ed94-ad0c-46ef-8cf9-a9b53ebcf3c2","Samba de Roda","Bahian Afro-Brazilian samba circle tradition with handclaps, response singing, and dance.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6585,"authorId":1557,"name":6586,"description":6587,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6588,"instruments":6589,"aliases":6590,"sources":6591,"similarGenres":6592,"subGenres":6593,"parentGenres":6594,"contributors":6595},"4a8a5ac4-47b6-43fd-9c83-a9d7e247232f","Fujara Music","Slovak shepherd music centered on the fujara, an exceptionally long overtone flute with a deep drone. The contemplative style is UNESCO-listed, traditionally played by solitary herders in central Slovakia.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6597,"authorId":1557,"name":6598,"description":6599,"startYear":2490,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6600,"instruments":6601,"aliases":6602,"sources":6603,"similarGenres":6604,"subGenres":6605,"parentGenres":6606,"contributors":6607},"fc71a888-0f6a-4dfa-aefd-aa7df7076dc7","UK Funky","UK Funky emerged in London around 2007–2009, fusing UK garage's shuffled rhythms with Afrobeats, soca, and Nigerian percussion. Centred on East London pirate radio, it produced a short but influential wave of energetic dancefloor music led by producers like Roska and Cooly G.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6609,"authorId":1557,"name":6610,"description":6611,"startYear":1828,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6612,"instruments":6613,"aliases":6614,"sources":6615,"similarGenres":6616,"subGenres":6617,"parentGenres":6618,"contributors":6619},"3b6da08d-2915-4e2b-b602-aaa46f5d9867","Hardcore Techno","Hardcore techno pushed dance music tempos and intensity to extremes in the early 1990s, encompassing Rotterdam gabber, Belgian new beat mutations, and related high-BPM styles. It spawned hardstyle, industrial hardcore, and speedcore, with a dedicated global following.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6621,"authorId":1557,"name":6622,"description":6623,"startYear":1991,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6624,"instruments":6625,"aliases":6626,"sources":6627,"similarGenres":6628,"subGenres":6629,"parentGenres":6630,"contributors":6631},"8c13d79c-67a6-4dd9-9d70-aac31283b5af","Soukous","Congolese dance music marked by bright guitars, sebene grooves, and polished band interplay.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6633,"authorId":1557,"name":6634,"description":6635,"startYear":2165,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6636,"instruments":6637,"aliases":6638,"sources":6639,"similarGenres":6640,"subGenres":6641,"parentGenres":6642,"contributors":6643},"c3f38ed2-08ab-42ea-875a-aae8b939b867","Muwashshah","Muwashshah is a strophic Arabic poetic and musical form that originated in al-Andalus and spread through the Arab world, typically sung with classical Arabic verse over a fixed rhythmic cycle. It is central to the Andalusian and Levantine art-music repertoires and is often performed by a takht ensemble with a solo vocalist and chorus.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6645,"authorId":1557,"name":6646,"description":6647,"startYear":1790,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6648,"instruments":6649,"aliases":6650,"sources":6651,"similarGenres":6652,"subGenres":6653,"parentGenres":6654,"contributors":6655},"a9644d9a-8e78-43eb-85ec-aba2d36be89e","House","House is an electronic dance music that developed in early-1980s Chicago, pioneered by DJs including Frankie Knuckles, Ron Hardy, and Jesse Saunders at clubs such as the Warehouse. It is built on a four-on-the-floor kick, off-beat hi-hats, and drum-machine patterns (often the Roland TR-808 and TR-909), with disco, soul, and synth-pop samples and vocals. House quickly spread globally and now comprises many subgenres including deep, acid, garage, and tech house.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6657,"authorId":1557,"name":6658,"description":6659,"startYear":1575,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":6660,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6661,"instruments":6662,"aliases":6663,"sources":6664,"similarGenres":6665,"subGenres":6666,"parentGenres":6667,"contributors":6668},"7eb01059-66a5-44a5-a1a9-aba7f22f41a9","Tuareg Desert Blues","An electric guitar music of the Tuareg people of the Sahara, fusing traditional assouf melodies with blues and rock. Bands like Tinariwen developed the style from rebel-era cassette culture into a global phenomenon.","The music is tied to Tuareg political struggle and the ishumar exile experience, and is sometimes associated with armed rebellion.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6670,"authorId":1557,"name":6671,"description":6672,"startYear":2029,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6673,"instruments":6674,"aliases":6675,"sources":6676,"similarGenres":6677,"subGenres":6678,"parentGenres":6679,"contributors":6680},"a3262c32-41b8-4c1c-938b-abf07bb6a28a","Beni Ngoma","A brass-band and drum dance tradition of the Swahili coast of Kenya and Tanzania, developed under European military influence but transformed by local ngoma aesthetics. Competitive troupes parade with uniforms and choreography.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6682,"authorId":1557,"name":6683,"description":6684,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6685,"instruments":6686,"aliases":6687,"sources":6688,"similarGenres":6689,"subGenres":6690,"parentGenres":6691,"contributors":6692},"6de72160-3cae-4ba8-bca9-adab7aab7ae7","Sega Tambour","A Rodriguan variant of sega driven by the large handheld tambour drum and accordion, distinct from Mauritian sega's ravanne-led sound. Lyrics in Rodriguan Creole address daily island life and social issues.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6694,"authorId":1557,"name":6695,"description":6696,"startYear":1689,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6697,"instruments":6698,"aliases":6699,"sources":6700,"similarGenres":6701,"subGenres":6702,"parentGenres":6703,"contributors":6704},"c6b11fd5-c3bf-4aac-8c1d-ae2e0876ad35","Chakacha","A Swahili coastal dance music from Kenya and Tanzania traditionally performed at weddings, featuring hip-swaying rhythms, drums, and call-and-response vocals. It evolved into a popular urban style in the late twentieth century.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6706,"authorId":1557,"name":6707,"description":6708,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6709,"instruments":6710,"aliases":6711,"sources":6712,"similarGenres":6713,"subGenres":6714,"parentGenres":6715,"contributors":6716},"76761c83-2ef8-46bd-86eb-ae69f332dada","Tuvan Throat Singing","A family of overtone singing techniques from Tuva in southern Siberia, where a single vocalist produces multiple pitches simultaneously through precise control of the vocal tract. Styles like khoomei, sygyt, and kargyraa evoke landscapes and animals.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6718,"authorId":1557,"name":6719,"description":6720,"startYear":1828,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6721,"instruments":6722,"aliases":6723,"sources":6724,"similarGenres":6725,"subGenres":6726,"parentGenres":6727,"contributors":6728},"3d991779-d39f-4680-bc61-aee5ad03f7c8","Bongo Movement","The early Tanzanian urban youth scene that fused American hip hop and R&B with Swahili lyrics, ultimately giving rise to Bongo Flava. It was centered around Dar es Salaam radio and mix-tape culture.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6730,"authorId":1557,"name":6731,"description":6732,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6733,"instruments":6734,"aliases":6735,"sources":6736,"similarGenres":6737,"subGenres":6738,"parentGenres":6739,"contributors":6740},"09c9fcc5-bcfa-4319-800a-aee7de49dade","Baul","Mystical folk tradition of wandering minstrels from Bengal, blending Hindu Vaishnava, Sufi, and tantric influences. Bauls accompany themselves on ektara and dotara, singing of the 'man of the heart' (moner manush).",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6742,"authorId":1557,"name":6743,"description":6744,"startYear":1600,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6745,"instruments":6746,"aliases":6747,"sources":6748,"similarGenres":6749,"subGenres":6750,"parentGenres":6751,"contributors":6752},"c03fc2b2-18d5-4559-b3fd-aeeaca1e97f4","Lingala Rumba","The Lingala-sung Congolese rumba style that fused Cuban son with Central African guitar patterns and call-and-response vocals. It became the lingua franca of dance music across Central and East Africa.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6754,"authorId":1557,"name":6755,"description":6756,"startYear":3927,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6757,"instruments":6758,"aliases":6759,"sources":6760,"similarGenres":6761,"subGenres":6762,"parentGenres":6763,"contributors":6764},"3e8f55e6-5df0-4e61-8d80-aef22cd13ea3","Salsa Dura","Salsa Dura is the harder-edged, brass-heavy style of salsa associated with the 1970s Fania sound and its later revivalists. It emphasises aggressive horn arrangements, extended percussion breaks, sharp clave discipline, and socially observant lyrics, in contrast to the softer romantic salsa of the 1980s. The style retains a devoted following among dancers and traditionalist bandleaders.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6766,"authorId":1557,"name":6767,"description":6768,"startYear":6769,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":6770,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6771,"instruments":6772,"aliases":6773,"sources":6774,"similarGenres":6775,"subGenres":6776,"parentGenres":6777,"contributors":6778},"d834a412-8a97-46f0-9473-aef357464c90","Corridos Tumbados","Mexican corridos blended with trap and urbano production, often focused on youth and street narratives.",2018,"Some corridos tumbados include narcocorrido themes glorifying drug trafficking and have been restricted or banned in parts of Mexico.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6780,"authorId":1557,"name":6781,"description":6782,"startYear":3400,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6783,"instruments":6784,"aliases":6785,"sources":6786,"similarGenres":6787,"subGenres":6788,"parentGenres":6789,"contributors":6790},"cb5b9818-f993-4573-9b1e-af4febda039c","Guaracha","Guaracha is an up-tempo Cuban song-and-dance genre with roots in 19th-century Havana theatre, later absorbed into son, mambo, and salsa repertoires. It is characterized by witty, often satirical lyrics and lively syncopated rhythms. A distinct contemporary Colombian electronic style called guaracha (or aleteo) uses the name but is a separate EDM genre that emerged in the 2010s.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6792,"authorId":1557,"name":6793,"description":6794,"startYear":2389,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6795,"instruments":6796,"aliases":6797,"sources":6798,"similarGenres":6799,"subGenres":6800,"parentGenres":6801,"contributors":6802},"256dd9a9-e2ae-470f-8abf-af8baf88d568","Tanghetto","Tango-electronic fusion pairing tango motifs with programmed beats, synths, and modern texture.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6804,"authorId":1557,"name":6805,"description":6806,"startYear":6807,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6808,"instruments":6809,"aliases":6810,"sources":6811,"similarGenres":6812,"subGenres":6813,"parentGenres":6814,"contributors":6815},"2f811800-8a83-479c-bd9b-afc3c5159187","Samba","Brazilian dance music driven by syncopated percussion, communal singing, and propulsive swing.",1917,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6817,"authorId":1557,"name":6818,"description":6819,"startYear":1560,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6820,"instruments":6821,"aliases":6822,"sources":6823,"similarGenres":6824,"subGenres":6825,"parentGenres":6826,"contributors":6827},"3a5705a8-dfc4-4b0c-8206-afeff9fb5002","Techno Kizomba","A contemporary Cabo Verdean and Angolan diaspora style that electrifies kizomba with programmed beats, synth pads, and house-adjacent production. It is popular on European urban-kiz dance floors.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6829,"authorId":1557,"name":6830,"description":6831,"startYear":2692,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6832,"instruments":6833,"aliases":6834,"sources":6835,"similarGenres":6836,"subGenres":6837,"parentGenres":6838,"contributors":6839},"f3bc6a42-e7e4-4381-bfe8-b03dab20d9ea","Bhangra","A lively Punjabi folk music and dance tradition originally tied to the Vaisakhi harvest festival, later modernized with Western pop and electronic elements. Characterized by the driving dhol drum and call-and-response vocals.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6841,"authorId":1557,"name":6842,"description":6843,"startYear":5277,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":6844,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6845,"instruments":6846,"aliases":6847,"sources":6848,"similarGenres":6849,"subGenres":6850,"parentGenres":6851,"contributors":6852},"df8a5bfd-f932-413d-976c-b0df2eecd23f","Drill","Drill is a hip hop subgenre that originated in Chicago's South Side around 2010 with artists like Chief Keef and producer Young Chop, later developing distinct UK and Brooklyn variants. It is defined by dark, minor-key beats, sliding 808 basslines, skittering hi-hats and a menacing, blunt lyrical delivery.","Drill lyrics often reference gang conflict and violence and have been cited in criminal prosecutions and policing debates in the US and UK.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6854,"authorId":1557,"name":6855,"description":6856,"startYear":3890,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6857,"instruments":6858,"aliases":6859,"sources":6860,"similarGenres":6861,"subGenres":6862,"parentGenres":6863,"contributors":6864},"da78c8e7-6a49-44e9-aac7-b171d65e5ea8","Ottan Thullal","A solo dance and recitation art form from Kerala, India, created by poet Kunchan Nambiar, combining satirical verse with rhythmic foot-work and percussion accompaniment. Performances are delivered in Malayalam with social critique.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6866,"authorId":1557,"name":6867,"description":6868,"startYear":2654,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6869,"instruments":6870,"aliases":6871,"sources":6872,"similarGenres":6873,"subGenres":6874,"parentGenres":6875,"contributors":6876},"5b66a0b6-76b1-4c1e-8466-b1975eedd155","Soul","Black popular music centered on gospel-informed vocals, groove, and emotional directness.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6878,"authorId":1557,"name":6879,"description":6880,"startYear":2729,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6881,"instruments":6882,"aliases":6883,"sources":6884,"similarGenres":6885,"subGenres":6886,"parentGenres":6887,"contributors":6888},"7e8c9585-50b8-407f-aac0-b30f3fc73946","Grunge","Grunge emerged from Seattle in the late 1980s, fusing heavy metal distortion with punk anger and indie rock sensibility. Nirvana, Pearl Jam, Soundgarden, and Alice in Chains made it the defining rock sound of the early 1990s before its rapid commercial co-option.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6890,"authorId":1557,"name":6891,"description":6892,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6893,"instruments":6894,"aliases":6895,"sources":6896,"similarGenres":6897,"subGenres":6898,"parentGenres":6899,"contributors":6900},"1e7262d3-5bae-40e1-917b-b3d004064d7c","Son Huasteco","A Mexican trio music from the Huasteca region featuring violin, jarana huasteca, and quinta huapanguera, with falsetto vocals and improvised poetic verses. It is strongly associated with the huapango dance.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6902,"authorId":1557,"name":6903,"description":6904,"startYear":6905,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6906,"instruments":6907,"aliases":6908,"sources":6909,"similarGenres":6910,"subGenres":6911,"parentGenres":6912,"contributors":6913},"a5956fa7-42f4-4a55-ab1c-b416fc0e7d9b","Punk Rock","Punk rock emerged in New York and London in the mid-1970s as a raw, aggressive rejection of progressive and classic rock excess. The Ramones, Sex Pistols, and The Clash established short fast songs, distorted guitars, and DIY ethos that spawned post-punk, hardcore, and alternative rock.",1974,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6915,"authorId":1557,"name":6916,"description":6917,"startYear":2029,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6918,"instruments":6919,"aliases":6920,"sources":6921,"similarGenres":6922,"subGenres":6923,"parentGenres":6924,"contributors":6925},"bec3601b-012d-4df6-8531-b4686031e7b3","Nubian Music","The indigenous popular and traditional music of the Nubian people of southern Egypt and northern Sudan, built on tar frame drums, oud, and call-and-response singing in Nubian languages. Artists like Ali Hassan Kuban brought it onto global stages.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6927,"authorId":1557,"name":6928,"description":6929,"startYear":1664,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6930,"instruments":6931,"aliases":6932,"sources":6933,"similarGenres":6934,"subGenres":6935,"parentGenres":6936,"contributors":6937},"6ffc7df4-138e-4c97-a2a8-b516bf2e033a","Electronic Body Music","EBM emerged from Belgium and Germany in the early 1980s, combining industrial electronic textures with hard metronomic beats and aggressive vocalisations to produce a physically demanding dancefloor sound. Front 242, Nitzer Ebb, and D.A.F. defined its aesthetic.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6939,"authorId":1557,"name":6940,"description":6941,"startYear":1928,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6942,"instruments":6943,"aliases":6944,"sources":6945,"similarGenres":6946,"subGenres":6947,"parentGenres":6948,"contributors":6949},"d2629031-172d-459b-993f-b54e9ba09c11","Pasillo","A 19th-century Andean salon genre that evolved from the European waltz in Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, and Panama. It features melancholic melodies often accompanied by guitar and requinto.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6951,"authorId":1557,"name":6952,"description":6953,"startYear":1575,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6954,"instruments":6955,"aliases":6956,"sources":6957,"similarGenres":6958,"subGenres":6959,"parentGenres":6960,"contributors":6961},"edf337c6-99ad-4e8e-9065-b566ac1fe475","Italo Disco","Italo Disco emerged in Italy in the late 1970s and peaked in the early-to-mid 1980s, characterized by synthesizers, drum machines, vocoder or heavily accented English vocals, and simple catchy hooks. It was a major export on European dancefloors and laid groundwork for later Eurodance and synth-pop styles.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6963,"authorId":1557,"name":6964,"description":6965,"startYear":1978,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6966,"instruments":6967,"aliases":6968,"sources":6969,"similarGenres":6970,"subGenres":6971,"parentGenres":6972,"contributors":6973},"ce2cce39-f23d-4f5a-9e64-b5872b1f2b35","Tarraxinha","A slow, sensual Angolan dance-music style derived from kizomba and zouk, characterized by downtempo programmed beats and minimalist basslines. It is often danced very closely and has spread through Lusophone club scenes.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6975,"authorId":1557,"name":6976,"description":6977,"startYear":1575,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6978,"instruments":6979,"aliases":6980,"sources":6981,"similarGenres":6982,"subGenres":6983,"parentGenres":6984,"contributors":6985},"1f941b59-3d1b-485a-a5b9-b60563632eb1","Gospel Highlife","A Ghanaian fusion of highlife instrumentation with Pentecostal Christian lyrics and worship arrangements. It dominates Ghanaian churches, media, and the gospel music industry across West Africa.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6987,"authorId":1557,"name":6988,"description":6989,"startYear":3186,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":6990,"instruments":6991,"aliases":6992,"sources":6993,"similarGenres":6994,"subGenres":6995,"parentGenres":6996,"contributors":6997},"a5479628-90a2-4687-a0ac-b7084faeff0f","Manila Sound","A Filipino pop style of the mid-1970s that blended soft rock, funk, and disco with Tagalog lyrics, paving the way for OPM. Hotdog, VST & Company, and the Apo Hiking Society were its defining acts.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6999,"authorId":1557,"name":7000,"description":7001,"startYear":1928,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7002,"instruments":7003,"aliases":7004,"sources":7005,"similarGenres":7006,"subGenres":7007,"parentGenres":7008,"contributors":7009},"e0fd8dc2-c029-4bcb-89c5-b7a4125283f1","Thumri","Thumri is a semi-classical vocal genre of Hindustani music that developed in 19th-century North India, particularly in Lucknow and Varanasi. It sets short romantic or devotional texts, often addressed to Krishna, to light ragas and allows expressive liberties with melody and rhythm beyond those permitted in khayal. Associated with the courtesan traditions of Awadh, it was shaped by singers such as Begum Akhtar, Siddheshwari Devi, and Girija Devi.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7011,"authorId":1557,"name":7012,"description":7013,"startYear":1828,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7014,"instruments":7015,"aliases":7016,"sources":7017,"similarGenres":7018,"subGenres":7019,"parentGenres":7020,"contributors":7021},"47d9696a-3db3-455d-86ba-b802bef46ccb","Psytrance","Psytrance grew from the Goa trance scene of the early 1990s, combining fast tempos (140–150 BPM) with layered synthesiser sequences and mind-altering sonic textures aimed at trance-inducing dancefloor experiences. Israel's outdoor festival culture became its global home.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7023,"authorId":1557,"name":7024,"description":7025,"startYear":1727,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7026,"instruments":7027,"aliases":7028,"sources":7029,"similarGenres":7030,"subGenres":7031,"parentGenres":7032,"contributors":7033},"ee9df912-1059-404a-9848-b84a22f10660","Al-Ala","Moroccan Andalusian classical music organized into nuba suites, with modal development, oud, violin, and percussion.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7035,"authorId":1557,"name":7036,"description":7037,"startYear":2029,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7038,"instruments":7039,"aliases":7040,"sources":7041,"similarGenres":7042,"subGenres":7043,"parentGenres":7044,"contributors":7045},"f0d7faa5-d142-4a25-98d7-b894c6f06944","Tassou","A Senegalese Wolof chanted-poetry tradition performed primarily by women, combining rhythmic spoken verse with handclaps and percussion. It is often cited as a precursor to Senegalese hip hop.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7047,"authorId":1557,"name":7048,"description":7049,"startYear":2641,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7050,"instruments":7051,"aliases":7052,"sources":7053,"similarGenres":7054,"subGenres":7055,"parentGenres":7056,"contributors":7057},"a65acad7-4992-4164-aaba-b8a6dfea50d1","Central Asian Traditions","Central Asian traditions include the classical and folk musics of Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, and neighbouring regions, ranging from the courtly Shashmaqam suites of Bukhara to Kazakh and Kyrgyz epic singing (jyrau, manaschi) and dombra\u002Fkomuz instrumental music. Throat-singing, long-necked lutes, and modal improvisation are common threads across the region.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7059,"authorId":1557,"name":5288,"description":5289,"startYear":1991,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7060,"instruments":7061,"aliases":7062,"sources":7063,"similarGenres":7064,"subGenres":7065,"parentGenres":7066,"contributors":7067},"10fced36-0b27-41ec-928c-b8ebea325c07",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7069,"authorId":1557,"name":7070,"description":7071,"startYear":6769,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7072,"instruments":7073,"aliases":7074,"sources":7075,"similarGenres":7076,"subGenres":7077,"parentGenres":7078,"contributors":7079},"33c55c16-af86-4b61-862c-b95aa244ffbc","Gengetone","A Kenyan urban music style that revived Sheng-language rap over dancehall and trap-influenced beats, raw in production and often explicit in content. It reshaped Nairobi's club and YouTube scenes.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7081,"authorId":1557,"name":7082,"description":7083,"startYear":1560,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7084,"instruments":7085,"aliases":7086,"sources":7087,"similarGenres":7088,"subGenres":7089,"parentGenres":7090,"contributors":7091},"0ed27f04-bb8f-409e-99ae-b99cea3ea073","Alte","A Nigerian alternative urban scene emphasizing eclectic fashion, lo-fi R&B, Afrobeats, and indie sensibilities. Artists like Odunsi, Cruel Santino, and Tems helped define its moody, experimental sound.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7093,"authorId":1557,"name":7094,"description":7095,"startYear":2692,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7096,"instruments":7097,"aliases":7098,"sources":7099,"similarGenres":7100,"subGenres":7101,"parentGenres":7102,"contributors":7103},"5539d85b-45b6-4c30-919a-ba44524dbf3b","Juju","Yoruba popular music built on talking drums, guitars, layered percussion, and praise-singing.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7105,"authorId":1557,"name":7106,"description":7107,"startYear":2616,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7108,"instruments":7109,"aliases":7110,"sources":7111,"similarGenres":7112,"subGenres":7113,"parentGenres":7114,"contributors":7115},"f4bb100d-3938-4ad6-89e0-ba59bdda7c9f","Happy Hardcore","Happy hardcore branched from breakbeat hardcore in the early 1990s, pushing tempos to 160–180 BPM with euphoric major-key melodies and chipmunk-pitched vocals. It thrived in UK warehouse raves and later in Australia, producing dedicated club nights and independent labels still active today.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7117,"authorId":1557,"name":7118,"description":7119,"startYear":2326,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7120,"instruments":7121,"aliases":7122,"sources":7123,"similarGenres":7124,"subGenres":7125,"parentGenres":7126,"contributors":7127},"0dcfe7cb-6fe9-4316-a01c-bac440b256b4","UK Garage","UK Garage emerged in mid-1990s London from US house and New Jersey garage styles, characterised by shuffled 4\u002F4 rhythms, pitch-shifted vocal chops, and heavy sub-bass. It was the parent genre of two-step, grime, bassline, and dubstep.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7129,"authorId":1557,"name":7130,"description":7131,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7132,"instruments":7133,"aliases":7134,"sources":7135,"similarGenres":7136,"subGenres":7137,"parentGenres":7138,"contributors":7139},"afe0490d-1a09-4192-8cd3-bb6afde81b85","Griot Tradition","The hereditary West African bardic tradition of jeliya, in which griots serve as historians, praise singers, and musicians, often playing kora, ngoni, or balafon. It underpins much of the region's popular music.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7141,"authorId":1557,"name":7142,"description":7143,"startYear":1928,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":7144,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7145,"instruments":7146,"aliases":7147,"sources":7148,"similarGenres":7149,"subGenres":7150,"parentGenres":7151,"contributors":7152},"fbe1ad6c-857d-4f97-b94d-bb7db25f2799","Haka","Maori ceremonial chant-dance combining forceful group movement, rhythm, and vocal declamation.","Haka is a taonga (treasure) of Māori culture with specific protocols, and casual or commercial imitation outside those protocols is considered disrespectful.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7154,"authorId":1557,"name":7155,"description":7156,"startYear":2555,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7157,"instruments":7158,"aliases":7159,"sources":7160,"similarGenres":7161,"subGenres":7162,"parentGenres":7163,"contributors":7164},"35e0baa6-7e23-49d0-b4c5-bb91aae9646e","Sanaani Song","The classical urban song tradition of Sana'a, Yemen, featuring solo vocalist accompanied by qanbus or oud and small hand drum. UNESCO recognized it as a Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage in 2003.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7166,"authorId":1557,"name":7167,"description":7168,"startYear":1815,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7169,"instruments":7170,"aliases":7171,"sources":7172,"similarGenres":7173,"subGenres":7174,"parentGenres":7175,"contributors":7176},"5cdd79b3-dadf-482b-8c99-bc89bb4dd20f","Kayokyoku","Japanese popular song tradition before J-pop, shaped by enka, jazz, and Western-style orchestration.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7178,"authorId":1557,"name":7179,"description":7180,"startYear":2179,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7181,"instruments":7182,"aliases":7183,"sources":7184,"similarGenres":7185,"subGenres":7186,"parentGenres":7187,"contributors":7188},"8c159dbf-68ce-42c3-b282-bdd670529137","Apala","Apala is a Yoruba percussion-based genre from southwestern Nigeria that developed in the mid-20th century, originally used to wake Muslim faithful during Ramadan. It features talking drums, agidigbo, bell patterns, and praise-singing vocals, popularised by artists such as Haruna Ishola.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7190,"authorId":1557,"name":7191,"description":7192,"startYear":1991,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7193,"instruments":7194,"aliases":7195,"sources":7196,"similarGenres":7197,"subGenres":7198,"parentGenres":7199,"contributors":7200},"8930d282-0b1a-4998-9eec-becd64ae01e2","J-Rock","J-rock (Japanese rock) encompasses the wide range of rock music produced in Japan, from the Group Sounds movement of the 1960s through 1980s–90s acts like X Japan, B'z, and BUCK-TICK, to 2000s alternative rock acts like Asian Kung-Fu Generation and ONE OK ROCK.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7202,"authorId":1557,"name":7203,"description":7204,"startYear":1828,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7205,"instruments":7206,"aliases":7207,"sources":7208,"similarGenres":7209,"subGenres":7210,"parentGenres":7211,"contributors":7212},"a182b2f5-ba45-43ac-b3e1-bf0721ec35de","Hiplife","A Ghanaian genre fusing highlife melodies with hip hop beats and Twi-language rap, pioneered by Reggie Rockstone in the mid-1990s. It redefined Ghanaian pop and laid groundwork for contemporary Afrobeats.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7214,"authorId":1557,"name":7215,"description":7216,"startYear":4839,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7217,"instruments":7218,"aliases":7219,"sources":7220,"similarGenres":7221,"subGenres":7222,"parentGenres":7223,"contributors":7224},"05f85b24-9d50-4f81-be60-bf11eae5a941","Rocksteady","Rocksteady is a Jamaican genre that bridged ska and reggae from roughly 1966 to 1968, slowing the tempo, reducing the horn section, and foregrounding vocal harmony groups and prominent electric bass lines. Its short golden era produced a canon of love songs and rude-boy anthems that shaped later Jamaican music.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7226,"authorId":1557,"name":7227,"description":7228,"startYear":1878,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7229,"instruments":7230,"aliases":7231,"sources":7232,"similarGenres":7233,"subGenres":7234,"parentGenres":7235,"contributors":7236},"607966c2-5103-4e10-a37e-bf1b46f41b07","Krautrock","Krautrock was a West German experimental rock movement rejecting Anglo-American conventions in favour of motorik rhythms, long improvised passages, and electronic textures. Can, Kraftwerk, Neu!, Faust, and Tangerine Dream were its central acts, and its influence on post-punk, electronic music, and ambient was enormous.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7238,"authorId":1557,"name":7239,"description":7240,"startYear":1891,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7241,"instruments":7242,"aliases":7243,"sources":7244,"similarGenres":7245,"subGenres":7246,"parentGenres":7247,"contributors":7248},"f55ed547-4637-4a07-80ed-c0868cd35a57","Kizomba","Kizomba is a partner dance music that emerged in Angola in the 1980s, growing out of semba and influenced by Cape Verdean coladeira and Caribbean zouk. It is characterized by slow, sensual tempos, syncopated electronic percussion, and romantic Portuguese-language vocals, and has become popular across Lusophone Africa and Europe.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7250,"authorId":1557,"name":7251,"description":7252,"startYear":1878,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7253,"instruments":7254,"aliases":7255,"sources":7256,"similarGenres":7257,"subGenres":7258,"parentGenres":7259,"contributors":7260},"ad6909e9-0cab-4504-b0c1-c0f28f35a776","Reggae","Reggae is a Jamaican genre that crystallized around 1968 out of ska and rocksteady, marked by a relaxed tempo, one-drop drumming, and off-beat guitar and keyboard skanks. Strongly associated with Rastafari, it became a global music through artists like Bob Marley and a vehicle for social and spiritual commentary.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7262,"authorId":1557,"name":7263,"description":7264,"startYear":2692,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7265,"instruments":7266,"aliases":7267,"sources":7268,"similarGenres":7269,"subGenres":7270,"parentGenres":7271,"contributors":7272},"bfe46531-3072-42a5-8773-c0f8ded14feb","Cumbia Colombiana","Colombian cumbia rooted in gaita flutes, drums, and coast-born circular dance rhythms.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7274,"authorId":1557,"name":7275,"description":7276,"startYear":1575,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7277,"instruments":7278,"aliases":7279,"sources":7280,"similarGenres":7281,"subGenres":7282,"parentGenres":7283,"contributors":7284},"355210ce-065c-4e8c-8700-c2a972c4ae25","Ohangla","A fast, drum-driven dance style from the Luo community of western Kenya, built around the ohangla drum ensemble and electric guitars, with call-and-response vocals. It has become a pillar of Kenyan popular music.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7286,"authorId":1557,"name":7287,"description":7288,"startYear":2078,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7289,"instruments":7290,"aliases":7291,"sources":7292,"similarGenres":7293,"subGenres":7294,"parentGenres":7295,"contributors":7296},"a176d82d-7c55-4829-9153-c3086f3b4f2b","Marinera","Peruvian couple dance music with elegant phrasing, guitar or band backing, and flirtatious choreography.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7298,"authorId":1557,"name":7299,"description":7300,"startYear":3100,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7301,"instruments":7302,"aliases":7303,"sources":7304,"similarGenres":7305,"subGenres":7306,"parentGenres":7307,"contributors":7308},"78defbd4-11e6-40f4-a4e2-c35e809154c7","Milonga","Rio de la Plata song and dance form that helped shape tango through guitar rhythm and poetic lyrics.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7310,"authorId":1557,"name":7311,"description":7312,"startYear":1600,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7313,"instruments":7314,"aliases":7315,"sources":7316,"similarGenres":7317,"subGenres":7318,"parentGenres":7319,"contributors":7320},"f122e9be-5414-40e4-850d-c39a02adad29","Luhya Omutibo","A Kenyan finger-style acoustic guitar tradition developed by Luhya musicians, characterized by syncopated two-guitar interplay and sung storytelling. Pioneered by artists like George Mukabi, it laid the groundwork for later benga.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7322,"authorId":1557,"name":7323,"description":7324,"startYear":1790,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7325,"instruments":7326,"aliases":7327,"sources":7328,"similarGenres":7329,"subGenres":7330,"parentGenres":7331,"contributors":7332},"2e08be9d-ea13-4d76-b5f7-c53db156307a","Burger Highlife","Burger highlife is a Ghanaian diaspora offshoot of highlife that developed in the 1980s among musicians who had relocated to Germany (Hamburg in particular, hence 'Burger'). It blends traditional highlife melodies with synthesizers, drum machines, funk, and disco, producing a slicker, dancefloor-oriented sound.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7334,"authorId":1557,"name":7335,"description":7336,"startYear":1828,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":7337,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7338,"instruments":7339,"aliases":7340,"sources":7341,"similarGenres":7342,"subGenres":7343,"parentGenres":7344,"contributors":7345},"9203f6c3-9bba-46c9-9861-c554368e59ba","Turbo-Folk","Turbo-folk is a Serbian popular music style that emerged in the late 1980s and peaked in the 1990s, fusing Balkan folk melodies and vocal ornamentation with electronic dance-pop production, synthesizers, and drum machines. It became a dominant commercial genre across the former Yugoslavia and remains closely tied to Serbian nightlife culture.","Turbo-folk is politically contested due to its association with Serbian nationalism and the Milošević era, and critics have linked it to media propaganda and war-profiteering culture during the 1990s.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7347,"authorId":1557,"name":7348,"description":7349,"startYear":1928,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7350,"instruments":7351,"aliases":7352,"sources":7353,"similarGenres":7354,"subGenres":7355,"parentGenres":7356,"contributors":7357},"98cf38eb-dffa-4076-bedc-c5a441256c42","Balkan Folk","Balkan folk encompasses the traditional musics of southeastern Europe, known for asymmetric meters (7\u002F8, 9\u002F8, 11\u002F8), dense vocal harmonies, and regional instruments such as the gaida, kaval, tambura, and accordion. Styles vary sharply between Bulgarian, Serbian, Macedonian, Albanian, Romanian, and Greek traditions, each tied to specific dances and ritual contexts.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7359,"authorId":5226,"name":7360,"description":7361,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7362,"instruments":7363,"aliases":7364,"sources":7365,"similarGenres":7366,"subGenres":7367,"parentGenres":7368,"contributors":7369},"4ba66f70-109f-4f07-a18a-c64202f2f67d","Dhaanto","An ancient nomadic camel-herding dance and song style. It relies heavily on heavy, driving rhythmic foot-stamping and handclapping and shares strong rhythmic similarities with reggae and dub",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7371,"authorId":1557,"name":7372,"description":7373,"startYear":2029,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":7374,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7375,"instruments":7376,"aliases":7377,"sources":7378,"similarGenres":7379,"subGenres":7380,"parentGenres":7381,"contributors":7382},"ca549f78-1a89-4d54-971a-c676443cb361","Palo","A Dominican Afro-Creole religious drumming tradition used in folk Catholic rituals to saints and ancestors. Palos drums of different sizes are played with call-and-response singing during velaciones and festivities.","Integral to Afro-Dominican folk religion; ceremonial contexts require culturally informed treatment.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7384,"authorId":1557,"name":7385,"description":7386,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7387,"instruments":7388,"aliases":7389,"sources":7390,"similarGenres":7391,"subGenres":7392,"parentGenres":7393,"contributors":7394},"a979d8f0-c176-4703-a33e-c81ca1240b10","Ogene","An Igbo percussion-based folk music from southeastern Nigeria, centered on the ogene metal gong ensemble. It is used for storytelling, celebrations, and community announcements and has modern popular-music offshoots.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7396,"authorId":1557,"name":7397,"description":7398,"startYear":1828,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7399,"instruments":7400,"aliases":7401,"sources":7402,"similarGenres":7403,"subGenres":7404,"parentGenres":7405,"contributors":7406},"fcede53c-7ccd-4b9d-9f7c-c822e68566f9","Bongo Flava","Tanzania's homegrown hip hop and R&B hybrid, sung primarily in Swahili over beats that blend US rap production with taarab, dancehall, and bongo. It dominates East African charts and radio.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7408,"authorId":1557,"name":7409,"description":7410,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7411,"instruments":7412,"aliases":7413,"sources":7414,"similarGenres":7415,"subGenres":7416,"parentGenres":7417,"contributors":7418},"32357d14-bcc0-4f8c-87f8-c8e0cea4701c","Nisiotika","Folk music of the Greek islands, particularly the Aegean, featuring lyra, laouto, and violin. Repertoire includes lively dances like syrtos and ballos sung at weddings and festivals.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7420,"authorId":1557,"name":7421,"description":7422,"startYear":2815,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7423,"instruments":7424,"aliases":7425,"sources":7426,"similarGenres":7427,"subGenres":7428,"parentGenres":7429,"contributors":7430},"e6ac70e1-d6e5-4aed-aa32-c9948ac164ed","City Pop","City pop was a Japanese urban pop style from the late 1970s to early 1990s, characterised by polished production, sophisticated chord voicings, funk and R&B influences, and aspirational imagery of modern consumer life. Tatsuro Yamashita, Mariya Takeuchi, and Anri were its leading artists, and it experienced a major global streaming revival in the 2010s.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7432,"authorId":1557,"name":7433,"description":7434,"startYear":1878,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7435,"instruments":7436,"aliases":7437,"sources":7438,"similarGenres":7439,"subGenres":7440,"parentGenres":7441,"contributors":7442},"86b5cbe7-93aa-44d6-b679-c997ae7f53e0","Heavy Metal","Heavy metal evolved from hard rock and blues-rock in the late 1960s, pioneered by Black Sabbath, Led Zeppelin, and Deep Purple with loud, distorted guitars, powerful drumming, and amplified bass. Its many subgenres — glam, thrash, death, black, doom — have given it a durable global following across five decades.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7444,"authorId":1557,"name":7445,"description":7446,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7447,"instruments":7448,"aliases":7449,"sources":7450,"similarGenres":7451,"subGenres":7452,"parentGenres":7453,"contributors":7454},"9d2e8138-9071-4882-8242-c9ba0568cce2","Tambora Dominicana","Dominican drum-and-dance music using tambora, guira, and call-and-response vocals.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7456,"authorId":1557,"name":7457,"description":7458,"startYear":2530,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7459,"instruments":7460,"aliases":7461,"sources":7462,"similarGenres":7463,"subGenres":7464,"parentGenres":7465,"contributors":7466},"3547e831-3fed-4ab8-b44a-ca1187011422","Big Beat","Big beat blended breakbeats and hip-hop samples with distorted guitars and rock energy, peaking in the UK in the late 1990s via Chemical Brothers, Fatboy Slim, Prodigy, and the Wall of Sound label. Its crossover appeal made it one of the decade's best-selling dance styles.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7468,"authorId":1557,"name":7469,"description":7470,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7471,"instruments":7472,"aliases":7473,"sources":7474,"similarGenres":7475,"subGenres":7476,"parentGenres":7477,"contributors":7478},"6dd71df1-b079-4135-bbfa-ca67cd6e4332","Bandari","A coastal Iranian popular-folk music from the Persian Gulf region blending Arab, African, and Iranian influences over brisk 6\u002F8 rhythms. Featuring ney anban bagpipes and tumbak drums, it is dance-oriented and pan-Gulf in spirit.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7480,"authorId":1557,"name":7481,"description":7482,"startYear":1878,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7483,"instruments":7484,"aliases":7485,"sources":7486,"similarGenres":7487,"subGenres":7488,"parentGenres":7489,"contributors":7490},"b6cb1466-0468-43c9-99df-ca7722b6041c","Spouge","A Barbadian popular music created by Jackie Opel, combining Jamaican ska with Trinidadian calypso rhythms. It enjoyed local prominence in the late 1960s and 70s before declining in favor of soca.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7492,"authorId":1557,"name":7493,"description":7494,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":7495,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7496,"instruments":7497,"aliases":7498,"sources":7499,"similarGenres":7500,"subGenres":7501,"parentGenres":7502,"contributors":7503},"b5f3cf54-903e-43f9-8249-ca8f6934d1a9","Gumbe","A West African frame-drum music and dance with roots among Maroon communities in Sierra Leone and Jamaica, later thriving in Guinea-Bissau. It blends African rhythms with Afro-Caribbean influences in a syncopated communal style.","Gumbe originated among formerly enslaved Maroons and carries histories of displacement and resistance.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7505,"authorId":1557,"name":7506,"description":7507,"startYear":1828,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":7508,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7509,"instruments":7510,"aliases":7511,"sources":7512,"similarGenres":7513,"subGenres":7514,"parentGenres":7515,"contributors":7516},"1d5fd68a-0cc9-4d9e-a684-caa5b6c7c8de","Manele","Romanian pop-folk style mixing lautareasca influence, synth production, and urban party themes.","Manele is frequently stigmatized in Romanian mainstream media due to its Romani associations, reflecting broader prejudices against Roma communities.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7518,"authorId":1557,"name":7519,"description":7520,"startYear":1865,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7521,"instruments":7522,"aliases":7523,"sources":7524,"similarGenres":7525,"subGenres":7526,"parentGenres":7527,"contributors":7528},"38e42f34-60de-4196-814e-cae344deb06d","Bubblegum Soukous","A fast, danceable variant of Congolese soukous emphasizing bright synthesizers and sebene guitar breaks aimed at the 1980s African pop market. It was popularized by Kinshasa-based bands touring East and West Africa.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7530,"authorId":1557,"name":7531,"description":7532,"startYear":1928,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7533,"instruments":7534,"aliases":7535,"sources":7536,"similarGenres":7537,"subGenres":7538,"parentGenres":7539,"contributors":7540},"f5916ed1-6760-4926-a63c-cbdcf741d17c","Min'yo","The broad tradition of Japanese folk song, regionally varied and often sung to shamisen, shakuhachi and taiko accompaniment. Work songs, festival songs and lullabies form its core repertoire.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7542,"authorId":1557,"name":7543,"description":7544,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":7545,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7546,"instruments":7547,"aliases":7548,"sources":7549,"similarGenres":7550,"subGenres":7551,"parentGenres":7552,"contributors":7553},"93bb61a8-4ca9-4622-920a-ccb20609c55a","Gnawa","A spiritual music and healing ritual tradition of Sub-Saharan-descended communities in Morocco, built on the three-stringed guembri bass lute and iron qraqeb castanets. Ceremonies blend Islamic Sufi elements with pre-Islamic trance practices.","Gnawa music is rooted in the legacy of trans-Saharan enslavement, and its sacred lila ceremonies are sometimes commercialized in ways community members contest.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7555,"authorId":1557,"name":7556,"description":7557,"startYear":3036,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7558,"instruments":7559,"aliases":7560,"sources":7561,"similarGenres":7562,"subGenres":7563,"parentGenres":7564,"contributors":7565},"6ae3fc2f-5f1b-4900-8a5e-ccf496d23e92","K-Pop","K-Pop is South Korean popular music that took its modern idol-group form in the 1990s and became a global phenomenon in the 2010s. It blends pop, hip hop, R&B, and EDM with highly produced visuals, synchronized choreography, and structured fandom culture.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7567,"authorId":1557,"name":7568,"description":7569,"startYear":1727,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7570,"instruments":7571,"aliases":7572,"sources":7573,"similarGenres":7574,"subGenres":7575,"parentGenres":7576,"contributors":7577},"deb44c0c-ce4b-496c-874f-cd1fbd5211af","Dondang Sayang","A traditional Malay poetic singing form from Malacca, featuring exchanges of pantun quatrains over violin, rebana, gong, and accordion. It is performed at weddings and social gatherings and was inscribed on UNESCO's Intangible Heritage list in 2018.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7579,"authorId":1557,"name":7580,"description":7581,"startYear":4372,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7582,"instruments":7583,"aliases":7584,"sources":7585,"similarGenres":7586,"subGenres":7587,"parentGenres":7588,"contributors":7589},"ddbcde5f-5eca-493c-a10b-cdb51f54c495","Hyperpop","Hyperpop emerged from London's PC Music label and surrounding online communities, pushing pop production to extremes — heavily pitch-shifted vocals, distorted 808 beats, maximalist sound design, and internet-era aesthetics. 100 gecs, Charli XCX, and SOPHIE brought it to mainstream attention.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7591,"authorId":1557,"name":7592,"description":7593,"startYear":2078,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7594,"instruments":7595,"aliases":7596,"sources":7597,"similarGenres":7598,"subGenres":7599,"parentGenres":7600,"contributors":7601},"cfb028d4-07a2-4898-80ed-cdc5a3df1e39","Kroncong","An Indonesian popular music of Portuguese-derived origin featuring a small ensemble with ukulele-like cuk and cak, violin, flute, and cello playing interlocking patterns. Its sentimental songs are a staple of nostalgic Indonesian repertoire.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7603,"authorId":1557,"name":7604,"description":7605,"startYear":3877,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7606,"instruments":7607,"aliases":7608,"sources":7609,"similarGenres":7610,"subGenres":7611,"parentGenres":7612,"contributors":7613},"32c2f525-58eb-444c-b500-ce641a838a18","Bouyon","A Dominican genre developed by the group WCK that fuses cadence-lypso, jing ping, zouk and dancehall into an up-tempo electronic dance sound. It has spread widely across the Eastern Caribbean.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7615,"authorId":1557,"name":7616,"description":7617,"startYear":5290,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7618,"instruments":7619,"aliases":7620,"sources":7621,"similarGenres":7622,"subGenres":7623,"parentGenres":7624,"contributors":7625},"a39030ab-3651-4e9a-844b-ce8ad45d9524","Tropicalismo","A short-lived but enormously influential Brazilian art movement of the late 1960s, mixing samba, bossa nova, psychedelic rock, and avant-garde poetry. Led by Caetano Veloso, Gilberto Gil, and Os Mutantes, it directly challenged Brazil's military dictatorship.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7627,"authorId":1557,"name":7628,"description":7629,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7630,"instruments":7631,"aliases":7632,"sources":7633,"similarGenres":7634,"subGenres":7635,"parentGenres":7636,"contributors":7637},"2ac75553-0c2d-4e67-af6b-ceae5a7f2751","Quan Ho","Northern Vietnamese antiphonal love-song tradition sung by alternating male and female groups.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7639,"authorId":1557,"name":7640,"description":7641,"startYear":3387,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7642,"instruments":7643,"aliases":7644,"sources":7645,"similarGenres":7646,"subGenres":7647,"parentGenres":7648,"contributors":7649},"7c3d9478-f9e6-47da-b3c9-cf009a3ff111","Progressive Trance","Progressive trance developed in the mid-1990s from progressive house and European trance, defined by long gradual builds, layered synthesiser arpeggios, and euphoric releases. BT, Sasha, and labels like Platipus and Hooj Choons shaped its evolution, and it became one of the biggest festival sounds of the late 1990s.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7651,"authorId":1557,"name":7652,"description":7653,"startYear":1891,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7654,"instruments":7655,"aliases":7656,"sources":7657,"similarGenres":7658,"subGenres":7659,"parentGenres":7660,"contributors":7661},"5e4539a9-ed99-4437-bc49-cf026048f324","Bleep Techno","Bleep techno originated in Sheffield and Leeds around 1989, featuring stark synthesised basslines, sparse percussion, and ascending high-pitched synth tones. Warp Records' early releases by LFO and Forgemasters defined this distinctly northern English take on electronic dance music.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7663,"authorId":1557,"name":7664,"description":7665,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7666,"instruments":7667,"aliases":7668,"sources":7669,"similarGenres":7670,"subGenres":7671,"parentGenres":7672,"contributors":7673},"41a40974-9683-40b1-b2cb-cf33012cebd2","Nanchang Folk Opera","Regional opera from Jiangxi combining stylized singing, percussion cues, and staged drama.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7675,"authorId":1557,"name":7676,"description":7677,"startYear":2692,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":7678,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7679,"instruments":7680,"aliases":7681,"sources":7682,"similarGenres":7683,"subGenres":7684,"parentGenres":7685,"contributors":7686},"c044394b-7c22-40f9-9acf-cf616401f8bf","Nyabinghi","A Rastafarian ceremonial drumming and chanting tradition from Jamaica, using bass, funde, and repeater drums. Its meditative grooves helped shape the rhythmic foundation of reggae.","Sacred Rastafari religious music whose ceremonial use is tied to spiritual practice and community ritual.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7688,"authorId":1557,"name":7689,"description":7690,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7691,"instruments":7692,"aliases":7693,"sources":7694,"similarGenres":7695,"subGenres":7696,"parentGenres":7697,"contributors":7698},"27362dcc-34d6-4bf1-8320-cf6aa3965e64","Mbira-Pop","A contemporary Zimbabwean popular genre that fuses the polyrhythmic lamellophone patterns and tonal qualities of the mbira dzavadzimu with modern production, electric bass, and Afropop song structures. Artists in this style bridge ancestral Shona musical heritage with mainstream commercial formats, seeking to honor spiritual and ceremonial roots while reaching wider audiences. The genre is associated with a broader movement to make traditional Zimbabwean sound relevant to younger generations.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7700,"authorId":1557,"name":7701,"description":7702,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7703,"instruments":7704,"aliases":7705,"sources":7706,"similarGenres":7707,"subGenres":7708,"parentGenres":7709,"contributors":7710},"2635d2fe-58e5-484f-b077-cfdfa265efda","Cante Alentejano","A polyphonic a cappella singing tradition from the Alentejo region of southern Portugal, performed by male choirs. Recognized by UNESCO in 2014, its slow, stately harmonies evoke rural labor life.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7712,"authorId":1557,"name":7713,"description":7714,"startYear":1891,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7715,"instruments":7716,"aliases":7717,"sources":7718,"similarGenres":7719,"subGenres":7720,"parentGenres":7721,"contributors":7722},"7011d9cd-ca8c-40db-9cbb-cff96caa4be9","Afro-Juju","A Nigerian fusion created by Sir Shina Peters that merged juju's guitar layers with funk, disco, and fuji rhythms to appeal to 1990s urban audiences. Its energetic dance feel briefly dominated Nigerian pop.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7724,"authorId":1557,"name":7725,"description":7726,"startYear":3324,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7727,"instruments":7728,"aliases":7729,"sources":7730,"similarGenres":7731,"subGenres":7732,"parentGenres":7733,"contributors":7734},"51e2bb79-d747-4727-b6d4-d02484a6aa7f","Changa Tuki","A Venezuelan hyperfast electronic dance genre born in the Caracas barrios, fusing tribal house rhythms with raca-raca synth stabs and reggaeton swagger. DJ Baba and DJ Yirvin are among its pioneers.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7736,"authorId":1557,"name":7737,"description":7738,"startYear":1702,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7739,"instruments":7740,"aliases":7741,"sources":7742,"similarGenres":7743,"subGenres":7744,"parentGenres":7745,"contributors":7746},"78f19407-f5d6-4982-86c9-d081f77ff74d","Boogaloo (Latin Boogaloo)","Latin boogaloo emerged in New York City in the mid-1960s among young Puerto Rican and Cuban musicians, fusing son montuno and mambo with R&B, soul, and doo-wop. Typically bilingual, it features piano montunos, hand-clap breaks, and call-and-response shouts, and was briefly hugely popular before being eclipsed by salsa.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7748,"authorId":1557,"name":7749,"description":7750,"startYear":2692,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7751,"instruments":7752,"aliases":7753,"sources":7754,"similarGenres":7755,"subGenres":7756,"parentGenres":7757,"contributors":7758},"388bb47a-e6ff-480d-a2ff-d30d2eeb9b2b","Were Music","Yoruba Ramadan wake-up music built on frame drums, chant, and devotional street performance.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7760,"authorId":1557,"name":7761,"description":7762,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7763,"instruments":7764,"aliases":7765,"sources":7766,"similarGenres":7767,"subGenres":7768,"parentGenres":7769,"contributors":7770},"75eadb3e-fa96-47f0-9c02-d359d3c3e730","Kantrum","A fast dance music of the Khmer-speaking people of northeastern Thailand and Cambodia, built on driving drums, fiddle, and wailing vocals. Darkie popularized an electrified form for national audiences in the 1990s.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7772,"authorId":1557,"name":7773,"description":7774,"startYear":1991,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7775,"instruments":7776,"aliases":7777,"sources":7778,"similarGenres":7779,"subGenres":7780,"parentGenres":7781,"contributors":7782},"05a282e9-ece2-4d77-b078-d3f19d73f64e","Muziki wa Dansi","Tanzanian dance-band music that blended Congolese rumba with Swahili lyrics and local rhythms, anchored by horn sections and twin electric guitars. It was the soundtrack of post-independence Tanzania.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7784,"authorId":1557,"name":7785,"description":7786,"startYear":1828,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7787,"instruments":7788,"aliases":7789,"sources":7790,"similarGenres":7791,"subGenres":7792,"parentGenres":7793,"contributors":7794},"14c2ec87-d749-4559-b746-d42af148fe24","Breakbeat Hardcore","Breakbeat hardcore dominated UK raves in 1990–1992, combining sped-up sampled breakbeats with hooky piano riffs, pitched-up vocal samples, and heavyweight bass drops. It spawned jungle, drum and bass, and happy hardcore, making it arguably the most generative UK dance genre ever.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7796,"authorId":1557,"name":7797,"description":7798,"startYear":1689,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7799,"instruments":7800,"aliases":7801,"sources":7802,"similarGenres":7803,"subGenres":7804,"parentGenres":7805,"contributors":7806},"43766656-f5f1-4f61-9d90-d47207d6eab6","Dangdut","Dangdut is a popular genre from Indonesia that developed in the 1970s, fusing Malay orkes melayu, Hindi film music and Arabic influences with rock and pop. Its signature is the syncopated tabla-like gendang pattern (from which its onomatopoeic name comes), paired with melismatic vocals, flute and electric guitar.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7808,"authorId":1557,"name":7809,"description":7810,"startYear":1828,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7811,"instruments":7812,"aliases":7813,"sources":7814,"similarGenres":7815,"subGenres":7816,"parentGenres":7817,"contributors":7818},"b5c44f35-31fd-4825-b6ad-d4e4a7695238","J-Pop","Japanese pop marked by polished production, strong melodies, and idol, rock, and electronic influences.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7820,"authorId":1557,"name":7821,"description":7822,"startYear":1928,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7823,"instruments":7824,"aliases":7825,"sources":7826,"similarGenres":7827,"subGenres":7828,"parentGenres":7829,"contributors":7830},"b1cf3b63-f798-425d-9096-d4e9750adf98","Festejo","Afro-Peruvian dance music powered by cajon, response singing, and celebratory rhythmic drive.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7832,"authorId":1557,"name":7833,"description":7834,"startYear":1575,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7835,"instruments":7836,"aliases":7837,"sources":7838,"similarGenres":7839,"subGenres":7840,"parentGenres":7841,"contributors":7842},"068348da-0ec0-48a5-bae5-d5b43fa560d7","Wassoulou","A music of southern Mali associated with women singers and the hunter traditions of the Wassoulou region. It typically features the kamele n'goni harp, calabash percussion, and themes of love, youth, and social commentary.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7844,"authorId":1557,"name":7845,"description":7846,"startYear":6551,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7847,"instruments":7848,"aliases":7849,"sources":7850,"similarGenres":7851,"subGenres":7852,"parentGenres":7853,"contributors":7854},"74aa94e4-3797-4ced-b52b-d5f75c348233","Cantopop","Cantopop is Cantonese-language popular music centred on Hong Kong, which rose to dominance in the 1970s and peaked commercially in the 1980s and 90s. It draws on Western pop, rock, and R&B arrangements while foregrounding melodic vocal delivery and lyrics in Cantonese, and has shaped pop culture across Hong Kong, Guangdong, and Cantonese diasporas.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7856,"authorId":1557,"name":7857,"description":7858,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7859,"instruments":7860,"aliases":7861,"sources":7862,"similarGenres":7863,"subGenres":7864,"parentGenres":7865,"contributors":7866},"0b986e42-5e75-48d2-89c9-d6baf39e3b28","Amanes","Greek and Ottoman lament singing in free rhythm, shaped by makam modes, melisma, and expressive improvisation.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7868,"authorId":1557,"name":7869,"description":7870,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7871,"instruments":7872,"aliases":7873,"sources":7874,"similarGenres":7875,"subGenres":7876,"parentGenres":7877,"contributors":7878},"d42acfec-eb6a-4979-9b04-d6cb47432548","Gorale Music","Highland folk music of the Polish Tatra mountains, featuring distinctive vocal ornamentation and ensembles of fiddles and bass. Performed at weddings and shepherd festivals in the Podhale region.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7880,"authorId":1557,"name":7881,"description":7882,"startYear":3877,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7883,"instruments":7884,"aliases":7885,"sources":7886,"similarGenres":7887,"subGenres":7888,"parentGenres":7889,"contributors":7890},"0977e5a2-f1d9-4e85-8c9f-d6f6fb2656d9","Rave","UK rave culture and its acid-house, techno, and breakbeat soundtrack exploded in 1988–1992 across illegal warehouse parties, seeding almost every subsequent UK dance genre. The second summer of love made rave a mass phenomenon that transformed British youth culture.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7892,"authorId":1557,"name":7893,"description":7894,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7895,"instruments":7896,"aliases":7897,"sources":7898,"similarGenres":7899,"subGenres":7900,"parentGenres":7901,"contributors":7902},"b5f517bf-4307-4928-9b18-d6f77107b844","Ojapali","A traditional Assamese performance art combining narrative singing, dance, and dramatic gestures led by an oja (leader) accompanied by palis (chorus) playing cymbals. It blends devotional and secular stories from Hindu epics.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7904,"authorId":1557,"name":7905,"description":7906,"startYear":7907,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7908,"instruments":7909,"aliases":7910,"sources":7911,"similarGenres":7912,"subGenres":7913,"parentGenres":7914,"contributors":7915},"2df7c6d4-06ff-4aa6-99f3-d71702f6cc62","Black Metal","Black metal emerged in the early 1980s with Venom and Bathory, crystallising in 1990s Norway into a deliberately primitive, atmospheric style with tremolo-picked guitars, blast beats, shrieked vocals, and lo-fi production. Mayhem, Burzum, Darkthrone, and Emperor are its canonical acts.",1982,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7917,"authorId":1557,"name":7918,"description":7919,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7920,"instruments":7921,"aliases":7922,"sources":7923,"similarGenres":7924,"subGenres":7925,"parentGenres":7926,"contributors":7927},"c3959ed0-0f30-42ef-9a7e-d7d74ec28b73","Mwanzele","A Mijikenda coastal genre from southeastern Kenya driven by drums, shakers, and call-and-response vocals in Giriama and Kamba languages. It accompanies community dances and has influenced modern Kenyan pop.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7929,"authorId":1557,"name":7930,"description":7931,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7932,"instruments":7933,"aliases":7934,"sources":7935,"similarGenres":7936,"subGenres":7937,"parentGenres":7938,"contributors":7939},"e38854d0-388b-4ff7-ae31-d7eaac69f442","Canto a lo Poeta","Chilean sung poetry tradition using guitar, payador verse, and religious or improvised poetic texts.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7941,"authorId":1557,"name":7942,"description":7943,"startYear":2616,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7944,"instruments":7945,"aliases":7946,"sources":7947,"similarGenres":7948,"subGenres":7949,"parentGenres":7950,"contributors":7951},"373d5a75-d451-45fe-9ca5-d81511188c12","K-Hip-Hop","K-hip-hop (Korean hip-hop) developed from imported American styles in the early 1990s and gradually forged a distinct Korean identity, addressing social issues and cultural identity. Artists like Jay Park, Epik High, and the SMTM franchise elevated it, and the genre now coexists with and influences K-pop.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7953,"authorId":1557,"name":7954,"description":7955,"startYear":3890,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7956,"instruments":7957,"aliases":7958,"sources":7959,"similarGenres":7960,"subGenres":7961,"parentGenres":7962,"contributors":7963},"046396a5-49e6-4365-a59a-d86e7243211c","Modinha","A sentimental Luso-Brazilian song form of the late 18th and 19th centuries, performed in parlors with voice and guitar or piano. Its lyrical, romantic style influenced later Brazilian popular song and Portuguese fado.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7965,"authorId":1557,"name":7966,"description":7967,"startYear":6417,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7968,"instruments":7969,"aliases":7970,"sources":7971,"similarGenres":7972,"subGenres":7973,"parentGenres":7974,"contributors":7975},"c4b46991-9ce3-46d7-b95a-d99dfeda83cc","Trap Metal","Trap Metal is a late-2010s hybrid that overlays trap drum programming and vocal cadences with distorted guitars, screamed vocals, and aggressive textures drawn from nu-metal, hardcore, and industrial. It emerged from SoundCloud-era rap, with artists such as City Morgue, Scarlxrd, and Ghostemane shaping its sound. Tracks typically alternate between rapped verses and heavy, abrasive choruses.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7977,"authorId":1557,"name":7978,"description":7979,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7980,"instruments":7981,"aliases":7982,"sources":7983,"similarGenres":7984,"subGenres":7985,"parentGenres":7986,"contributors":7987},"4194c816-69e7-4faf-a907-d9a57f6544ee","Takamba","A Songhai-Tuareg dance music of the Niger Bend region built around the tehardent lute and hand percussion. Its loping rhythm accompanies shoulder-led social dancing at weddings and celebrations.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":7989,"authorId":1557,"name":7990,"description":7991,"startYear":1865,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":7992,"instruments":7993,"aliases":7994,"sources":7995,"similarGenres":7996,"subGenres":7997,"parentGenres":7998,"contributors":7999},"96c08514-8474-49e6-b9b5-db3d4cd3c96c","Emo","Emo (emotional hardcore) evolved from Washington DC's hardcore punk scene in the mid-1980s, emphasising confessional, emotionally intense lyrics. It moved from underground (Sunny Day Real Estate, Jawbreaker) to 2000s pop-punk mainstream via My Chemical Romance and Fall Out Boy.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8001,"authorId":1557,"name":8002,"description":8003,"startYear":1664,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8004,"instruments":8005,"aliases":8006,"sources":8007,"similarGenres":8008,"subGenres":8009,"parentGenres":8010,"contributors":8011},"d84c1cfc-1919-4775-b3d4-db661364b807","Thrash Metal","Thrash metal emerged in the early 1980s US, combining heavy metal's guitar riffing with hardcore punk's speed and aggression. Metallica, Slayer, Megadeth, and Anthrax — the 'Big Four' — defined it, and it influenced every subsequent extreme metal style.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8013,"authorId":1557,"name":8014,"description":8015,"startYear":2339,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8016,"instruments":8017,"aliases":8018,"sources":8019,"similarGenres":8020,"subGenres":8021,"parentGenres":8022,"contributors":8023},"3797aab1-3d14-4393-a2f1-db8d1bff224c","Chutney Music","A genre developed by Indo-Caribbean communities, blending Bhojpuri folk traditions with Caribbean rhythms. It features fast tempos, call-and-response vocals, and themes drawn from Hindu weddings and village life.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8025,"authorId":1557,"name":8026,"description":8027,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8028,"instruments":8029,"aliases":8030,"sources":8031,"similarGenres":8032,"subGenres":8033,"parentGenres":8034,"contributors":8035},"99f09d28-2871-4004-8489-dbafd912dad6","Nasheed","Islamic vocal music, traditionally performed a cappella or with percussion, celebrating religious themes. Modern nasheeds often incorporate contemporary production while remaining within Islamic musical guidelines.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8037,"authorId":1557,"name":8038,"description":8039,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":8040,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8041,"instruments":8042,"aliases":8043,"sources":8044,"similarGenres":8045,"subGenres":8046,"parentGenres":8047,"contributors":8048},"64a7d2ce-cf01-480e-899b-dd0cf9037bb3","Lai Haraoba Music","The ritual music accompanying the Meitei Lai Haraoba festival in Manipur, featuring the pena fiddle, langde drums, and ceremonial chants. It honors traditional deities with re-enacted cosmogonic narratives.","Lai Haraoba is sacred to the Meitei people and ties into indigenous religious traditions that require respectful treatment.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8050,"authorId":1557,"name":8051,"description":8052,"startYear":3350,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8053,"instruments":8054,"aliases":8055,"sources":8056,"similarGenres":8057,"subGenres":8058,"parentGenres":8059,"contributors":8060},"a0f667bf-86b9-45d8-8753-dde7a7c6f51f","Axe Music","Bahian carnival pop mixing Afro-Brazilian percussion, reggae, samba, and festive singalong hooks.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8062,"authorId":1557,"name":8063,"description":8064,"startYear":2029,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8065,"instruments":8066,"aliases":8067,"sources":8068,"similarGenres":8069,"subGenres":8070,"parentGenres":8071,"contributors":8072},"ec461a8c-3f7a-4632-8696-dec7018c173e","Musica Criolla","Peruvian musica criolla centered on coastal guitar styles, vals, marinera, and cajon-based rhythm.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8074,"authorId":1557,"name":8075,"description":8076,"startYear":2616,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8077,"instruments":8078,"aliases":8079,"sources":8080,"similarGenres":8081,"subGenres":8082,"parentGenres":8083,"contributors":8084},"75115b77-71d7-484f-8aee-df1241c0ee48","Deutschrap","Deutschrap (German rap) emerged with German-language hip-hop in the early 1990s through Advanced Chemistry and Die Fantastischen Vier, evolving into Germany's dominant pop genre by the 2010s through Capital Bra, Shindy, and Sido.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8086,"authorId":1557,"name":8087,"description":8088,"startYear":1689,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8089,"instruments":8090,"aliases":8091,"sources":8092,"similarGenres":8093,"subGenres":8094,"parentGenres":8095,"contributors":8096},"09cad0d0-a8d9-4514-9a96-df2d5ebe65c0","Ziglibithy","Ivorian popular music pioneered by Ernesto Djedje, combining Bete rhythms, guitar riffs, and dance energy.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8098,"authorId":1557,"name":8099,"description":8100,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8101,"instruments":8102,"aliases":8103,"sources":8104,"similarGenres":8105,"subGenres":8106,"parentGenres":8107,"contributors":8108},"0513946a-ac0c-48d4-9e03-dfa2fcf7b324","Saidi Music","A folk-popular music from Upper Egypt characterized by the mizmar double-reed, tabla baladi, and tahtib stick-dance rhythms. The Musicians of the Nile brought Saidi to global world-music audiences.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8110,"authorId":1557,"name":8111,"description":8112,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8113,"instruments":8114,"aliases":8115,"sources":8116,"similarGenres":8117,"subGenres":8118,"parentGenres":8119,"contributors":8120},"25b4d54f-28e2-47e6-84c9-dfe65e6f76be","Fasil","Ottoman-derived Turkish suite form traditionally performed in meyhanes, featuring classical songs in sequence with kanun, ud, violin, and darbuka. Revolves around gazel vocal improvisations and taksims.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8122,"authorId":1557,"name":8123,"description":8124,"startYear":8125,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8126,"instruments":8127,"aliases":8128,"sources":8129,"similarGenres":8130,"subGenres":8131,"parentGenres":8132,"contributors":8133},"6f7daa51-af52-4c47-a672-e0638d5a4241","Bachata","Dominican guitar music that grew from bolero into a dance style with requinto, bongos, and guira.",1962,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8135,"authorId":1557,"name":8136,"description":8137,"startYear":2692,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8138,"instruments":8139,"aliases":8140,"sources":8141,"similarGenres":8142,"subGenres":8143,"parentGenres":8144,"contributors":8145},"573dccdf-801b-4086-a9e0-e11b3c2e2f4c","Central African Popular Music","Central African popular music centres on the Congolese rumba and soukous traditions that developed in Kinshasa and Brazzaville from the 1940s onward, fusing Cuban son influences with local rhythms and Lingala vocals. It is built around intricate, interlocking electric guitar parts, tight vocal harmonies, and the high-energy sebene dance section, and has shaped pop styles across much of Africa.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8147,"authorId":1557,"name":8148,"description":8149,"startYear":4163,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8150,"instruments":8151,"aliases":8152,"sources":8153,"similarGenres":8154,"subGenres":8155,"parentGenres":8156,"contributors":8157},"0af8deba-ebe3-402c-a747-e130dbe6d4ab","Taarab","Taarab is a Swahili coastal genre associated primarily with Zanzibar and the East African coast, blending Arab, Indian, and Bantu musical elements. Traditional ensembles feature oud, qanun, violin, accordion, and percussion behind a lead singer performing Swahili poetry, often on themes of love and social commentary. It is performed at weddings and public concerts, with large orchestras such as Culture Musical Club and Ikhwani Safaa shaping the modern sound.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8159,"authorId":1557,"name":8160,"description":8161,"startYear":1790,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8162,"instruments":8163,"aliases":8164,"sources":8165,"similarGenres":8166,"subGenres":8167,"parentGenres":8168,"contributors":8169},"8c9d198c-ee4b-4662-b3c4-e1b7d7d6f58f","UK Hip-Hop","UK hip-hop evolved from American imports in the early 1980s into a distinct British identity through the 1990s–2000s underground, with Roots Manuva, Taskforce, and Skinnyman bringing regional voices and class politics. It is the cultural root of grime, UK drill, and the modern British rap mainstream.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8171,"authorId":1557,"name":8172,"description":8173,"startYear":2641,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8174,"instruments":8175,"aliases":8176,"sources":8177,"similarGenres":8178,"subGenres":8179,"parentGenres":8180,"contributors":8181},"9b82b677-58dc-4be1-8a79-e22f0f43569b","Carnatic Classical","South Indian classical music based on raga, tala, improvisation, and virtuosic vocal and instrumental forms.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8183,"authorId":1557,"name":8184,"description":8185,"startYear":2179,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8186,"instruments":8187,"aliases":8188,"sources":8189,"similarGenres":8190,"subGenres":8191,"parentGenres":8192,"contributors":8193},"93b9b73c-37ef-4f51-aca8-e239633f60a6","Ambasse Bey","A Cameroonian coastal folk-guitar music developed by Sawa sailors, blending palm-wine guitar styles with local rhythms. It influenced later makossa bands.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8195,"authorId":1557,"name":8196,"description":8197,"startYear":8198,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8199,"instruments":8200,"aliases":8201,"sources":8202,"similarGenres":8203,"subGenres":8204,"parentGenres":8205,"contributors":8206},"f8ec1bac-bbd1-4d0d-aa44-e32802b72767","Danzon","The official dance of Cuba, developed in Matanzas from the European contradanza and suffused with African rhythm. It became immensely popular in early 20th-century Mexico, especially in Veracruz.",1879,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8208,"authorId":1557,"name":8209,"description":8210,"startYear":1727,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8211,"instruments":8212,"aliases":8213,"sources":8214,"similarGenres":8215,"subGenres":8216,"parentGenres":8217,"contributors":8218},"e88e3a30-ecb6-4758-a64f-e378edf77729","Mugham","Mugham is the classical modal art music of Azerbaijan, built on a system of modes (mugham) and performed by a vocalist (khanende) with tar and kamancha. Combining composed sections with extended improvisation on Sufi and classical poetry, it was proclaimed by UNESCO as a Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8220,"authorId":1557,"name":8221,"description":8222,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":8223,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8224,"instruments":8225,"aliases":8226,"sources":8227,"similarGenres":8228,"subGenres":8229,"parentGenres":8230,"contributors":8231},"87fd7230-0e73-4d9d-a515-e39b8181756c","Maloya","Reunionnais Creole music of African and Malagasy roots, built on percussion, chant, and trance energy.","Maloya arose under slavery and was politically suppressed until the 1970s; it carries deep associations with ancestor ritual.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8233,"authorId":1557,"name":8234,"description":8235,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8236,"instruments":8237,"aliases":8238,"sources":8239,"similarGenres":8240,"subGenres":8241,"parentGenres":8242,"contributors":8243},"3d8748d5-3f30-4d29-9830-e3a45c769bb3","Sabar","A Senegalese Wolof drum tradition centered on an ensemble of tall, hand-and-stick-played sabar drums, accompanying exuberant dances at life-cycle celebrations. Its rhythms became a core foundation for mbalax.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8245,"authorId":1557,"name":8246,"description":8247,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8248,"instruments":8249,"aliases":8250,"sources":8251,"similarGenres":8252,"subGenres":8253,"parentGenres":8254,"contributors":8255},"1f43bb91-2b07-41e0-ae2b-e3c1524e987e","Kirtan","A Sikh and Hindu devotional practice of call-and-response chanting, typically accompanying scriptural verses. Performed communally with harmonium, tabla, and vocal ensembles in temples and gatherings.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8257,"authorId":1557,"name":8258,"description":8259,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":8260,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8261,"instruments":8262,"aliases":8263,"sources":8264,"similarGenres":8265,"subGenres":8266,"parentGenres":8267,"contributors":8268},"41e87919-1269-4f10-b52c-e4891c895e21","Fann at-Tanbura","An Afro-Arab genre of the Gulf and Red Sea coasts built around the tanbura lyre, large drums, and call-and-response singing. Its roots lie in communities of East African heritage in Bahrain, Kuwait, and Saudi Arabia.","The tradition preserves the cultural heritage of communities descended from enslaved East Africans on the Arabian Peninsula.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8270,"authorId":1557,"name":8271,"description":8272,"startYear":2326,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8273,"instruments":8274,"aliases":8275,"sources":8276,"similarGenres":8277,"subGenres":8278,"parentGenres":8279,"contributors":8280},"f10f58bd-580f-455e-a2ae-e49460c356db","Technocumbia","A Peruvian and Ecuadorian popular style combining cumbia rhythms with synthesizer-driven dance-pop production. Stars like Rossy War and Ana Gabriel popularized it across Latin America in the late 1990s.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8282,"authorId":1557,"name":8283,"description":8284,"startYear":2179,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8285,"instruments":8286,"aliases":8287,"sources":8288,"similarGenres":8289,"subGenres":8290,"parentGenres":8291,"contributors":8292},"a73fa5c3-dc02-4877-8eeb-e4c064fec07b","Swing","Swing was the dominant popular music of the USA in the 1930s and early 1940s, played by large orchestras and featuring syncopated rhythms, arranged horn sections, and a driving groove that became a national dance craze. Benny Goodman, Duke Ellington, Count Basie, and Glenn Miller led the swing era.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8294,"authorId":1557,"name":8295,"description":8296,"startYear":8297,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8298,"instruments":8299,"aliases":8300,"sources":8301,"similarGenres":8302,"subGenres":8303,"parentGenres":8304,"contributors":8305},"43270852-e822-45fa-b3f7-e50da2e29664","Cueca","The national couple-dance of Chile (with variants in Bolivia, Peru, and Argentina), based on courtship pantomime with handkerchiefs. It uses 6\u002F8 rhythms with guitar, accordion and tambourine accompaniment.",1820,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8307,"authorId":1557,"name":8308,"description":8309,"startYear":1991,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8310,"instruments":8311,"aliases":8312,"sources":8313,"similarGenres":8314,"subGenres":8315,"parentGenres":8316,"contributors":8317},"5161e7be-a88e-4190-bd0b-e74398269031","Benga","Benga developed among the Luo of western Kenya in the 1960s and 70s, adapting nyatiti and orutu string patterns to electric guitars, bass, and drum kit. It is characterised by fast, interlocking finger-picked guitar lines and prominent, melodic basslines, and became one of Kenya's most influential popular styles.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8319,"authorId":1557,"name":8320,"description":8321,"startYear":1978,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8322,"instruments":8323,"aliases":8324,"sources":8325,"similarGenres":8326,"subGenres":8327,"parentGenres":8328,"contributors":8329},"cc7f10df-aab4-4a5d-a4e4-e77933586189","Kapuka","A Kenyan popular style that fused hip hop, dancehall, and local rhythms, popularized by groups like Kleptomaniax in the early 2000s. It shares roots with Genge but leans more melodic and pop-oriented.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8331,"authorId":1557,"name":8332,"description":8333,"startYear":1600,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8334,"instruments":8335,"aliases":8336,"sources":8337,"similarGenres":8338,"subGenres":8339,"parentGenres":8340,"contributors":8341},"6d4e792e-1f65-4813-8c45-e8298e4a7c69","Zydeco","A Louisiana Creole genre blending French folk songs, blues and R&B, driven by accordion and the frottoir (rubboard). It emerged in the Black Creole communities of southwest Louisiana and is known for energetic dance rhythms.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8343,"authorId":1557,"name":8344,"description":8345,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8346,"instruments":8347,"aliases":8348,"sources":8349,"similarGenres":8350,"subGenres":8351,"parentGenres":8352,"contributors":8353},"6f4c54a1-bb68-4644-b955-e84d2159456f","Tassa Drumming","A high-energy Indo-Caribbean drumming ensemble tradition featuring the tassa kettle drum, bass drum, and jhaal cymbals. It accompanies Muharram commemorations (Hosay), weddings, and festivals in Trinidad and Guyana.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8355,"authorId":1557,"name":8356,"description":8357,"startYear":2504,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8358,"instruments":8359,"aliases":8360,"sources":8361,"similarGenres":8362,"subGenres":8363,"parentGenres":8364,"contributors":8365},"e95c7c1a-2eb5-4de5-be09-e8c443fb7aa2","New Wave","New wave grew from punk into a danceable, keyboard-driven pop form in the late 1970s and early 1980s, dominating British and American charts with acts like Talking Heads, Blondie, Duran Duran, and The Police. Its embrace of synthesisers and slick production distinguished it from raw punk.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8367,"authorId":1557,"name":8368,"description":8369,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8370,"instruments":8371,"aliases":8372,"sources":8373,"similarGenres":8374,"subGenres":8375,"parentGenres":8376,"contributors":8377},"971f0268-81e8-4ee4-8f05-e9c90c6cbfac","Tsugaru-jamisen","Virtuosic Japanese shamisen style from the Tsugaru region of Aomori, characterized by percussive striking technique and improvisation. Originated with blind itinerant musicians (bosama) in the 19th century.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8379,"authorId":1557,"name":8380,"description":8381,"startYear":1991,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8382,"instruments":8383,"aliases":8384,"sources":8385,"similarGenres":8386,"subGenres":8387,"parentGenres":8388,"contributors":8389},"75ceae87-4fb1-47fc-85f5-ea5a0addc927","Salegy","An up-tempo 6\u002F8 Malagasy popular music from the north, descending from antsa vocal tradition and popularized by Jaojoby. It features tight guitar riffs, accordion or keyboard, and driving percussion.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8391,"authorId":1557,"name":8392,"description":8393,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8394,"instruments":8395,"aliases":8396,"sources":8397,"similarGenres":8398,"subGenres":8399,"parentGenres":8400,"contributors":8401},"c3d327c5-5e73-49bf-a011-eb27f8e97401","Qasida","A classical Arabic poetic form set to music, featuring monorhyme and elevated language, often performed in praise of patrons, prophets, or beloveds. Found across the Arab, Persian, and South Asian worlds.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8403,"authorId":1557,"name":8404,"description":8405,"startYear":1815,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8406,"instruments":8407,"aliases":8408,"sources":8409,"similarGenres":8410,"subGenres":8411,"parentGenres":8412,"contributors":8413},"f9d4e4ac-72a1-4b03-8dad-eb714cbcd420","Palm-Wine","Palm-wine music is a West African acoustic guitar style that developed in coastal port cities in the early 20th century, played in bars where palm wine was served. It blends local melodies and rhythms with imported guitar techniques, and informed later genres such as highlife and maringa.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8415,"authorId":1557,"name":8416,"description":8417,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8418,"instruments":8419,"aliases":8420,"sources":8421,"similarGenres":8422,"subGenres":8423,"parentGenres":8424,"contributors":8425},"34f45e63-67c7-497d-b618-ebac87113c4d","Tembang Sunda","A Sundanese sung poetry tradition accompanied by kacapi zither and suling flute, featuring melismatic vocals and pentatonic modes. It is associated with contemplative and courtly aesthetics in West Java.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8427,"authorId":1557,"name":8428,"description":8429,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8430,"instruments":8431,"aliases":8432,"sources":8433,"similarGenres":8434,"subGenres":8435,"parentGenres":8436,"contributors":8437},"72f98300-d391-44d4-8acf-ebf48a542e9a","Tsamiko","A Greek mainland line dance and its accompanying music in 3\u002F4 meter, historically associated with klephts and revolutionary heroism. Clarinet, laouto, and violin typically drive the ensemble.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8439,"authorId":1557,"name":8440,"description":8441,"startYear":1689,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8442,"instruments":8443,"aliases":8444,"sources":8445,"similarGenres":8446,"subGenres":8447,"parentGenres":8448,"contributors":8449},"f4b70ccb-75f9-45a5-aa3c-ec092df93311","Zamrock","A Zambian fusion of psychedelic rock, funk, and traditional Zambian rhythms that flourished during the 1970s under President Kaunda's cultural policies. Bands like WITCH and Musi-O-Tunya were pioneers.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8451,"authorId":1557,"name":8452,"description":8453,"startYear":2179,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8454,"instruments":8455,"aliases":8456,"sources":8457,"similarGenres":8458,"subGenres":8459,"parentGenres":8460,"contributors":8461},"91b26f26-ca87-4bda-8710-ec32344ba13e","Partido Alto","Improvisation-heavy samba style driven by response singing and strong pandeiro-based rhythm.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8463,"authorId":1557,"name":8464,"description":8465,"startYear":2029,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8466,"instruments":8467,"aliases":8468,"sources":8469,"similarGenres":8470,"subGenres":8471,"parentGenres":8472,"contributors":8473},"369e8d74-9e93-4999-a0e0-ec745aac45d6","Tufo","A sung and danced Muslim devotional genre from northern Mozambique, particularly among the Makua, performed by women in coordinated choreography with frame drums. It blends Swahili coastal influences with local traditions.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8475,"authorId":1557,"name":8476,"description":8477,"startYear":1928,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8478,"instruments":8479,"aliases":8480,"sources":8481,"similarGenres":8482,"subGenres":8483,"parentGenres":8484,"contributors":8485},"f70c67e3-586e-42bf-9478-eca4847e7c9a","Bauls of Bengal Baithaki","An intimate sit-down devotional song style practiced by Baul mystics of Bengal, using ektara, dotara, and khamak to accompany philosophical lyrics about the 'man of the heart.' It is closely related to the broader Baul tradition but emphasizes seated, contemplative performance.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8487,"authorId":1557,"name":8488,"description":8489,"startYear":2029,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8490,"instruments":8491,"aliases":8492,"sources":8493,"similarGenres":8494,"subGenres":8495,"parentGenres":8496,"contributors":8497},"96852875-2be1-4520-b299-ecf3c034d4d0","Mapale","Afro-Colombian coastal dance music with fast drumming, shouted vocals, and athletic movement.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8499,"authorId":1557,"name":8500,"description":8501,"startYear":3400,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8502,"instruments":8503,"aliases":8504,"sources":8505,"similarGenres":8506,"subGenres":8507,"parentGenres":8508,"contributors":8509},"2039466a-685d-408b-9b66-ed060ac1ee18","Fado","Fado is a Portuguese urban song tradition that emerged in early 19th-century Lisbon and later developed a distinct style in Coimbra. It is characterized by melancholic vocals expressing saudade, accompanied by the pear-shaped Portuguese guitarra and classical guitar. UNESCO inscribed fado on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2011.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8511,"authorId":1557,"name":8512,"description":8513,"startYear":2729,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":8514,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8515,"instruments":8516,"aliases":8517,"sources":8518,"similarGenres":8519,"subGenres":8520,"parentGenres":8521,"contributors":8522},"a485710c-902a-4f46-bedf-edd811b7edda","Rasin","A Haitian music movement that fuses Vodou ceremonial drumming and chants with rock, reggae, and funk instrumentation. It emerged in the late 1980s as part of a cultural reclamation of Haitian roots during political turmoil.","Rasin draws directly on sacred Vodou traditions whose religious dimensions deserve respectful framing.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8524,"authorId":1557,"name":8525,"description":8526,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8527,"instruments":8528,"aliases":8529,"sources":8530,"similarGenres":8531,"subGenres":8532,"parentGenres":8533,"contributors":8534},"eb068c6c-73b8-42fa-bc7d-edde78ea6517","Hua'er","A folk song tradition of northwestern China shared by Hui, Han, Tibetan, Salar, and other peoples, typically sung antiphonally at outdoor song festivals. Its high-pitched, ornamented melodies address love and everyday life.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8536,"authorId":1557,"name":8537,"description":8538,"startYear":3324,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8539,"instruments":8540,"aliases":8541,"sources":8542,"similarGenres":8543,"subGenres":8544,"parentGenres":8545,"contributors":8546},"2cc1ee53-3d34-4553-b6ee-edde9c1ff223","Nu Cumbia","Nu cumbia is a 2000s global reworking of Colombian cumbia that blends its characteristic rhythm with electronic production, dub, hip hop, and club sounds. Associated with scenes in Buenos Aires, Mexico City, and European diaspora labels, it foregrounds sampled accordions and gaita melodies over synthesized bass and drum programming.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8548,"authorId":1557,"name":8549,"description":8550,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8551,"instruments":8552,"aliases":8553,"sources":8554,"similarGenres":8555,"subGenres":8556,"parentGenres":8557,"contributors":8558},"183fce3b-7ea5-4971-8310-ee95d946c998","Kaba Gaida","Bulgarian low-pitched bagpipe tradition from the Rhodope mountains, known for its deep drone and ornamented melodic lines. Accompanies both solo singing and ensemble dances at village celebrations.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8560,"authorId":1557,"name":8561,"description":8562,"startYear":1600,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8563,"instruments":8564,"aliases":8565,"sources":8566,"similarGenres":8567,"subGenres":8568,"parentGenres":8569,"contributors":8570},"93481944-d051-44b2-8883-eec9a28609eb","Assiko","A Cameroonian Bassa guitar-based dance music played on acoustic guitar and bottle percussion. It is performed at rural festivities and has been modernized by artists like Jean Bikoko.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8572,"authorId":1557,"name":8573,"description":8574,"startYear":1815,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8575,"instruments":8576,"aliases":8577,"sources":8578,"similarGenres":8579,"subGenres":8580,"parentGenres":8581,"contributors":8582},"248d00d5-72b6-4cb4-8b94-ef78bdda0b52","Biguine","A Martinican and Guadeloupean dance music that blends African rhythms with French ballroom forms, typically featuring clarinet, trombone, banjo, and piano. It was popular in Paris jazz clubs in the 1930s and influenced later Caribbean genres.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8584,"authorId":1557,"name":8585,"description":8586,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8587,"instruments":8588,"aliases":8589,"sources":8590,"similarGenres":8591,"subGenres":8592,"parentGenres":8593,"contributors":8594},"d9cbc495-9876-47b7-b53b-ef7acb32f9f2","Funana","A fast accordion-driven dance music from Santiago Island, Cape Verde, long suppressed under Portuguese colonial rule for its African associations. It pairs the gaita accordion with the ferrinho iron scraper at breakneck tempo.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8596,"authorId":1557,"name":8597,"description":8598,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8599,"instruments":8600,"aliases":8601,"sources":8602,"similarGenres":8603,"subGenres":8604,"parentGenres":8605,"contributors":8606},"8a970ed2-b6df-4994-92ea-efbdc7f6f71f","Sevdalinka","The traditional urban love song of Bosnia, characterized by slow, ornamented vocal lines and poetic themes of longing (sevdah). It reflects centuries of Ottoman, Sephardic, and South Slavic cultural layering.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8608,"authorId":1557,"name":8609,"description":8610,"startYear":2692,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8611,"instruments":8612,"aliases":8613,"sources":8614,"similarGenres":8615,"subGenres":8616,"parentGenres":8617,"contributors":8618},"c98a2dc1-50a0-4468-aa34-f018a7504e39","Cumbia","Cumbia is a family of musical styles originating on Colombia's Caribbean coast from a fusion of Indigenous, African and Spanish traditions. The core rhythm is a mid-tempo duple pulse carried by gaita or accordion melodies and tambor, llamador and guacharaca percussion, and it has spread and mutated across Latin America.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8620,"authorId":1557,"name":8621,"description":8622,"startYear":1991,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8623,"instruments":8624,"aliases":8625,"sources":8626,"similarGenres":8627,"subGenres":8628,"parentGenres":8629,"contributors":8630},"efa8b6c0-c964-4463-8d06-f0550bebb381","Cadence Rampa","A Haitian dance music pioneered by Webert Sicot, a faster and more brass-driven offshoot of kompa with Congolese and Dominican influences. It spread across the French Caribbean and helped shape cadence-lypso.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8632,"authorId":1557,"name":8633,"description":8634,"startYear":2078,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8635,"instruments":8636,"aliases":8637,"sources":8638,"similarGenres":8639,"subGenres":8640,"parentGenres":8641,"contributors":8642},"d44087be-72e8-40e2-af2b-f080f896da9f","Tango","Tango originated in the working-class ports and suburbs of Buenos Aires and Montevideo in the late 19th century, fusing African rhythms, European polka, and milonga. It became a global dance craze in the 1920s and was declared a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2009.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8644,"authorId":1557,"name":8645,"description":8646,"startYear":3927,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8647,"instruments":8648,"aliases":8649,"sources":8650,"similarGenres":8651,"subGenres":8652,"parentGenres":8653,"contributors":8654},"91f8bd7b-fac3-4aad-93d9-f0b9de0c46e7","Dub","Dub is a Jamaican genre and production technique developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s by engineers such as King Tubby and Lee \"Scratch\" Perry. It reworks existing reggae recordings by stripping vocals, emphasizing drum and bass, and applying heavy reverb, delay and EQ manipulation, making the mixing desk itself the instrument.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8656,"authorId":1557,"name":8657,"description":8658,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8659,"instruments":8660,"aliases":8661,"sources":8662,"similarGenres":8663,"subGenres":8664,"parentGenres":8665,"contributors":8666},"f4cc69c2-f682-4b16-9958-f1a277379260","Bihu Geet","The seasonal folk songs of the Assamese Bihu festival, sung with dhol, pepa buffalo-horn pipe, and taal cymbals. Their lyrics celebrate spring, agricultural cycles, and youthful love.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8668,"authorId":1557,"name":8669,"description":8670,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8671,"instruments":8672,"aliases":8673,"sources":8674,"similarGenres":8675,"subGenres":8676,"parentGenres":8677,"contributors":8678},"a969e48a-dc53-4846-815a-f2010489ef70","Tarantella","A southern Italian folk dance music in fast 6\u002F8, historically linked to the ritual cure for tarantism (spider-bite-induced frenzy). Tambourines, accordions, and fiddles drive the propulsive rhythm.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8680,"authorId":1557,"name":8681,"description":8682,"startYear":1637,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8683,"instruments":8684,"aliases":8685,"sources":8686,"similarGenres":8687,"subGenres":8688,"parentGenres":8689,"contributors":8690},"0829e3d1-13d6-4069-a0e1-f270992008cf","UK Drill","UK Drill began in South London around 2012, adapting Chicago drill's heavy 808 bass and dark minor-key melodies to British street experience, with sliding trap hi-hats and heavily auto-tuned vocals. Headie One, Digga D, and 67 brought it to the UK top ten by the late 2010s.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8692,"authorId":1557,"name":8693,"description":8694,"startYear":2179,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8695,"instruments":8696,"aliases":8697,"sources":8698,"similarGenres":8699,"subGenres":8700,"parentGenres":8701,"contributors":8702},"fd0570bf-05b7-4f7f-ae12-f2aab51a03b4","Maskandi","A Zulu folk-guitar genre from KwaZulu-Natal associated with migrant workers, combining finger-style guitar, concertina and praise-poetry vocals. It is sometimes called 'the Zulu blues'.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8704,"authorId":1557,"name":8705,"description":8706,"startYear":2029,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8707,"instruments":8708,"aliases":8709,"sources":8710,"similarGenres":8711,"subGenres":8712,"parentGenres":8713,"contributors":8714},"6f7bfb7f-091e-4ddc-94da-f301fdae5ae3","Tango Uruguayo","The Uruguayan branch of tango that developed in Montevideo alongside the Buenos Aires tradition, sharing many composers and performers. It absorbed local candombe rhythms, giving it a distinctive percussive feel.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8716,"authorId":1557,"name":8717,"description":8718,"startYear":2179,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8719,"instruments":8720,"aliases":8721,"sources":8722,"similarGenres":8723,"subGenres":8724,"parentGenres":8725,"contributors":8726},"00931ab4-69a1-445f-baa3-f3bacafeb828","Maringa","Maringa is a West African popular dance style associated especially with Sierra Leone and neighboring coastal countries, drawing on Krio palm-wine guitar traditions and Caribbean influences. It typically features acoustic guitar, simple percussion, and storytelling vocals, and was a key precursor to later highlife and palm-wine pop.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8728,"authorId":1557,"name":8729,"description":8730,"startYear":1600,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8731,"instruments":8732,"aliases":8733,"sources":8734,"similarGenres":8735,"subGenres":8736,"parentGenres":8737,"contributors":8738},"2e8ad32c-6922-4436-abd1-f4959c31d46c","Southern African Popular Music","Southern African Popular Music is an umbrella term covering 20th- and 21st-century urban genres from the region, including mbaqanga, marabi, kwela, bubblegum, kwaito, gqom, and amapiano. These styles share roots in migrant-labour urban centres such as Johannesburg and draw on indigenous vocal traditions, mission hymnody, jazz, and global dance music. Together they chart the musical history of South Africa, Zimbabwe, Zambia, and neighbouring states.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8740,"authorId":1557,"name":8741,"description":8742,"startYear":1727,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8743,"instruments":8744,"aliases":8745,"sources":8746,"similarGenres":8747,"subGenres":8748,"parentGenres":8749,"contributors":8750},"d3a60b55-52ec-4571-a803-f59bd2a2ac4f","Ashiq","The ashiq tradition is a bard art shared across Azerbaijan, Turkey, Iran, and parts of the Caucasus, in which a singer-poet accompanies themselves on the long-necked saz. Repertoire blends epic tales, love poetry, and spiritual verse, and Azerbaijani ashiq art is inscribed on UNESCO's Intangible Cultural Heritage list.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8752,"authorId":1557,"name":8753,"description":8754,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1650,"sensitiveDescription":8755,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8756,"instruments":8757,"aliases":8758,"sources":8759,"similarGenres":8760,"subGenres":8761,"parentGenres":8762,"contributors":8763},"07034fad-1310-4acb-9cb9-f6673ec6770c","Kobzar Tradition","Ukrainian tradition of blind itinerant bard-minstrels who accompanied themselves on the kobza or bandura, singing historical epics (dumy) and religious songs. Decimated under Stalin and later revived.","Traditional kobzars were largely persecuted and killed under Stalinist repression in the 1930s.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8765,"authorId":1557,"name":8766,"description":8767,"startYear":3186,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8768,"instruments":8769,"aliases":8770,"sources":8771,"similarGenres":8772,"subGenres":8773,"parentGenres":8774,"contributors":8775},"c2473355-4244-47c6-b47f-f6693b49beb7","Cadence-lypso","A Dominican fusion created by the band Exile One combining Haitian cadence rampa with calypso. It became a major Francophone Caribbean popular style in the 1970s and influenced zouk.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8777,"authorId":1557,"name":8778,"description":8779,"startYear":1828,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8780,"instruments":8781,"aliases":8782,"sources":8783,"similarGenres":8784,"subGenres":8785,"parentGenres":8786,"contributors":8787},"8ef381d6-3925-4e10-bcdd-f6981f6d8e2a","Cumbia Surena","An Argentine working-class variant of cumbia centered on romantic lyrics and keyboard-driven arrangements. It developed a distinct southern identity from its Colombian roots and overlaps with cumbia villera.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8789,"authorId":1557,"name":8790,"description":8791,"startYear":3100,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8792,"instruments":8793,"aliases":8794,"sources":8795,"similarGenres":8796,"subGenres":8797,"parentGenres":8798,"contributors":8799},"04d7210f-25f5-4e1e-969b-f7e24b138425","Buleras","Fast flamenco palo with intense compas, handclaps, guitar accents, and explosive dance energy.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8801,"authorId":1557,"name":8802,"description":8803,"startYear":3100,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8804,"instruments":8805,"aliases":8806,"sources":8807,"similarGenres":8808,"subGenres":8809,"parentGenres":8810,"contributors":8811},"84606fbb-1e24-48b4-bb8d-f976059e6900","Choro","A virtuosic Brazilian instrumental genre born in 19th-century Rio de Janeiro, blending European dance forms with African syncopation. It is typically performed on flute, guitar, cavaquinho and pandeiro.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8813,"authorId":1557,"name":8814,"description":8815,"startYear":1689,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8816,"instruments":8817,"aliases":8818,"sources":8819,"similarGenres":8820,"subGenres":8821,"parentGenres":8822,"contributors":8823},"cc905ca7-016c-4c47-973a-fa1c4d18a7de","P-Funk","P-Funk is a strand of American funk developed in the 1970s by George Clinton's Parliament and Funkadelic collectives, fusing heavy syncopated grooves, gospel-rooted vocals, psychedelic rock guitar, and elaborate sci-fi mythology. It became a foundational sample source for hip hop and G-funk and reshaped Black popular music.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8825,"authorId":1557,"name":8826,"description":8827,"startYear":1560,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8828,"instruments":8829,"aliases":8830,"sources":8831,"similarGenres":8832,"subGenres":8833,"parentGenres":8834,"contributors":8835},"692a774d-3f6b-4ec5-bc77-fa43624c5b09","Lo-Fi Hip-Hop","Lo-fi hip-hop draws on boom bap and jazz rap traditions but prioritises warm dusty production — vinyl crackle, muffled drums, and jazzy samples — over dancefloor energy. It became a ubiquitous streaming phenomenon in the 2010s through YouTube live-radio channels and playlist culture.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8837,"authorId":1557,"name":8838,"description":8839,"startYear":1575,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8840,"instruments":8841,"aliases":8842,"sources":8843,"similarGenres":8844,"subGenres":8845,"parentGenres":8846,"contributors":8847},"efa7f93d-ad87-4d45-9a0f-fa659fef1e68","Sungura","A Zimbabwean popular guitar music built on fast rumba-like rhythms and interlocking lead guitars, sung predominantly in Shona. Artists such as Alick Macheso and Leonard Dembo made it Zimbabwe's dominant commercial sound.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8849,"authorId":1557,"name":8850,"description":8851,"startYear":1928,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8852,"instruments":8853,"aliases":8854,"sources":8855,"similarGenres":8856,"subGenres":8857,"parentGenres":8858,"contributors":8859},"6a8e1b59-9e10-450b-8bd3-fb1a3a030d8e","Saeta","A solemn, unaccompanied Spanish religious song performed during Holy Week processions in Andalusia, often from balconies as images of Christ or the Virgin pass by. Stylistically it is deeply related to flamenco cante jondo.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8861,"authorId":1557,"name":8862,"description":8863,"startYear":1815,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8864,"instruments":8865,"aliases":8866,"sources":8867,"similarGenres":8868,"subGenres":8869,"parentGenres":8870,"contributors":8871},"05c22804-4b43-4d29-a833-fb7b6bb541d1","Country","Country music developed in rural America and Appalachia in the 1920s from folk ballads, old-time string bands, blues, and gospel. From Jimmie Rodgers and the Carter Family through Hank Williams and Johnny Cash to Taylor Swift, it remains one of America's most commercially dominant genres.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8873,"authorId":1557,"name":8874,"description":8875,"startYear":2029,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8876,"instruments":8877,"aliases":8878,"sources":8879,"similarGenres":8880,"subGenres":8881,"parentGenres":8882,"contributors":8883},"99fd1d4d-77a7-4e23-b996-fbcb61d5220c","Kundiman","A Filipino art-song genre of serenades and love songs in triple meter, typically beginning in minor and shifting to major. It was developed into a refined concert form by composers such as Francisco Santiago and Nicanor Abelardo.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8885,"authorId":1557,"name":8886,"description":8887,"startYear":1928,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8888,"instruments":8889,"aliases":8890,"sources":8891,"similarGenres":8892,"subGenres":8893,"parentGenres":8894,"contributors":8895},"fc6c9830-e7c5-41df-8865-fd01baa7b28c","Zamba","An Argentine folk song-and-dance form in 6\u002F8 meter, slower and more lyrical than chacarera, involving a couple circling with handkerchiefs. Its repertoire is central to Argentine folklore poetry.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8897,"authorId":1557,"name":8898,"description":8899,"startYear":1600,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8900,"instruments":8901,"aliases":8902,"sources":8903,"similarGenres":8904,"subGenres":8905,"parentGenres":8906,"contributors":8907},"6ad24224-fed2-41b8-8e72-fd46b3e98577","Kwela","A pennywhistle-led South African jive style that emerged in township streets during the apartheid era. Its swinging rhythms and tin whistle melodies helped pave the way for mbaqanga.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8909,"authorId":1557,"name":8910,"description":8911,"startYear":2530,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8912,"instruments":8913,"aliases":8914,"sources":8915,"similarGenres":8916,"subGenres":8917,"parentGenres":8918,"contributors":8919},"617970ab-1311-4ef4-813b-fd4d9525af23","Neo Soul","Neo soul emerged in the mid-1990s US as a revival of classic soul's artistry — warm analogue textures, complex harmony, and emotionally rich vocals — combined with hip-hop and funk production. D'Angelo, Erykah Badu, Maxwell, and Lauryn Hill defined its aesthetic and earned it critical acclaim.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8921,"authorId":1557,"name":8922,"description":8923,"startYear":1790,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8924,"instruments":8925,"aliases":8926,"sources":8927,"similarGenres":8928,"subGenres":8929,"parentGenres":8930,"contributors":8931},"5a7c4e98-a8d1-4cd2-9888-fd8161a9d7ef","Dancehall","Dancehall is a Jamaican popular music genre that emerged in the late 1970s as a sparser, more rhythm-focused offshoot of reggae. Built around digital riddims, heavy bass and DJ (toasting) vocals, it became Jamaica's dominant popular style from the 1980s onward and a major influence on global pop and hip hop.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8933,"authorId":1557,"name":8934,"description":8935,"startYear":1928,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8936,"instruments":8937,"aliases":8938,"sources":8939,"similarGenres":8940,"subGenres":8941,"parentGenres":8942,"contributors":8943},"9719bdc9-442d-4fcf-bffe-fd97289976a9","Currulao","An Afro-Colombian marimba-based music and dance from the Pacific coast of Colombia and northern Ecuador. It features 6\u002F8 polyrhythms played on marimba de chonta, cununos and bombo drums with call-and-response singing.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8945,"authorId":1557,"name":8946,"description":8947,"startYear":2504,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8948,"instruments":8949,"aliases":8950,"sources":8951,"similarGenres":8952,"subGenres":8953,"parentGenres":8954,"contributors":8955},"01d2fa18-5a60-4c56-8f0c-fdb28e4374b2","Hardcore Punk","Hardcore punk emerged in the late 1970s US and UK as a faster, more aggressive evolution of punk rock, with Black Flag, Dead Kennedys, and Minor Threat as defining acts. Its DIY ethics produced a global network of independent labels, zines, and all-ages venues that continues to this day.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8957,"authorId":1557,"name":8958,"description":8959,"startYear":8960,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8961,"instruments":8962,"aliases":8963,"sources":8964,"similarGenres":8965,"subGenres":8966,"parentGenres":8967,"contributors":8968},"73b5c91a-74e9-4c04-ba09-fdcbcee24902","Manouche Jazz","Gypsy jazz with acoustic guitars, violin, swing rhythm, and virtuosic improvisation.",1934,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8970,"authorId":1557,"name":8971,"description":8972,"startYear":6551,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8973,"instruments":8974,"aliases":8975,"sources":8976,"similarGenres":8977,"subGenres":8978,"parentGenres":8979,"contributors":8980},"3e1b457f-3f43-456a-809f-fdea724f57c2","Smooth Jazz","Smooth jazz emerged from jazz fusion's more accessible, radio-friendly tendencies, combining jazz harmonics and improvisation with R&B and pop grooves. Kenny G, Grover Washington Jr., Dave Koz, and Bob James brought it to mass commercial success in the 1980s and 1990s.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8982,"authorId":1557,"name":8983,"description":8984,"startYear":8985,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8986,"instruments":8987,"aliases":8988,"sources":8989,"similarGenres":8990,"subGenres":8991,"parentGenres":8992,"contributors":8993},"4882fec9-9ed7-46d9-971c-fe29e5c4f951","Jingju","Beijing opera, a Chinese operatic form combining stylized song, mime, martial arts, and acrobatics, with conventional role types and painted face makeup. It draws on regional opera traditions synthesized in Qing-era Beijing.",1790,[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":8995,"authorId":1557,"name":8996,"description":8997,"startYear":1865,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":8998,"instruments":8999,"aliases":9000,"sources":9001,"similarGenres":9002,"subGenres":9003,"parentGenres":9004,"contributors":9005},"172238e8-9c5d-4cd9-8594-fe4ef0b52a85","Salsa Romantica","Smooth salsa emphasizing lush arrangements, romantic lyrics, and polished studio production.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":9007,"authorId":1557,"name":9008,"description":9009,"startYear":1637,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":9010,"instruments":9011,"aliases":9012,"sources":9013,"similarGenres":9014,"subGenres":9015,"parentGenres":9016,"contributors":9017},"6df7b6ba-6671-4ed2-b1af-feb599430095","Synthwave","Synthwave is a modern electronic genre drawing on the synthesiser and drum machine sounds of 1980s film scores, television, and synth-pop, evoking a nostalgic retro-futurism. Artists like Kavinsky, Perturbator, Carpenter Brut, and Gunship gained global audiences through streaming and video game soundtracks.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":9019,"authorId":1557,"name":9020,"description":9021,"startYear":3400,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":9022,"instruments":9023,"aliases":9024,"sources":9025,"similarGenres":9026,"subGenres":9027,"parentGenres":9028,"contributors":9029},"6599e7c7-3a4b-48d8-a74b-ff1dbb1cfa4b","Chacarera","Argentine folk dance music in 6\u002F8 and 3\u002F4, led by guitar, violin, and bombo leguero.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":9031,"authorId":1557,"name":9032,"description":9033,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":9034,"instruments":9035,"aliases":9036,"sources":9037,"similarGenres":9038,"subGenres":9039,"parentGenres":9040,"contributors":9041},"01f9a4da-efdf-4254-b70b-ff2a0b428ef5","Chouval Bwa","Martinican carnival-rooted music using bamboo percussion, drums, chants, and circular dance motion.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":9043,"authorId":1557,"name":9044,"description":9045,"startYear":1562,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":9046,"instruments":9047,"aliases":9048,"sources":9049,"similarGenres":9050,"subGenres":9051,"parentGenres":9052,"contributors":9053},"5c0c16c3-b73a-428b-8815-ffa299fe4174","Pinpeat","A Cambodian ceremonial ensemble music associated with the royal court, religious ritual, and masked dance theater. Its ensemble features xylophones, gong circles, oboes, and drums in layered interlocking textures.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":9055,"authorId":1557,"name":9056,"description":9057,"startYear":2029,"isSensitive":1561,"sensitiveDescription":1562,"playlistLink":1562,"countries":9058,"instruments":9059,"aliases":9060,"sources":9061,"similarGenres":9062,"subGenres":9063,"parentGenres":9064,"contributors":9065},"bc2611da-ce73-49f4-a850-ffa2dd9ac893","Tarab","Tarab is both a genre concept and an aesthetic state in Arabic music, referring to the deep emotional and ecstatic engagement between performer and listener. Classical tarab repertoire centres on long-form vocal pieces accompanied by takht ensembles (oud, qanun, nay, riqq, violin), with extensive improvisation over maqam modes. It flourished in 20th-century Cairo through singers such as Umm Kulthum, Abdel Halim Hafez, and Mohammed Abdel Wahab.",[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[9067,9072,9077,9082,9087,9092,9097,9102,9107,9112,9117,9122,9127,9132,9137,9142,9147,9152,9157,9162,9167,9172,9177,9182,9187,9192,9197,9202,9206,9211,9216,9221,9226,9231,9236,9241,9246,9251,9256,9261,9266,9271,9276,9281,9286,9291,9296,9301,9306,9311,9316,9321,9326,9331,9336,9341,9346,9351,9356,9361,9366,9371,9376,9381,9386,9391,9396,9401,9406,9411,9416,9421,9426,9431,9436,9441,9446,9451,9456,9461,9466,9471,9476,9481,9486,9491,9496,9501,9506,9511,9516,9521,9526,9531,9536,9540,9545,9549,9554,9559,9564,9569,9574,9579,9584,9589,9594,9599,9604,9609,9614,9619,9624,9629,9634,9639,9644,9649,9654,9659,9664,9669,9674,9679,9683,9688,9693,9698,9703,9708,9713,9718,9723,9728,9733,9738,9743,9748,9753,9758,9763,9768,9773,9778,9783,9788,9793,9798,9803,9808,9813,9818,9823,9828,9833,9838,9843,9848,9853,9858,9863,9868,9873,9878,9883,9888,9893,9898,9903,9908,9913,9918,9923,9928,9933,9938,9943,9948,9953,9958,9963,9968,9973,9978,9983,9988,9993,9998,10003,10008,10013,10018,10023,10028,10033,10038,10043,10048,10053,10058,10063,10068,10073,10078,10083,10088,10093,10098,10103,10108,10113,10118,10123,10128,10133],{"id":9068,"type":9069,"description":9070,"genres":9071},"dbb83975-1b72-4d61-81ab-00f287b90df6","Khong Wong Yai","A Thai gong circle consisting of 16 bossed gongs in a rattan frame. Provides the fundamental melody in piphat ensembles.",[],{"id":9073,"type":9074,"description":9075,"genres":9076},"d9d8be49-563c-4ea0-a37a-0387df0d63ab","Bandoneon","A concertina-type bellows instrument whose sound became central to Argentine tango.",[],{"id":9078,"type":9079,"description":9080,"genres":9081},"562e6875-7d31-4dca-8e5e-057ad3c570a0","Madal","A Nepali hand drum played horizontally across the lap. The most common folk drum in Nepal, used across many ethnic traditions.",[],{"id":9083,"type":9084,"description":9085,"genres":9086},"bb1dbfe5-9f20-42f7-9bd3-05b9615cb84d","Duduk","A double-reed woodwind made from apricot wood, producing a warm, haunting sound. Armenia's national instrument, inscribed on UNESCO's list.",[],{"id":9088,"type":9089,"description":9090,"genres":9091},"0064892f-5092-48cc-b408-05e88e12ce8f","Melodica","A free-reed keyboard instrument blown through a mouthpiece. Popularized in Jamaican reggae and dub music, now used across genres worldwide.",[],{"id":9093,"type":9094,"description":9095,"genres":9096},"f9b8dc8d-2cdc-495b-96e6-07f0ce17d720","Turntable","A phonograph record player used as a musical instrument through scratching and beat juggling. Pioneered in hip-hop DJ culture and now used across electronic genres.",[],{"id":9098,"type":9099,"description":9100,"genres":9101},"e339407e-aab0-4f16-ac61-0c2f394789cb","Washint","An Ethiopian end-blown bamboo flute with four finger holes. Used in both solo performance and ensemble music.",[],{"id":9103,"type":9104,"description":9105,"genres":9106},"276aeb41-70cd-44e6-a375-0c92a46f80c0","Electric Guitar","A solid or semi-hollow body guitar with magnetic pickups and electronic amplification. Defined rock, blues, jazz, and countless popular music genres since the mid-20th century.",[],{"id":9108,"type":9109,"description":9110,"genres":9111},"05946b92-2622-4ef2-ba66-0d9dc79b67c5","Pad Controller","A grid-based MIDI performance device with velocity-sensitive rubber pads, exemplified by the Akai MPC and Native Instruments Maschine. Widely used for finger-drumming, clip launching, and sample triggering in hip-hop and electronic music.",[],{"id":9113,"type":9114,"description":9115,"genres":9116},"eff79f6e-0ec4-4f2f-b44c-0db0df37cb80","Mandolin","A small plucked string instrument with four paired courses of strings. Prominent in Italian, American bluegrass, and various European folk traditions.",[],{"id":9118,"type":9119,"description":9120,"genres":9121},"6bfbd2a5-33d0-41ca-92d9-0e50517c2346","Masinko","A single-stringed bowed fiddle and one of the most common instruments in Ethiopian traditional music. Played by wandering minstrels called azmari.",[],{"id":9123,"type":9124,"description":9125,"genres":9126},"17ac5c46-edb6-4ce4-bb71-0ea771bce15f","Shakuhachi","A Japanese end-blown bamboo flute with a distinctive breathy tone. Originally played by Zen Buddhist monks for meditation (suizen).",[],{"id":9128,"type":9129,"description":9130,"genres":9131},"55188187-9f9a-4195-b581-0ee9b4865b7e","Concertina","A small bellows-driven free-reed instrument with buttons. Associated with Irish traditional, English folk, and South African music.",[],{"id":9133,"type":9134,"description":9135,"genres":9136},"00fda9ce-ef0f-46c0-ba39-0f5a9d19aab8","Arpa Paraguaya","A diatonic folk harp with a bright, cascading tone. The national instrument of Paraguay and central to guarania and polka paraguaya.",[],{"id":9138,"type":9139,"description":9140,"genres":9141},"041512da-4102-4578-84a1-0f713a8ab649","Roland SH-101","Roland's 1982 monophonic analogue synthesiser. Its bright, aggressive bass lines and leads became fundamental sounds in acid house, early techno, and UK rave music.",[],{"id":9143,"type":9144,"description":9145,"genres":9146},"dad627b5-2e8d-4668-a1fb-0fe40ac483b0","Wurlitzer Electric Piano","An electromechanical piano producing a reedy, slightly buzzy tone via vibrating metal reeds. Heard throughout 1970s soul, R&B, and pop, and heavily sampled in hip-hop, with a distinctive presence in Stax and Motown recordings.",[],{"id":9148,"type":9149,"description":9150,"genres":9151},"68d6a780-041f-4611-9e29-101c02d12d5e","Harmonium","A small bellows-driven keyboard instrument pumped by hand or foot. Widely adopted in South Asian music, particularly in devotional, qawwali, and Hindustani classical settings.",[],{"id":9153,"type":9154,"description":9155,"genres":9156},"9d84df36-f62e-4a10-aff3-1394fce035ae","E-mu SP-1200","E-mu's 1987 sampling drum machine renowned for its warm, gritty 12-bit sound character. Heavily used in late-1980s and 1990s hip-hop production to chop and loop soul, funk, and jazz records.",[],{"id":9158,"type":9159,"description":9160,"genres":9161},"a2558104-33b2-46ea-b083-13e0c01389f6","Daegeum","A large Korean transverse bamboo flute with a vibrating membrane, producing a rich buzzing quality. Used in court and folk music.",[],{"id":9163,"type":9164,"description":9165,"genres":9166},"8a260dfc-4fab-4901-b5e1-154e2c4c1715","Modular Synthesiser","A system of interconnected voltage-controlled modules — oscillators, filters, sequencers, and effects — patched together with cables to generate sound. Central to experimental electronic music, ambient, noise, and contemporary techno production.",[],{"id":9168,"type":9169,"description":9170,"genres":9171},"1b6d577a-8e04-4d5e-8a5e-1592bf06ca24","Bandurria","A plucked string instrument with a flat back and 12 strings in 6 courses. Used in Spanish, Latin American, and Filipino rondalla ensembles.",[],{"id":9173,"type":9174,"description":9175,"genres":9176},"4bbaaea5-6fe1-4142-99a0-16acc81334be","Amadinda","A Ugandan log xylophone played by three interlocking performers simultaneously. Studied for its complex polyphonic technique.",[],{"id":9178,"type":9179,"description":9180,"genres":9181},"dd589922-2f56-4a93-893e-17c63884a50c","Quena","A notched end-blown flute made from cane or wood. The primary melodic instrument of Andean music across Peru, Bolivia, and Ecuador.",[],{"id":9183,"type":9184,"description":9185,"genres":9186},"26a041b3-2383-4b8a-a776-18168eda6b72","Bodhran","An Irish frame drum played with a double-ended beater called a tipper. Central to Irish traditional ensembles.",[],{"id":9188,"type":9189,"description":9190,"genres":9191},"7a05c2f0-0ad0-4406-b6e4-19475d1a676e","Musical Bow","A simple bowed or struck instrument found across Southern Africa, used by San, Zulu, and other peoples. One of the oldest string instruments in the world.",[],{"id":9193,"type":9194,"description":9195,"genres":9196},"0cf2c489-e35f-4a58-83e0-1c2d940504b1","Maracas","Gourd or shell rattles filled with seeds or beads. Used across Latin America and the Caribbean, prominent in salsa, cumbia, and joropo.",[],{"id":9198,"type":9199,"description":9200,"genres":9201},"50bfcbbe-963c-45dc-9f23-1c557eea4ba3","Berimbau","A single-string percussion bow from Brazil, played by striking the string with a stick while using a gourd resonator. Inseparable from capoeira.",[],{"id":9203,"type":2412,"description":9204,"genres":9205},"2a6ffcd6-2f7f-49a4-828d-1cde0c31ddd9","A small five-string guitar from Panama used in tipico folk music and carved from a single piece of wood.",[],{"id":9207,"type":9208,"description":9209,"genres":9210},"373ac716-92c9-4e66-9f4f-1fe44c9315f2","Slit Drum (Garamut)","A hollowed log struck to produce tones, used across Melanesia, Africa, and the Americas. Historically used for long-distance communication.",[],{"id":9212,"type":9213,"description":9214,"genres":9215},"17783955-0996-4243-b53c-2161d3e7dc54","Rondador","An Ecuadorian panpipe with tubes arranged in a zigzag pattern. Considered a national instrument of Ecuador.",[],{"id":9217,"type":9218,"description":9219,"genres":9220},"4497073f-91ab-4a31-889f-21f460165e5a","Cimbalom","A large concert hammered dulcimer played with padded beaters. Prominent in Hungarian, Romanian, and Central European folk and classical music.",[],{"id":9222,"type":9223,"description":9224,"genres":9225},"8df0d065-2c28-4ede-8952-230f8009dd8b","Balafon","A West African wooden xylophone with gourd resonators, central to Mande musical traditions.",[],{"id":9227,"type":9228,"description":9229,"genres":9230},"5c822f63-d098-42f1-8160-23150502a9ac","Saung Gauk","A Burmese arched harp with 13 silk strings. One of the few surviving examples of the ancient arched harp tradition in Asia.",[],{"id":9232,"type":9233,"description":9234,"genres":9235},"ae43eb13-93ba-4fe6-8678-262988d192fc","Yamaha DX7","Yamaha's 1983 FM synthesis digital synthesiser, one of the best-selling synthesisers of all time. Its electric piano, marimba, and bass sounds defined the sound of 1980s pop, R&B, and new wave.",[],{"id":9237,"type":9238,"description":9239,"genres":9240},"4260ad1b-2f33-47f7-99b1-280ffe305be2","Tanbur","A long-necked fretted lute found across Central Asia, Iran, and Turkey. Used in classical maqam and shashmaqam traditions.",[],{"id":9242,"type":9243,"description":9244,"genres":9245},"66481866-cab2-4c50-8feb-28b658c40f36","MIDI Controller","Hardware devices that send MIDI data to control software instruments, including keyboard controllers, pad controllers, and wind controllers. Since the 1980s, MIDI has standardised the interface between performers and electronic instruments across every genre.",[],{"id":9247,"type":9248,"description":9249,"genres":9250},"f3da454b-9cd4-4fbb-a3b8-28b8f4c5c17c","Gadulka","A Bulgarian bowed string instrument with three melody strings and up to 10 sympathetic strings. Prominent in Bulgarian folk dance music.",[],{"id":9252,"type":9253,"description":9254,"genres":9255},"4322eb0a-8966-4089-9577-28ba0fbd7e47","Kaval","An end-blown chromatic flute traditionally made from wood. Prominent in Bulgarian, Turkish, and broader Balkan shepherd music.",[],{"id":9257,"type":9258,"description":9259,"genres":9260},"338220f0-d1fa-4ca5-9232-292158e449b4","Guitarron Mexicano","A large deep-bodied acoustic bass guitar that provides the bass foundation in mariachi ensembles.",[],{"id":9262,"type":9263,"description":9264,"genres":9265},"380e2b60-98d1-4c73-94e9-29e4785d78b3","Guzheng (Zheng)","A large plucked zither with 21 or more strings and movable bridges. One of the most popular traditional Chinese instruments, with ancient origins.",[],{"id":9267,"type":9268,"description":9269,"genres":9270},"fd6cb2ff-6b17-4aae-b5cc-29f420b4ba0e","Banjo","A stringed instrument with a drum-like body covered by a membrane. Developed by African Americans from West African lute traditions, central to bluegrass and folk music.",[],{"id":9272,"type":9273,"description":9274,"genres":9275},"81e12858-75f5-4659-9291-2b19add1c1f9","Roland TB-303","Roland's 1981 bass synthesiser, originally intended to simulate bass guitar. Its squelching, resonant glide became the defining sound of acid house when repurposed by Chicago DJs, and remains central to acid, psytrance, and electronic bass music.",[],{"id":9277,"type":9278,"description":9279,"genres":9280},"2227d955-78a6-44f0-ad97-2d2e5f64b0c2","Didgeridoo (Yidaki)","An Aboriginal Australian wind instrument made from a termite-hollowed eucalyptus trunk. One of the oldest wind instruments in the world, producing a continuous drone.",[],{"id":9282,"type":9283,"description":9284,"genres":9285},"e9e2268b-19aa-4bb7-8bb1-2d60bf448b35","Valiha","A tubular bamboo zither of Austronesian origin and the national instrument of Madagascar. Strings are cut from the bamboo tube itself.",[],{"id":9287,"type":9288,"description":9289,"genres":9290},"67927e8b-06fd-4a33-957a-2d70c46d92f4","Piano","A large keyboard instrument where hammers strike steel strings. One of the most versatile and widely played instruments in Western classical, jazz, pop, and many global traditions.",[],{"id":9292,"type":9293,"description":9294,"genres":9295},"4604131d-fbbc-4f50-bebc-2edc5e0a4a32","Accordion","A bellows-driven free-reed instrument with a keyboard or buttons. Foundational in tango, vallenato, zydeco, norteno, forro, musette, and many folk traditions worldwide.",[],{"id":9297,"type":9298,"description":9299,"genres":9300},"2a5c585d-402f-4b84-a8d9-319a1c088c84","Drum Kit","A combined percussion setup with kick, snare, toms, cymbals, and hi-hat, played by one performer in modern band and studio settings.",[],{"id":9302,"type":9303,"description":9304,"genres":9305},"e9f6cc29-78b4-4a53-9233-31c2bc144735","Gaida","A Balkan bagpipe found across Bulgaria, North Macedonia, and Greece. Produces a piercing drone-and-melody sound used in folk dance music.",[],{"id":9307,"type":9308,"description":9309,"genres":9310},"6dfa668d-bcd4-49cc-8e47-32a301f14425","Sub Bass","Extremely low-frequency bass content below approximately 80 Hz, felt as much as heard. Central to dubstep, drum and bass, UK bass music, and grime — designed to maximise the physical impact of large sound systems.",[],{"id":9312,"type":9313,"description":9314,"genres":9315},"1c39c90e-18b4-420b-b782-3467380ab471","Roland TR-707","Roland's 1984 fully digital drum machine with MIDI, widely used in early UK dance music, electro, and synth-pop. Its precise, quantised patterns shaped the transition from analogue to digital production.",[],{"id":9317,"type":9318,"description":9319,"genres":9320},"99f5870b-10c2-4c7c-b4fe-347a10e4925d","Alghaita","A West African double-reed wind instrument related to the zurna. Used in Hausa ceremonial music and across the Sahel.",[],{"id":9322,"type":9323,"description":9324,"genres":9325},"50791b93-dfb9-44cc-a982-36a7e7f69e33","Sitar","A long-necked plucked lute with movable frets and sympathetic strings, producing a rich, resonant tone. A defining instrument of North Indian (Hindustani) classical music.",[],{"id":9327,"type":9328,"description":9329,"genres":9330},"2a655b96-d9f1-402f-be45-39ae0efb2fac","Tape Machine","Reel-to-reel magnetic tape recorders used both for recording and as creative instruments through techniques like tape loops, reverse, and saturation. Central to psychedelic rock, musique concrète, dub, and ambient music production.",[],{"id":9332,"type":9333,"description":9334,"genres":9335},"dbee8c9b-2294-44b4-bfb8-3b205c4ae770","Theremin","An electronic instrument played without physical contact, using hand proximity to two antennas to control pitch and volume. Invented in Russia in 1920.",[],{"id":9337,"type":9338,"description":9339,"genres":9340},"3dbcc2b8-0100-46ed-abd6-3d6f0c8784a8","Log Drum","A hollowed wooden percussion instrument struck to produce deep, resonant tones, used in traditional and modern rhythmic settings.",[],{"id":9342,"type":9343,"description":9344,"genres":9345},"830f8804-88ef-415a-a6d4-3e83037a3245","Koto","A 13-string plucked zither placed horizontally, with movable bridges. A principal instrument of Japanese classical and contemporary music.",[],{"id":9347,"type":9348,"description":9349,"genres":9350},"58af5de2-e2d4-4e06-9559-408cb2046d7f","Drum Machine","An electronic device that produces drum and percussion sounds via synthesis or samples. Fundamental to hip-hop, electronic dance music, and modern pop production.",[],{"id":9352,"type":9353,"description":9354,"genres":9355},"be9497af-2425-4717-9ca6-408f93b9cc4a","Fangufangu","A Tongan nose flute, played by directing breath from one nostril. Used in traditional Polynesian courtship music.",[],{"id":9357,"type":9358,"description":9359,"genres":9360},"3a83b731-5951-4a0a-9cfc-4149d067dff6","Domra","A long-necked Russian lute with a round body and three or four strings. Used in Russian folk ensembles alongside the balalaika.",[],{"id":9362,"type":9363,"description":9364,"genres":9365},"ce118b01-f0a4-4c3a-a6db-42d080cd7231","Steelpan","A melodic percussion instrument made from oil drums, invented in Trinidad in the mid-20th century. The only major acoustic instrument created in the 20th century.",[],{"id":9367,"type":9368,"description":9369,"genres":9370},"8fc7865e-c24b-4269-a23f-432851aeff73","Ingoma","A large Burundian drum played in the Royal Drummers ensemble tradition. Made from a hollowed tree trunk with a stretched cowhide head.",[],{"id":9372,"type":9373,"description":9374,"genres":9375},"8ced7060-8d34-4827-ad2f-464bf1b94d56","Talking Drum (Dundun)","An hourglass-shaped drum whose pitch can be modulated by squeezing the lacing while striking. Used across West Africa for communication and music.",[],{"id":9377,"type":9378,"description":9379,"genres":9380},"80beb30f-11bd-436a-abf8-46e74fbdf294","Shehnai","A North Indian double-reed oboe with a flared bell. Traditionally played at weddings, temples, and auspicious ceremonies.",[],{"id":9382,"type":9383,"description":9384,"genres":9385},"402b3689-3234-47d2-b87a-473921b9c5cf","Dan Tranh","A 16-string plucked zither used in Vietnamese classical and folk music. It belongs to the zheng family of instruments.",[],{"id":9387,"type":9388,"description":9389,"genres":9390},"53c8110d-3a3e-4314-a7da-48400384beeb","Morin Khuur","A two-stringed Mongolian bowed fiddle with a carved horse-head scroll. The national instrument of Mongolia, traditionally associated with nomadic pastoral life.",[],{"id":9392,"type":9393,"description":9394,"genres":9395},"98f8ff8b-6da4-41e9-8a6c-4aa5f3d16273","Vocal Chops","A production technique in which recorded vocal phrases are sliced, pitch-shifted, and reassembled into melodic or rhythmic patterns. Prevalent in UK garage, dance, EDM, Afrobeats, and contemporary pop production since the late 1990s.",[],{"id":9397,"type":9398,"description":9399,"genres":9400},"154dc2d3-89f5-4234-86a8-4c15fb188333","Conga","A tall, narrow single-headed Cuban drum of African origin, played with hands. A foundational instrument in salsa, Latin jazz, and Afro-Cuban music.",[],{"id":9402,"type":9403,"description":9404,"genres":9405},"a3e36bca-9997-4438-b083-4d7fee1f529b","Pate","A slit drum carved from a log, found across Polynesia. Used for signaling and rhythmic accompaniment in Samoan and Tongan music.",[],{"id":9407,"type":9408,"description":9409,"genres":9410},"d084f19a-bb69-4c18-9929-4e1168e820ea","Gamelan Ensemble","A large ensemble of predominantly bronze metallophones, gongs, and drums from Java and Bali, Indonesia. One of the world's most sophisticated orchestral traditions.",[],{"id":9412,"type":9413,"description":9414,"genres":9415},"6fa2298b-0d9a-466b-9c66-520e943f13ce","Qanun","A large trapezoidal plucked zither with over 75 strings. A principal instrument in Arabic, Turkish, and Greek classical ensembles.",[],{"id":9417,"type":9418,"description":9419,"genres":9420},"05fecd8b-5c30-4e02-9745-526e7c5af88a","Komuz","A three-stringed fretless lute and national instrument of Kyrgyzstan. Played with virtuosic plucking and strumming techniques.",[],{"id":9422,"type":9423,"description":9424,"genres":9425},"e9482576-8213-44df-b031-52812c68e1ad","Xiao","A Chinese vertical end-blown bamboo flute with a gentle, mellow tone. Often paired with the guqin for intimate chamber music.",[],{"id":9427,"type":9428,"description":9429,"genres":9430},"e5acc1fc-cf4a-4a87-b919-52ed47463e73","Trembita","A Ukrainian Carpathian alphorn made from a long, straight piece of spruce wood. Used by Hutsul shepherds for communication and ritual.",[],{"id":9432,"type":9433,"description":9434,"genres":9435},"d2273d78-5ac6-48cf-817f-55f13ed95bc8","Xalam","A plucked lute from the Wolof and Fulani traditions of West Africa. A griot instrument used for praise singing and storytelling.",[],{"id":9437,"type":9438,"description":9439,"genres":9440},"62c28478-0d7d-4bb8-bdc1-58c584ca925d","Horn Section","A coordinated group of brass and woodwind instruments, often including trumpets, trombones, and saxophones, used for powerful ensemble lines.",[],{"id":9442,"type":9443,"description":9444,"genres":9445},"05e6dfef-80bc-4610-80ec-5922e4f61c03","Electric Bass Guitar","A bass-range electric stringed instrument. Provides the low-end foundation in rock, funk, jazz, pop, and most modern popular music.",[],{"id":9447,"type":9448,"description":9449,"genres":9450},"86bd6616-969d-4e30-920f-593036b25c58","Celesta","A keyboard instrument that strikes metal plates with hammers, producing a delicate bell-like tone. Used in orchestral and film music for ethereal effects.",[],{"id":9452,"type":9453,"description":9454,"genres":9455},"4767e43b-8f0c-48d6-a5a9-5a50d3b859c0","Claves","A pair of short cylindrical hardwood sticks struck together. Provide the rhythmic timeline (clave pattern) in Cuban and Latin American music.",[],{"id":9457,"type":9458,"description":9459,"genres":9460},"ccb4991e-2779-41fc-b91b-5b8186dc9f43","Siku \u002F Zampona","Andean panpipes made from graduated cane tubes, traditionally played in interlocking pairs.",[],{"id":9462,"type":9463,"description":9464,"genres":9465},"f077c225-322c-4857-a58c-5d5e905fccff","Cajon","A box-shaped drum of Afro-Peruvian origin, played by striking the front face while seated on it.",[],{"id":9467,"type":9468,"description":9469,"genres":9470},"f3baf204-141c-4e41-9c7a-5e1cb294e2f0","Boduberu","A coconut-wood drum covered with goat or ray skin from the Maldives. Played in ensembles for the boduberu call-and-response tradition.",[],{"id":9472,"type":9473,"description":9474,"genres":9475},"3c55e433-05d4-4041-a473-5f9a00fe1746","Chirimia","A double-reed instrument of Spanish origin adapted into Indigenous and mestizo traditions in Latin America.",[],{"id":9477,"type":9478,"description":9479,"genres":9480},"c7ea6f37-963e-45aa-8ed9-619d8bea5f52","Bandura","A Ukrainian plucked string instrument with up to 68 strings. Associated with the kobzar tradition of blind itinerant epic singers.",[],{"id":9482,"type":9483,"description":9484,"genres":9485},"50f48a52-4087-44ad-ae5d-61d8235d70ff","Roland TR-808","Roland's 1980 programmable drum machine whose booming kick, snappy snare, and open hi-hat became the sonic foundation of hip-hop, trap, Miami bass, and UK grime. The 808 bass kick is one of the most recognisable sounds in modern popular music.",[],{"id":9487,"type":9488,"description":9489,"genres":9490},"e77d6977-3843-4e90-a1cd-62840db359c2","Roland TR-909","Roland's 1983 drum machine, largely responsible for the sound of house and techno. Its crisp, punchy kick and open hi-hat drive four-to-the-floor dance music worldwide and remain heavily used in electronic production.",[],{"id":9492,"type":9493,"description":9494,"genres":9495},"755c3bf3-bf58-41dc-aa64-63929c0f810e","Mridangam","A double-headed barrel drum and the primary rhythmic instrument of South Indian (Carnatic) classical music. Produces a range of distinct tonal strokes.",[],{"id":9497,"type":9498,"description":9499,"genres":9500},"90c6c209-ebc2-476c-8479-63b6aa2f9e10","Veena (Saraswati)","A large plucked lute with two gourd resonators. One of the oldest and most important instruments in South Indian (Carnatic) classical music.",[],{"id":9502,"type":9503,"description":9504,"genres":9505},"440be1a8-346c-4076-9b21-65271da10fc3","Repinique","A two-headed Brazilian tenor drum that leads and signals in samba batucada ensembles. Played with one stick and one hand.",[],{"id":9507,"type":9508,"description":9509,"genres":9510},"84dc9020-2b05-4618-947d-65c30be3a00f","Joik","The traditional vocal expression of the Sami people of northern Scandinavia, used to evoke people, animals, and places.",[],{"id":9512,"type":9513,"description":9514,"genres":9515},"0e400387-ecf5-4c22-ae92-661bf33b8de4","Inanga","A trough zither from Burundi and Rwanda. Used to accompany whispered narrative singing about historical events and legends.",[],{"id":9517,"type":9518,"description":9519,"genres":9520},"06fac373-1889-41a4-b51c-6830886ed679","Tar","A long-necked double-bellied lute carved from mulberry wood. A primary instrument of Azerbaijani mugham and Iranian classical music.",[],{"id":9522,"type":9523,"description":9524,"genres":9525},"3f50c7f5-4c79-4884-9146-69f85ac1b7fc","Kayamb","A flat rattle from Reunion made from sugarcane flower stalks filled with seeds. It defines maloya and sega textures.",[],{"id":9527,"type":9528,"description":9529,"genres":9530},"eb729c13-3d28-490a-9150-6bbed458706e","Timbales","Shallow single-headed metal-shelled drums mounted on a stand, played with sticks. Central to salsa, mambo, and Latin dance music.",[],{"id":9532,"type":9533,"description":9534,"genres":9535},"a0089dfc-9f60-40df-9b46-6fcb73123b1d","LinnDrum","Roger Linn's 1982 digital drum machine with sampled acoustic drum sounds. Defines the clean, punchy sound of 1980s pop, funk, and soul production, heard on countless major recordings of the decade.",[],{"id":9537,"type":6156,"description":9538,"genres":9539},"b7f58b0b-b2da-4da5-9bd7-70703968a09f","A row of horizontally laid small gongs in a frame, played with wooden beaters. Central to the musical traditions of the southern Philippines and Borneo.",[],{"id":9541,"type":9542,"description":9543,"genres":9544},"e4e63567-22a3-414d-9225-709fe86ca124","Doira \u002F Daf","A large frame drum with metal rings inside the frame. Used across Central Asia, Iran, and the Middle East in both classical and folk music.",[],{"id":9546,"type":8234,"description":9547,"genres":9548},"5f698dc1-529c-4845-9328-71108773cb80","A set of Wolof drums from Senegal, played with one hand and one stick. Central to mbalax and Wolof ceremonial music.",[],{"id":9550,"type":9551,"description":9552,"genres":9553},"c0e1371e-1ea7-4699-a847-7192a8af5fac","Turntables","Rotating record players used as performance instruments by DJs for scratching, cueing, beatmatching, and live remixing.",[],{"id":9555,"type":9556,"description":9557,"genres":9558},"999e9313-89d8-42b3-b055-768a28e0d70d","Mizmar","A double-reed conical pipe from Egypt and the Levant. Used in folk celebrations, often paired with the tabla baladi.",[],{"id":9560,"type":9561,"description":9562,"genres":9563},"28b45fdb-03fd-4860-96d0-771e0e295a87","Harp (Celtic)","A triangular frame harp with gut or nylon strings. A symbol of Irish and Scottish musical identity, with ancient roots in Celtic culture.",[],{"id":9565,"type":9566,"description":9567,"genres":9568},"16ed812b-4d32-405d-b6c0-796d24b6312b","Kannel \u002F Kankles \u002F Kokle","A plucked psaltery-type zither found across the Baltic states. Each country's variant is considered a national instrument.",[],{"id":9570,"type":9571,"description":9572,"genres":9573},"dd52210e-1573-415f-a494-7993fe4269d2","Fujara","A large Slovak overtone flute up to 1.8 meters long, played by shepherds in central Slovakia. Inscribed on UNESCO's intangible cultural heritage list.",[],{"id":9575,"type":9576,"description":9577,"genres":9578},"3b351c8e-a358-4e07-8522-7aeb8cd087ee","Step Sequencer","A device or software function that triggers notes or events across a fixed number of programmable steps. Fundamental to electronic and dance music production since the 1970s, enabling repetitive rhythmic patterns in techno, house, and acid music.",[],{"id":9580,"type":9581,"description":9582,"genres":9583},"0cee002c-4d37-4117-9e95-7ba11d53bee8","Mvet","A stick zither and harp-zither from Central Africa (Cameroon, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea). Used to accompany epic oral narratives of the Fang people.",[],{"id":9585,"type":9586,"description":9587,"genres":9588},"dba42b29-3c3e-472c-9817-7be712d00780","Venu","A South Indian bamboo transverse flute used in Carnatic classical music. Produces a sweet, clear tone across three octaves.",[],{"id":9590,"type":9591,"description":9592,"genres":9593},"b1aa41bc-7fd6-4aec-9937-7e5f628add1a","Caxixi","A small woven basket rattle from Brazil, typically played alongside the berimbau in capoeira. Adds rhythmic texture to the berimbau's sound.",[],{"id":9595,"type":9596,"description":9597,"genres":9598},"b09536e4-f1c2-4620-a292-7ec3528187f0","Tabla Baladi","An Egyptian goblet-shaped drum made of clay or metal, played with both hands. The primary hand drum of Egyptian folk and popular music.",[],{"id":9600,"type":9601,"description":9602,"genres":9603},"88e731fd-0e90-45ef-989b-7f0f36cd5fb4","Kundu","An hourglass-shaped drum from Papua New Guinea, carved from wood and covered with lizard skin. Central to sing-sing ceremonial performances.",[],{"id":9605,"type":9606,"description":9607,"genres":9608},"28cfa5a6-6c18-439f-bcdf-7f59366c5b14","Synthesizer","An electronic instrument that generates audio signals to create a wide range of sounds. Foundational to electronic, pop, hip-hop, and experimental music since the 1960s.",[],{"id":9610,"type":9611,"description":9612,"genres":9613},"4b98ab6c-ae3d-4d5e-b08d-7fba76958c75","Cuatro","A small four or five-stringed guitar-family instrument. Prominent in the folk and popular music of Venezuela, Puerto Rico, and other Caribbean nations.",[],{"id":9615,"type":9616,"description":9617,"genres":9618},"c1e7bb71-febb-4947-b687-812ea49e4dd5","Erhu","A two-stringed bowed spike fiddle with a small resonator covered in python skin. One of the most popular Chinese traditional instruments.",[],{"id":9620,"type":9621,"description":9622,"genres":9623},"93dd53c9-bf6c-41ff-961d-81c0aba4c0c0","Djembe","A goblet-shaped hand drum carved from a single piece of wood with a goatskin head. Originating among Mande peoples of West Africa, it is now played globally.",[],{"id":9625,"type":9626,"description":9627,"genres":9628},"5452a72a-1695-43b9-af18-8291f30d1ed1","Talk Box","A device that routes a musical instrument's signal into the performer's mouth via a tube, allowing them to shape the sound with their lips and mouth cavity. Associated with funk, rock, and hip-hop, notably used by Peter Frampton and Roger Troutman.",[],{"id":9630,"type":9631,"description":9632,"genres":9633},"f68c5319-7822-403d-89a5-83d5157a4802","Katajjaq (Inuit Throat Singing)","A vocal game from the Inuit peoples of Canada and Greenland, performed by two women facing each other, producing rhythmic guttural sounds in alternation.",[],{"id":9635,"type":9636,"description":9637,"genres":9638},"305a0a16-3874-4f48-a927-83db2842ebdc","Nyckelharpa","A Swedish bowed instrument with keys (tangents) that change the pitch of the strings. Dates to medieval times and has been revived in the folk music scene.",[],{"id":9640,"type":9641,"description":9642,"genres":9643},"2f487c28-663d-4c5a-b71c-8450ebb54f06","Dungchen","A Tibetan Buddhist long trumpet, sometimes over three meters in length. Used in monastery ceremonies, producing deep, resonant tones.",[],{"id":9645,"type":9646,"description":9647,"genres":9648},"668bc1a1-305f-42bd-a628-869ceb60ffb8","Guitar","A fretted string instrument played by plucking or strumming. It is central to popular, folk, rock, jazz, and many regional traditions worldwide.",[],{"id":9650,"type":9651,"description":9652,"genres":9653},"70e969b9-cd0c-4da5-96aa-86e8beecdeeb","Khene","A Lao mouth organ made from bamboo tubes fitted into a wooden windchest. The national instrument of Laos, central to lam and mor lam traditions.",[],{"id":9655,"type":9656,"description":9657,"genres":9658},"e068fed9-08f7-41e7-bd18-879394f77548","Bansuri","A transverse bamboo flute used in North Indian classical music. Produces a warm, rich tone central to Hindustani raga performance.",[],{"id":9660,"type":9661,"description":9662,"genres":9663},"7b0435f3-7b4e-44ce-8520-87f410e68d1d","Bongos","A pair of small open-bottomed Cuban drums played between the knees. Prominent in son cubano, salsa, and Latin jazz.",[],{"id":9665,"type":9666,"description":9667,"genres":9668},"5ec4a8b4-da47-4b63-acc1-8c2991536abc","Samplers","Electronic instruments that record and trigger audio snippets, widely used to build beats, loops, textures, and layered productions.",[],{"id":9670,"type":9671,"description":9672,"genres":9673},"ae1a63da-0651-49ff-b3b7-8d631cd3ce0e","Marimba","A large wooden-barred percussion instrument with tubular resonators. Important in Central American, Mexican, and Southern African musical traditions.",[],{"id":9675,"type":9676,"description":9677,"genres":9678},"f432dd30-1d65-4e97-afc3-8d9fa13cbbeb","Reese Bass","A detuned, heavily filtered synthesiser bass sound derived from Kevin Saunderson's 1988 track 'Just Want Another Chance'. A defining timbre of drum and bass, jungle, and darkstep production.",[],{"id":9680,"type":3826,"description":9681,"genres":9682},"cdd6867b-33e8-4714-b57a-8daaea35e930","A Scandinavian herding call using a high-pitched vocal technique to carry across mountain valleys. Historically used by women to call livestock.",[],{"id":9684,"type":9685,"description":9686,"genres":9687},"f4c2daff-162d-41c7-b72f-8f46a1975ab8","Mbira (Kalimba)","An African lamellophone (thumb piano) with metal tines mounted on a wooden board. Central to Shona spiritual music and found across the continent in many forms.",[],{"id":9689,"type":9690,"description":9691,"genres":9692},"90ffb752-cabd-4989-8aba-91f4ccc3c213","Oud","A short-necked, fretless lute with a deep pear-shaped body. Central to classical and folk music across the Arab world, Turkey, Greece, and Central Asia.",[],{"id":9694,"type":9695,"description":9696,"genres":9697},"0cd9a1e0-c009-47aa-a307-92361bf8833e","Suling","A bamboo ring flute used across Indonesia and Malaysia. A key melodic instrument in Javanese and Balinese gamelan ensembles.",[],{"id":9699,"type":9700,"description":9701,"genres":9702},"fedddb62-c98e-467b-9734-9291c854105d","Kamancheh","A bowed spike fiddle with a round body. A primary instrument in Persian, Azerbaijani, and broader Middle Eastern classical music.",[],{"id":9704,"type":9705,"description":9706,"genres":9707},"b557751f-4d79-43fe-860e-94d8949f88f2","Tin Whistle","A simple six-hole fipple flute, also called a penny whistle. A signature instrument of Irish traditional music and widely used in Celtic traditions.",[],{"id":9709,"type":9710,"description":9711,"genres":9712},"c0099230-82c4-4b08-8171-94da838f75d3","Rubab","A short-necked lute with a double-chambered body carved from mulberry wood. The national instrument of Afghanistan, considered an ancestor of the Indian sarod.",[],{"id":9714,"type":9715,"description":9716,"genres":9717},"235edf83-4465-4818-866e-950e4a8873cb","Electric Piano","A category of electromechanical keyboard instruments including the Fender Rhodes and Wurlitzer, producing sound through vibrating metal elements amplified electronically. Foundational to soul, jazz, funk, R&B, and neo soul.",[],{"id":9719,"type":9720,"description":9721,"genres":9722},"3ed8a82a-0151-4c70-b9a3-969e354d904b","Roland TR-606","Roland's 1981 compact analogue drum machine, designed as a companion to the TB-303. Its bright, thin kick and metallic hi-hats feature heavily in acid house, early techno, and lo-fi electronic music.",[],{"id":9724,"type":9725,"description":9726,"genres":9727},"8c819767-96d8-4c0b-af5a-96be2617d13d","Shamisen","A three-stringed plucked lute with a square body covered in skin, played with a large plectrum. Used in Japanese kabuki, bunraku, and folk music.",[],{"id":9729,"type":9730,"description":9731,"genres":9732},"e11527ee-80d5-4119-a9b5-96c15d787c78","Sarangi","A short-necked bowed instrument with gut strings and up to 40 sympathetic strings. Used in North Indian classical and Nepali folk music.",[],{"id":9734,"type":9735,"description":9736,"genres":9737},"c72428bc-ca7f-490f-82dc-98698cce1bef","Canto a Tenore","A Sardinian form of polyphonic singing with four voice parts, one imitating natural and animal sounds. Inscribed on UNESCO's list.",[],{"id":9739,"type":9740,"description":9741,"genres":9742},"47d2be62-f6bc-4ddb-8d7a-99446613beba","Gyaling","A Tibetan double-reed oboe used in Buddhist monastery ceremonies. Produces a piercing, penetrating sound accompanying religious rituals.",[],{"id":9744,"type":9745,"description":9746,"genres":9747},"5a6daed7-4506-4117-b415-998ec4603fc4","Tambora","A double-headed drum played with a stick on one side and bare hand on the other. The rhythmic foundation of Dominican merengue.",[],{"id":9749,"type":9750,"description":9751,"genres":9752},"7e6acaeb-69de-46a5-90d7-99d92b400c2c","Guira","A cylindrical metal scraper from the Dominican Republic that drives merengue rhythm alongside tambora.",[],{"id":9754,"type":9755,"description":9756,"genres":9757},"da4ca1a0-a3da-40e4-b7e0-9cd923b32e54","Gayageum","A 12-string plucked zither with silk or nylon strings. One of the most important instruments in Korean traditional music.",[],{"id":9759,"type":9760,"description":9761,"genres":9762},"c00b6ff6-34e8-4419-86fc-9d1bc30252c0","Angklung","An Indonesian instrument made of bamboo tubes attached to a frame, shaken to produce notes. Traditionally played in large communal ensembles; inscribed on UNESCO's list.",[],{"id":9764,"type":9765,"description":9766,"genres":9767},"7ed557a5-2617-41e4-9227-9e480206c2e9","Ngoni","A small plucked lute from West Africa with a wooden trough body and skin soundboard. Considered a precursor to the American banjo.",[],{"id":9769,"type":9770,"description":9771,"genres":9772},"54c498d5-f12b-4cad-be50-9f4eb0a08317","Dombra","A long-necked two-string lute and national instrument of Kazakhstan, used in solo kuy performances.",[],{"id":9774,"type":9775,"description":9776,"genres":9777},"c5f61f00-f6b4-4b2c-8eb4-9f507b3e3249","Balalaika","A triangular-bodied Russian stringed instrument with three strings. A symbol of Russian folk music, played solo and in orchestras.",[],{"id":9779,"type":9780,"description":9781,"genres":9782},"77838f61-0624-45b8-b2fa-a26ba10e5dfa","Sheng","A Chinese free-reed mouth organ with vertical bamboo pipes arranged in a circle. One of the oldest polyphonic instruments in the world.",[],{"id":9784,"type":9785,"description":9786,"genres":9787},"b621fb5c-1354-4e55-858d-a32a82ec50fe","Loop Pedal","A device that records a live audio passage and plays it back in a continuous loop, allowing one performer to build layered arrangements in real time. Used extensively in experimental, folk, hip-hop, and live electronic performance.",[],{"id":9789,"type":9790,"description":9791,"genres":9792},"fa91bb1d-95c8-46ff-a709-a404c38bfdcb","Dan Bau","A Vietnamese single-string monochord with a flexible pitch-bending rod and voice-like harmonic tones.",[],{"id":9794,"type":9795,"description":9796,"genres":9797},"9037f42e-4a8f-4905-8c25-a46a7de5762a","Rouler","A barrel drum from Reunion that is central to maloya music and played with both hands.",[],{"id":9799,"type":9800,"description":9801,"genres":9802},"8b43291d-0bba-4d08-b9b4-a783e0fce311","Hardanger Fiddle","A Norwegian fiddle with four or five sympathetic resonating strings beneath the fingerboard. Produces a distinctive ringing, resonant tone used in folk music.",[],{"id":9804,"type":9805,"description":9806,"genres":9807},"31728fe1-56f7-47b5-a020-a87ffb06fa73","Arpa Llanera","A diatonic folk harp with a bright sound used in Venezuelan and Colombian joropo music. Played with rapid arpeggiated techniques.",[],{"id":9809,"type":9810,"description":9811,"genres":9812},"6ae45eb3-e296-4cff-a567-a89c60ff25e1","Sarod","A fretless plucked lute with a metal fingerboard, producing deep, sustained tones. A major solo instrument in Hindustani classical music.",[],{"id":9814,"type":9815,"description":9816,"genres":9817},"efc3f32e-1748-4c29-b04d-a9ea0ba23491","Guqin","A seven-string fretless zither with a history spanning over 3,000 years. Revered in Chinese culture as an instrument of scholars and sages.",[],{"id":9819,"type":9820,"description":9821,"genres":9822},"f831ae51-0f19-4535-bc6f-aa7dbc0178de","Vuvuzela","A long plastic horn that produces a loud monotone note. Became globally associated with South African football culture.",[],{"id":9824,"type":9825,"description":9826,"genres":9827},"9fc69872-dbe4-46c1-ada3-aa93d9096544","Organ (Pipe)","A keyboard instrument producing sound by sending pressurized air through pipes. Central to Western sacred music for centuries, from cathedrals to gospel churches.",[],{"id":9829,"type":9830,"description":9831,"genres":9832},"f5af7ad2-e437-4620-a6f7-ac6888012720","Janggu","An hourglass-shaped Korean double-headed drum. A leading rhythmic instrument in Korean court music, folk music, and samulnori ensembles.",[],{"id":9834,"type":9835,"description":9836,"genres":9837},"b5be9d78-1f15-4e36-8412-aee8b45918b2","Castanets","A pair of concave wooden shells clicked together by the fingers. Associated with Spanish flamenco and broader Iberian folk traditions.",[],{"id":9839,"type":9840,"description":9841,"genres":9842},"7aad1e47-66dd-48e5-9527-af87735280c1","Wah Pedal","An effects pedal that sweeps a band-pass filter across the audio frequency spectrum using a rocker mechanism, producing a vocal-like tone. Fundamental to psychedelic rock, funk guitar, and blues-rock since the late 1960s.",[],{"id":9844,"type":9845,"description":9846,"genres":9847},"94ee9a51-92f6-4cd1-bcf9-b1bb061cf06e","Bouzouki","A long-necked plucked lute with a round body and metal strings. The signature instrument of Greek rebetiko and popular music.",[],{"id":9849,"type":9850,"description":9851,"genres":9852},"39e61143-2431-482e-9de9-b71b0094e45a","Putatara","A Maori trumpet made from a conch shell fitted with a carved wooden mouthpiece. Used for signalling and ceremonial purposes in New Zealand.",[],{"id":9854,"type":9855,"description":9856,"genres":9857},"f82010f7-87a9-41ee-92ff-b73e7b4a26b3","Tres","A three-course plucked string instrument derived from the Spanish guitar. Fundamental to Cuban son and other Caribbean genres.",[],{"id":9859,"type":9860,"description":9861,"genres":9862},"2bfd1b14-a5b2-49a0-99a8-b7c7adc19a1e","Beatboxing","A vocal percussion technique that imitates drum machines, turntables, and other sounds using the mouth, lips, tongue, and voice. Originated in hip-hop culture.",[],{"id":9864,"type":9865,"description":9866,"genres":9867},"04fc6018-599f-47a3-bab7-b8b2f27c21ad","Synthesiser Lead","A high-pitched, sustaining melodic synthesiser line typically played over dance music productions. Defining the soaring melodies of trance, progressive house, and Eurodance, often programmed on synthesisers such as the Roland JP-8000 or virtual instruments.",[],{"id":9869,"type":9870,"description":9871,"genres":9872},"7d8f500f-1626-4b40-9d4f-b9cbb1e43877","Sho","A Japanese free-reed mouth organ derived from the Chinese sheng. Used in gagaku court music to provide sustained harmonic clusters.",[],{"id":9874,"type":9875,"description":9876,"genres":9877},"ddeae183-c699-4dcc-a562-baa0ec023518","Bata","A set of three hourglass-shaped double-headed drums sacred to Yoruba and Lucumi traditions.",[],{"id":9879,"type":9880,"description":9881,"genres":9882},"f55bebeb-9d6f-4808-999c-baec988e48f4","Nai","A Romanian curved panpipe made from bamboo or cane tubes. A virtuosic solo instrument in Romanian folk and classical music.",[],{"id":9884,"type":9885,"description":9886,"genres":9887},"ad22606e-66b0-40a6-abcd-bd901964f591","Vocoder","A device that analyses and resynthesises the human voice through a synthesiser's timbre, creating robotic or harmonised vocal textures. Used in electronic music, Afrobeats, hip-hop, and pop since the 1970s.",[],{"id":9889,"type":9890,"description":9891,"genres":9892},"2ac13d89-4f6d-418c-9097-be5e9c6df39b","Agogo","A set of two or more metal bells struck with a stick, used in Yoruba-derived and Brazilian traditions.",[],{"id":9894,"type":9895,"description":9896,"genres":9897},"370bb4e2-a749-42b6-b302-c03b5c2a59d7","Rebab","A bowed string instrument found in varied forms across the Arab world, Southeast Asia, and Central Asia. Used in gamelan, Arab classical, and folk traditions.",[],{"id":9899,"type":9900,"description":9901,"genres":9902},"c5446a79-f8d2-4c81-8b6e-c04be0d57525","Harmonica","A free-reed instrument played by blowing and drawing air across metal reeds. Central to blues, folk, country, and various global popular music traditions.",[],{"id":9904,"type":9905,"description":9906,"genres":9907},"7f869992-7e35-4ea5-a710-c1254b16d2ed","Timbila","A Mozambican xylophone of the Chopi people, played in large orchestral ensembles. Inscribed on UNESCO's list for its compositional sophistication.",[],{"id":9909,"type":9910,"description":9911,"genres":9912},"a55de2f6-33a0-4856-b3bd-c2c54747a2e8","Vaksin","Bamboo trumpets of various sizes used in Haitian rara processional music. Each player sounds a single note, creating interlocking melodic patterns.",[],{"id":9914,"type":9915,"description":9916,"genres":9917},"2369d615-5613-4bb5-91ac-c51bfa599916","Cajita","A small wooden box struck with a mallet, used in Afro-Peruvian music. One of several improvised percussion instruments in the tradition.",[],{"id":9919,"type":9920,"description":9921,"genres":9922},"a657a966-e999-49e7-b4b4-c7733c03060b","Amen Break","A six-second drum solo from The Winstons' 1969 track 'Amen, Brother', sampled and time-stretched into the rhythmic foundation of jungle, drum and bass, breakbeat hardcore, and countless other genres since the late 1980s.",[],{"id":9924,"type":9925,"description":9926,"genres":9927},"b4e19a3c-1e72-4c0e-80e2-c7c259787f22","Saz (Balama)","A family of long-necked plucked lutes and the most widely played instrument in Turkish folk music. Features movable frets for microtonal intervals.",[],{"id":9929,"type":9930,"description":9931,"genres":9932},"57f7dfac-d7bd-443d-8f9a-c8e0c8c4f759","Zurna \u002F Sorna","A loud double-reed oboe-type instrument played outdoors across Turkey, the Balkans, Central Asia, and the Middle East. Often paired with drums.",[],{"id":9934,"type":9935,"description":9936,"genres":9937},"679d35a9-5b8f-4436-a6c0-c958b2ac435a","Yodeling","A singing technique involving rapid alternation between chest and head voice. Found in Alpine European, Central African Pygmy, and various other traditions independently.",[],{"id":9939,"type":9940,"description":9941,"genres":9942},"88a56f26-3bbf-4e39-89fa-c9a3e8ba626d","Tama","A small Senegalese talking drum held under the arm and played with a curved stick. Capable of imitating the tonal patterns of the Wolof language.",[],{"id":9944,"type":9945,"description":9946,"genres":9947},"6f8a7e07-67b9-4d50-abdf-cb7efd6eeb51","808 Bass","The pitched, sustaining sub-bass tone derived from the Roland TR-808 kick drum, tuned and played melodically. A cornerstone of trap, UK drill, grime, and contemporary hip-hop, providing a deeply resonant low-frequency foundation.",[],{"id":9949,"type":9950,"description":9951,"genres":9952},"471b4ea6-7e62-45f3-8860-ccf3aedbf7e3","Tombak \u002F Zarb","An Iranian goblet drum carved from a single block of wood. Produces a wide range of tones and is central to Persian classical music rhythm.",[],{"id":9954,"type":9955,"description":9956,"genres":9957},"96f8e1e5-824b-43ca-b67f-ce8b2a2c2307","Santur","A hammered dulcimer with 72 strings struck with delicate wooden mallets. Central to Persian classical music and found across the Middle East and South Asia.",[],{"id":9959,"type":9960,"description":9961,"genres":9962},"deabca72-6445-49da-a601-d3209c722889","Auto-Tune \u002F Pitch Corrector","Software pitch correction originally designed as a transparent correction tool, later used stylistically — most notably in trap, drill, R&B, and pop — to create sustained, gliding vocal tones associated with artists like T-Pain, Future, and many UK drill MCs.",[],{"id":9964,"type":9965,"description":9966,"genres":9967},"09ec4efd-35e9-42fe-afde-d52dcfa5ec11","Roland Juno","Roland's affordable polyphonic analogue synthesiser series (Juno-60, Juno-106), introduced in 1982. Its lush chorus effect and smooth pads are instantly recognisable in synth-pop, new wave, house, and contemporary pop and electronic production.",[],{"id":9969,"type":9970,"description":9971,"genres":9972},"2b181c20-a06a-4c29-839a-d56885965439","Ravanne","A large Mauritian frame drum central to sega music, played with the hands after heating the skin.",[],{"id":9974,"type":9975,"description":9976,"genres":9977},"a2838806-51da-4926-b3a5-d6494739359b","Ukulele","A small four-stringed instrument developed in Hawaii from Portuguese immigrant instruments. Widely adopted across Pacific Island and global popular music.",[],{"id":9979,"type":9980,"description":9981,"genres":9982},"2478f98d-1d3e-42a2-aeb1-d768c54db151","Korg M1","Korg's 1988 workstation synthesiser, the best-selling synth of all time. Its organ and piano presets drove the early house and rave music explosion, particularly in the UK and Europe.",[],{"id":9984,"type":9985,"description":9986,"genres":9987},"63c8277c-0443-4917-b8a2-d7e0e39e9d57","Doira","A Central Asian frame drum prominent in Uzbek and Tajik music. Played with rapid finger techniques producing complex rhythmic patterns.",[],{"id":9989,"type":9990,"description":9991,"genres":9992},"27e3a812-d195-45b7-a0eb-d997f8897bf5","Gaita (Galician Bagpipe)","A mouth-blown bagpipe from Galicia in northwestern Spain and northern Portugal. Central to Galician folk music and cultural identity.",[],{"id":9994,"type":9995,"description":9996,"genres":9997},"16ec66e1-4b20-4d75-977f-d9b7d6729077","Akai MPC","Akai's Music Production Centre sampler-sequencer, introduced in 1988 in collaboration with Roger Linn. Its finger-drumming workflow and tight swing quantisation defined hip-hop beatmaking and influenced virtually every production genre that followed.",[],{"id":9999,"type":10000,"description":10001,"genres":10002},"35003ccc-6e7d-4dfc-a201-daa26b4dd00f","Tabla","A pair of hand drums (treble dayan and bass bayan) used in North Indian classical music. Capable of extraordinary tonal variety and rhythmic complexity.",[],{"id":10004,"type":10005,"description":10006,"genres":10007},"987e7e2a-25e8-4dad-82c5-dc8f9945f179","Uilleann Pipes","Irish bellows-blown bagpipes with a chanter, drones, and regulators. Capable of a wide range of dynamics and ornamentation, played seated.",[],{"id":10009,"type":10010,"description":10011,"genres":10012},"a65319e9-1a23-4e24-a7dd-dd0b4650f955","Kora","A 21-string harp-lute made from a large gourd resonator covered in cowhide. Central to the Mande griot tradition of West Africa.",[],{"id":10014,"type":10015,"description":10016,"genres":10017},"3d71ca25-db22-4110-8c63-dd22252de0f1","Sampler","A device or software that records and plays back audio samples, allowing them to be manipulated and sequenced. Central to hip-hop, electronic, and contemporary production.",[],{"id":10019,"type":10020,"description":10021,"genres":10022},"a2e6d9bb-189c-4110-9631-e05804b56912","Ranat Ek","A Thai wooden xylophone and the lead melodic instrument in classical piphat ensembles. Played with two padded mallets at rapid speed.",[],{"id":10024,"type":10025,"description":10026,"genres":10027},"0928bd1a-3150-4fc4-961b-e2ad097378f6","Alphorn","A long wooden horn originally used for communication across Alpine valleys. A symbol of Swiss pastoral culture, producing deep resonant tones.",[],{"id":10029,"type":10030,"description":10031,"genres":10032},"2b86e039-fe07-4651-9db6-e32bd878adde","Charango","A small ten-string lute traditionally made with an armadillo shell body. Iconic in Andean music across Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, and northern Argentina.",[],{"id":10034,"type":10035,"description":10036,"genres":10037},"84da85e2-dc76-49aa-9cc0-e37b688805e3","Pandeiro","A Brazilian frame drum with metal jingles, smaller than a tambourine. Essential to samba, choro, and many other Brazilian genres.",[],{"id":10039,"type":10040,"description":10041,"genres":10042},"37db8bb2-bf72-4415-822f-e37d0c611a72","Kendang","A double-headed drum used across Indonesia and Malaysia. In gamelan, the kendang player directs the tempo and dynamics of the ensemble.",[],{"id":10044,"type":10045,"description":10046,"genres":10047},"70112e42-129f-464b-8056-e681ecf652f1","Moog Synthesizer","The landmark analogue synthesiser series designed by Robert Moog from 1964, introducing voltage-controlled oscillators, filters, and a keyboard interface. Its warm, expressive sound defined psychedelic rock, electronic music, and progressive rock, and remains highly influential.",[],{"id":10049,"type":10050,"description":10051,"genres":10052},"17d88c90-17bc-4bae-81dd-e84400cf6748","Taiko","A family of Japanese drums ranging from small hand drums to massive barrel drums. Played with wooden sticks (bachi) in ensemble performances of great physical energy.",[],{"id":10054,"type":10055,"description":10056,"genres":10057},"9f910f3d-22cd-4392-be54-ed36c42a3635","Pi (Thai Oboe)","A quadruple-reed oboe used in Thai classical piphat ensembles. Produces a nasal, penetrating tone that leads the melodic line.",[],{"id":10059,"type":10060,"description":10061,"genres":10062},"113f73d2-18de-465b-9587-eef7e9035b68","Pipa","A four-stringed pear-shaped lute played with fingernails. A major solo and ensemble instrument in Chinese classical music for over two thousand years.",[],{"id":10064,"type":10065,"description":10066,"genres":10067},"3d220a41-e10c-4b0f-be72-efcd047026ab","Oberheim DMX","Oberheim's 1981 drum machine whose distinctive snare and kick drove early hip-hop and electro. Heavily used by producers like Afrika Bambaataa and throughout New York club music in the early 1980s.",[],{"id":10069,"type":10070,"description":10071,"genres":10072},"28b92f51-38d3-458e-a371-f041efc2bf6c","Surdo","A large bass drum carried by a strap during Brazilian Carnival. Provides the deep pulse in samba batucada drumming.",[],{"id":10074,"type":10075,"description":10076,"genres":10077},"a2de6a9e-feef-4093-ab55-f0654f250cef","DAW (Digital Audio Workstation)","Software environments such as Ableton Live, Logic Pro, FL Studio, Pro Tools, and GarageBand used to record, sequence, edit, and mix music. Since the 1990s the DAW has replaced the studio desk as the central tool of music production across virtually every genre.",[],{"id":10079,"type":10080,"description":10081,"genres":10082},"23dd5ec8-3a5a-493d-b1d0-f188cdfef97b","Khoomei (Throat Singing)","A Mongolian and Tuvan vocal technique where a single singer simultaneously produces two or more pitches. Inscribed on UNESCO's list.",[],{"id":10084,"type":10085,"description":10086,"genres":10087},"22d2cfee-ea7a-4bee-8e3a-f395e55d9aa9","Salamuri","A Georgian end-blown wooden flute with a warm tone. Used in both solo and ensemble folk music.",[],{"id":10089,"type":10090,"description":10091,"genres":10092},"30a7d93e-d90d-4c06-8ae2-f63ebe3cb156","Dizi","A Chinese transverse bamboo flute with a distinctive buzzing membrane over one hole. Used in Chinese opera, folk, and orchestral music.",[],{"id":10094,"type":10095,"description":10096,"genres":10097},"f58dc3a0-3d81-4825-8214-f6547647d18b","Bass","A low-register string instrument that anchors rhythm and harmony, commonly used in electric, acoustic, and ensemble forms.",[],{"id":10099,"type":10100,"description":10101,"genres":10102},"e1df1643-15fc-4863-9170-f76f3369931c","Nay \u002F Ney","An end-blown reed flute used across the Middle East, Turkey, and Central Asia. One of the oldest musical instruments still in active use.",[],{"id":10104,"type":10105,"description":10106,"genres":10107},"c318f2aa-95cb-4fb0-8bbf-f8d65a48e65b","Koauau","A small Maori cross-blown flute traditionally made from bone, wood, or stone. Used for entertainment, mourning, and attracting birds.",[],{"id":10109,"type":10110,"description":10111,"genres":10112},"41edc328-a835-4387-9108-f8d82aae836e","Gusle","A single-stringed bowed instrument used to accompany epic poetry recitation in Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia, and Croatia.",[],{"id":10114,"type":10115,"description":10116,"genres":10117},"46994988-4708-4c7a-a773-fad68879609f","Kebero","A double-headed Ethiopian drum used in both secular and Ethiopian Orthodox Church music. Played with bare hands.",[],{"id":10119,"type":10120,"description":10121,"genres":10122},"1e31654f-5b5f-4f7b-a4ac-fbb807e9a97d","Haegeum","A Korean two-stringed vertical bowed fiddle. Used in both court and folk music ensembles.",[],{"id":10124,"type":10125,"description":10126,"genres":10127},"1fd25fe6-d7a6-46a8-b0e3-fd60c8c900ba","Korg MS-20","Korg's 1978 semi-modular analogue synthesiser with an aggressive, distinctive filter. Used extensively in industrial, techno, and electronic bass music for its raw, harsh timbres.",[],{"id":10129,"type":10130,"description":10131,"genres":10132},"ba953590-a3b8-4ae5-a0c6-fe50cee26edf","Setar","A delicate long-necked lute with four strings, played with the index finger. Used in Persian classical music for intimate solo performance.",[],{"id":10134,"type":10135,"description":10136,"genres":10137},"8d238c3e-7024-42ff-b623-ffdf7003994c","Fender Rhodes","An electric piano developed in the 1960s that produces warm, bell-like tones through electromagnetic pickups striking metal tines. Foundational to jazz fusion, soul, funk, R&B, and neo soul, and widely sampled in hip-hop and contemporary production.",[],1784234054813]